研究生: |
陳名昱 Ming-Yu Chen |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
南投縣偏遠地區國民中學校長授能領導與教師領導之研究 A Study of Empowering Leadership and Teacher Leadership in Remote Junior High Schools in Nantou County |
指導教授: |
潘慧玲
Pan, Hui-Ling |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
公民教育與活動領導學系 Department of Civic Education and Leadership |
論文出版年: | 2011 |
畢業學年度: | 99 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 215 |
中文關鍵詞: | 授能領導 、教師領導 |
英文關鍵詞: | Empowering Leadership, Teacher Leadership |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:173 下載:13 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在探究南投縣偏遠國中校長授能領導與教師領導之情形,並分析兩者之關係。本研究採「混合方法」(mixed methods)取徑,先實施問卷調查,再輔以訪談,蒐集實徵資料。在問卷調查方面,共抽取9所南投縣偏遠國中156位教師,回收135份,有效樣本134份,將所得資料以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、階層迴歸等統計方法進行分析。在訪談方面,根據量化資料分析選取2所個案學校,以半結構式訪談大綱,針對8位學校人員進行訪談。
本研究根據實徵研究資料,獲致以下結論:
壹、南投縣偏遠地區國民中學校長授能領導與教師領導現況為中上及中等程
度。
貳、不同年齡與學校規模教師,其對校長授能領導知覺程度有顯著差異情形。
參、不同職務教師,其教師領導有顯著差異情形。
肆、背景變項中「年齡」與「在本校服務年資」對整體教師領導與教師領導同
僚層面具顯著解釋力。
伍、授能領導層面中的「參與管理」、「目標設定」以及「工作豐富化」對整
體教師領導與教師領導班級層面具顯著解釋力。
陸、授能領導層面中的「參與管理」、「工作豐富化」對教師領導同僚層面與
學校層面具顯著解釋力。
柒、背景變項中「年齡」、「在本校服務年資」以及「現任職務」對教師領導
學校層面具顯著解釋力。
捌、高低分組校長授能領導知覺學校,其教師領導有所差異。
玖、個案學校校長之賦權與溝通策略是促進教師領導學校層面的關鍵。
基於上述結論,本研究對主管教育行政機關、偏遠國中及後續研究者提出下述建議:
壹、對主管教育行政機關的建議
一、偏遠國中經費的分配宜將學區社區資源納入考量要項。
二、賦予教師對校長人選意見表達的機會。
三、加強初任校長輔導機制,提升偏遠國中競爭力。
四、偏遠國中處室設置應有配套措施,以利行政運作順利。
貳、對偏遠國民中學的建議
一、對學校行政單位的建議。
(一)行政人員宜建立與教師互助合作的關係。
(二)校長應設法增進教師對學校認同感,鼓勵教師參與校務,促進教師領
導的發生。
(三)校長應設法發掘教師的多元能力,協助教師減輕工作負擔。
(四)學校與學區其他中小學可建立策略聯盟,形塑專業學習社群。
二、對教師的建議
(一)走出教室,多參與學校事務。
(二)發揮自我影響力,鼓勵同儕進行專業對話。
(三)拓展自我多元能力,協助校務推展。
(四)勇於針砭校務,提出以學生為本之建言。
三、對後續相關研究的建議
(一)研究主題:可於授能領導與教師領導間納入中介變項,例如學校組
織氣氛等,以瞭解彼此交互影響之情形。
(二)研究對象:以一般國中教師為研究對象,與本研究結果做對照與比
較。
The main purposes of this study were to investigate the current situation of Empowering Leadership and Teacher Leadership in remote junior high schools in Nantou County, and to explore the relationship between these two factors. This study adopted two-stage mixed methods to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. There were 156 subjects randomly sampled from 9 remote junior high schools in Nantou County, and 134 effective questionnaires were collected. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression were used in data analysis. Two sample schools who were recruited from the subjects of questionnaires were interviewed.
The findings of this study were summarized as follows:
1.Teachers’ perceptions of empowering leadership and teacher leadership was intermediate to higher-intermediate.
2.There was a significant difference in teachers’ perceptions of empowering leadership due to the differences in the participants’ age and in school size.
3.There was a significant difference in teachers’ perceptions of teacher leadership due to the differences in present job position.
4.In the category of Participant’s Background, “Age” and “Seniority” had a predicative value in the performance in teacher leadership and “Colleagues” aspect in teacher leadership.
5.In the category of empowering leadership, “Participation in Management”, “Goal Setting”, and “Job Enrichment” had a predicative value in the performance in teacher leadership and “Class” aspect in teacher leadership .
6.In the category of empowering leadership, “Participation in Management” and “Job Enrichment” had a predicative value in the performance in the “Colleagues” and the “School” aspect in teacher leadership.
7.In the category of Participant’s Background, “Age”, “Seniority”, and “Present Job Position” had a predicative value in the performance in the “School” aspect in teacher leadership.
8.There was a significant difference in the performance in teacher leadership between schools with the high results in the perceptions of empowering leadership and those with the low results.
9.Empowerment and communication strategies adopted by principals were critical in the “School” aspect in teacher leadership.
Based on the research findings, suggestions were offered for authorities of educational administration, junior high schools in remote areas, and future research.
1.Suggestions for the administrative institutions of education:
(1)Allocating founding to junior high schools in remote areas, community resources could be taken into consideration.
(2)Teachers could be provided with an opportunity to express their opinions on principal candidates.
(3)Supportive mechanism could be strengthened for novice principals to enhance competitiveness of junior high schools in remote areas.
(4)Supportive measures could be established for junior high schools in remote areas to facilitate the administration.
2.Suggestions for junior high schools in remote areas:
(1)Suggestions for administrative departments
a. Administrative staff and teachers could establish mutual cooperation
relationships.
b. Principals could enhance teachers’ recognition of their school, encourage
teachers to participate in school affairs, and promote the performance in
teacher leadership.
c. Principals could try to explore teacher's versatility and help reduce the
workload of teachers.
d. Strategic alliance could be established between schools to shape professional
learning community.
(2)Suggestions for teachers
a. Teachers could be more involved in school affairs.
b. Teachers could exert their influence to encourage a professional interaction
among colleagues.
c. Teachers could develop versatility to assist school in school affairs.
d. Teachers could have the courage to put forward student-centered proposals.
3.Suggestions for future studies:
a.Topics: Intervening variables in empowering leadership and Teacher
Leadership, such as “Organizational Atmosphere in School”, could be added, in
order for the clarification of the interaction among the variables.
b. Subjects: The junior high school teachers in non-remote areas could be included
as subjects, in order for a comparison with the results of this study.
一、中文部分
內政部主計處(2010)。人口靜態統計。2010年2月10日,取自http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/month/m1-01.xls
吳正成(1999)。臺東縣國民小學校長授能行為之探討。國立東華大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,花蓮縣。
吳明雄(2001)。國民小學校長轉型領導行為與學校效能之研究。國立臺中師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺中市。
吳清山(2008)。教育法規-理論與實務。臺北市:心理。
吳清山、林天祐(2003)。教育小辭書。臺北市:五南。
吳清山、林天祐(2005)。教育新辭書。臺北市:五南。
吳靖國(2000)。教育理論。臺北市:師大書苑。
李永展(2005)。各類型農村之永續營造模式研究。行政院農業委員會水土保持局委託專案報告。臺南市:中華民國區域科學學會。
杜明城(1995)。偏遠地區的教育診斷。國教之聲,29,1- 4。
李新民(1995)。國小校長授權行為。初等教育學報,8,299-326。
周祝瑛(2003)。誰捉弄了教改。臺北市:心理。
林文律(2000)。學校行政:理想與實際。學校行政雙月刊,6,24-37。
林君齡(2001)。國民中學學校教師會運作之微觀政治個案研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
林秀聰(1998)。賦能策略應用於機關組織之研究。國立政治大學公共行政學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
林欣儀(2009)臺中市國民小學教師領導之研究。國立臺中教育大學碩士論文,未出版,臺中市。
林俊傑(2004)。偏遠地區國民中小學之組織再造與組織效能。菁莪,16(1),57-62。
林重澎(1989)。國民小學校長領導權力基礎與教師士氣關係之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
范熾文(2001)。學校行政革新 : 領導、課程與教學。臺北市:商鼎文化。
徐小玲(2006)。勿讓偏遠小型學校的弱勢更為惡化。2009年9月14日,取自http:www.ryjh.tyc.edu.tw。
桃園縣政府教育處(2008)。桃園縣校長遴選作業要點。2010年2月10日,取自http://163.30.29.5/ids/service/02/1.doc
涂嘉梅(2004)。桃園縣偏遠地區國民小學學校行政效能影響因素之研究。輔仁大學教育領導與發展研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
秦夢群、高延玉(2008)。偏遠學校經營問題與解決策略。教育研究月刊,168,95-104。
高湘澤、高全余譯(1994)。Dennis H.Wrong著。權力-他的形式、基礎和作用。臺北市:桂冠。
高慧如 (2007)。桃園縣偏遠地區國民小學教師工作投入與留任意願關係之研究。輔仁大學教育領導與發展研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
張心怡(2001)。國民中學校長授能領導之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
張奕華(1997)。國民小學組織學習與學校效能關係之研究。國立臺中師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺中市。
張菁媛(2008)。屏東縣國小校長授能行為、教師組織承諾與學校效能關係之研究。國立屏東教育大學教育行政研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東縣。
張德銳(1995)。教育行政研究。臺北市:五南。
張德銳(2000)。教育行政研究。臺北市:五南。
張繼寧(2008)。臺灣偏遠國中學生學業成就影響因素之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
教育部(2007)。教育部九十六年度推動教育優先區計畫指標與補助項目對照表。2008年11月14日,取自http://www.edu.tw/files/site_content/b0056/02_1.doc
教育部(2010)。教育部中小學教師專業學習社群手冊。2010年2月10日,取自http://www.edu.tw/PDA/ aspx?nrrew_sn=3147
教育部全球資訊網(2010)。98年度偏遠學校名錄。2010年3月11日,取自www.edu.tw/files/site_content/b0013/faraway.xls
梁文蓁(2001)。中學女性校長權力運用之研究:以兩位女校長為例。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
莊淑姿(2001)。臺灣鄉村發展類型之研究。國立臺灣大學農業推廣研究所博士論文,未出版,臺北市。
許添明(2000)。學校本位經營的成與敗。載於中華民國教材研究發展協會主辦之「兩岸學校教育研討會」論文集(頁30-39)。花蓮縣:國立花蓮師範學院。
陳玉桂(2006)。學校革新中不可忽視的層面:談教師領導。學校行政雙月刊,45,26-46。
陳向明(2002)。社會科學質的研究。臺北市:五南。
陳佩英(2008)。教師領導之興起與發展。教育研究月刊,171,41-57。
陳幸仁、王雅玄(2007)。偏遠小校發展社區關係與組織文化之優勢:以一所國中為例。臺東大學教育學報,18(2),1-30。
陳怡潔(2006)國中校長教學領導、教師領導與家庭教養文化對學生表現影響之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
陳美珠(2005)。再造偏遠地區校園學習新動力。師友月刊,451,54-56。
陳鴻賢(2003)。偏遠地區學校的發展與展望-古德曼的迷你小學。教育資料與研究,53,55-60。
郭騰展(2006)。臺北縣國民小學教師領導與學校文化關係之研究。輔仁大學教育領導與發展研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
黃哲彬(2004)。國民小學校長賦權增能行為與學校效能關係之研究。國立臺南大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺南市。
黃雪華(2005)。授權賦能理論及學校運作。教師之友,46(5),69-77。
黃憲璋(2008)。臺北縣國民小學教師領導行為與班級經營效能關係之研究。輔仁大學教育領導與發展研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
楊智雄(2007)。國民中學校長授能領導與組織學習之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育行政與政策研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
廖啟雄(2003)。國民小學教師領導與學生疏離感關係之研究。國立臺北教育大學教育政策與領導研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
甄曉蘭(2005)。偏遠國中課程實踐生態與教育機會現況之實施調查研究。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告(NSC93-2412-H-003-025-SSS)。臺北市:國立臺灣師範大學教育學系。
臺閩地區公立國民中小學暨幼稚園教師介聘他縣市服務網(2010)。99年臺閩地區公立國民中小學暨幼稚園教師介聘他縣巿服務作業要點。2010年2月22日,取自http://exc.ks.edu.tw/announce/a/99.pdf
潘慧玲(2001,6月)。學校革新研究的構想與做法。論文發表於國立臺灣師範大學教育學系主辦之「學校革新」研討會,臺北市。
潘慧玲(2002)。種子與土壤:校長與教師在學校革新中的角色與作法。載於潘慧玲(主編),學校革新-理念與實踐(頁102-127)。臺北市:學富。
潘慧玲(2003)。學校革新中的教育領導。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告(NSC91-2412-H-003-008)。臺北市:國立臺灣師範大學教育學系。
潘慧玲(2004)。形構變革年代中學校領導的權力論述。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告(NSC94-2412-H-003-001)。臺北市:國立臺灣師範大學教育學系。
蔡幸蓉(2007)。初任校長為偏遠學校點燃心燈的故事。國立新竹教育大學人資處教育行政碩士專班碩士論文,未出版,新竹縣。
蔡進雄(2004)。論教師領導的趨勢與發展。教育研究月刊,129,92-101。
蔡進雄(2005)。學校領導理論研究。臺北市:師大書苑。
鄭進丁(1990)。國民小學校長運用權力策略、行政溝通行為與學校組織氣氛之關係。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文,未出版,臺北市。
賴志峰(2009)。教師領導的理論及實踐之探析。教育研究與發展期刊,5(3),112-144。
戴永華、林錫霞、蔡宗明(2007,8月31日)。偏遠學校沒人代課,流浪教師也不愛。聯合報,7版。
薛曉華(1996)。臺灣民間教育改革運動。臺北市:前衛。
謝文全(2008)。教育行政學。臺北市:高等教育。
謝健全(1999)。偏遠地區特殊教育師資培育問題之探討。臺東特教簡訊,9,20-29。
顏士程(2005,11月)。中小學實施校務發展基金之可行性研究-以彰化縣南郭國小為例。論文發表於國立嘉義大學舉辦之「海峽兩岸學術發表」研討會,嘉義縣。
蘇千惠(2005)。四位國民中學校長領導心智模式之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育系研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
蘇永明、方永泉(2010)。解嚴以來臺灣教育改革的省思。臺北市:學富。
二、西文部分
Adams, D. (2008). A study of leadership effectiveness in a large VET institution in Australia. The International Journal of Educational Management, 22(3), 34-76.
Blanchard, K., Carlos, J. P., & Randolph, A. (1996). Empowerment: Takes more than a minute. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Blasé, J., Blasé Jo, Anderson, G. L., Dungan, S. (1995). Democratic principals in action. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Blasé, J., Blasé, J. R. (1994). Empowering teachers: What successful principals do. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Browne, E. G. (2009). Emerging Teacher Leadership: Collaboration, Commitment, and Curriculum Mapping. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ.
Burke, K. A. (2009). The principal's role in supporting teacher leadership and building capacity: Teacher and administrator perspectives. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, San Diego, CA.
Can, N. (2008). The leadership behaviours of teachers in primary schools in turkey. Chula Vista, 129(3), 35-40.
Chapman, S. (2009). Teacher leadership development: Promoting teacher involvement in school improvement. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Walden University, Minneapolis, MN.
Conger,J.A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of management review,12(3), 471-482.
Creswell, J. W. (2004). Research design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches . Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantita-tive, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cross, R. (1988). School-based management. In R. A. Gonton, G. T. Schneider, & J. C. Fisher (Eds.), Encyclopedia of school administration & supervision (pp. 229-230). Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press.
Davis, M. W. (2009). Distributed leadership and school performance. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C.
Dunlap, D. M., & Goldman, P. (1991). Rethinking power in schools. Educational Administration Quarterly, 27(1), 5-29.
Estes, K. R. II. (2009). An analysis of the relationship between high school principals' perception of teacher leadership behaviors and school performance. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX.
Fennell, H. (1999). Power in the principalship: for women's experiences. Journal of Educational Administration, 37(1), 23-49.
Frost, D. (2008). 'Teacher leadership': Values and voice. School Leadership & Management, 28(4), 27-57.
Galland, C. (2008). Effective teacher leadership: A quantitative study of the relationship between school structures and effective teacher leaders. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO.
Hargreaves, A. (1994). Changing teachers: Changing times. London: Cassel.
Harris, A. (2003). Teacher leadership--Improvement through empowerment: An overview of the literature. Educational Management & Administration, 31(4), 98-104.
Harris, A. (2005). Teacher leadership: More than just a feel good factor? Paper presented at American Education Research Association Conference, Montreal, Quebec.
Harris, A., & Muijs, D. (2003). Teacher leadership and school improvement. Education Review, 16(2), 39-42.
Heller, M. J., & Firestone, W.A. (1995). Who's in charge here? Sources of leadership for change in eight schools. The Elementary School Journal, 96, 68-56.
Hinchey, P. H. (1997). Teacher leadership: Introduction. The Clearing House, 70(5), 76-98.
Howey, K. R. (1988). Why Teacher Leadership? Journal of Teacher Education, 39(1), 21-27.
Jaimes, I. J. (2009). Distributed leadership practices in schools: Effect on the development of teacher leadership. A case study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Southern California, University Park Campus, LA.
Katzenmeyer, M., & Moller, G. (2001). Awakening the sleeping giant: Helping teachers develop as leaders (2nd ed.) . Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Kuryz, S. (2009). Teacher leadership. Retrieved MAY 20, 2010, from http://www.jstor.org/pss/20439932
Leithwood, K., & Jantzi, D. (1999). Distributed leadership and student engagement in school.
Lieberman, A., Saxl, E. R., & Miles, M. B. (1988). Teacher leadership: Ideology and practice. In A. Lieberman (Ed.), Building a professional culture in schools (pp. 148-166). New York: Teachers College Press.
Lincoln, Y., & Guba, E. Naturalistic inquiry. New York: Sage.
Mangin, M. M. (2007). Facilitating elementary principals' support for instructional teacher leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 43(3), 45-98.
Marsh, D.D. (2000). Education leadership for the twenty-first century: Integrating three essential perspectives. In M. G. Fullan (Ed.), Educational leadership (pp.229-230). San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass.
Marshall, C., & Scribner, J. D. (1991). “It's all political.” Inquiry into the micropolitics of education. Education and Urban Society, 23(4), 347-355.
Mathew, J. (2008). Examining the relationship between secondary school head teachers' leadership and teachers' satisfaction in Kerala, India. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.
Muijs, D., & Harris, A. (2006). Teacher led school improvement : Teacher leadership in the UK. Teaching and Teacher Education, 22(8), 961-972.
Murphy, J., & Hallinger, P. (1993). Restructuring schooling: Learning from ongoing efforts. Newbury Park, CA: Corwin Press.
Patterson, J. (2009). From isolation to collaboration: Promoting teacher leadership through PLCs. Childhood Education, 86(2), 22-56.
Prawat, R. S. (1991). Conversations with self and settings: A framework for thinking about teacher empowerment. American Educational Research Journal, 28, 737-757.
Reitzug. (1994). A case study of empowering principal behavior. American Educational Research Journal, 31(2), 283-307.
Rice, V. V. (2009). Teacher leadership: Providing needed support to improve teacher retention. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.
Rizvi, M., & Elliot, B. (2005). Teacher’s perceptions of their professionalism in government primary in Karachi, Parkistan. Asia-Pacific Fournal of Teacher Education, 33, 35-52.
Rutledge, L. (2009). Teacher leadership and school improvement: A case study of teachers participating in the Teacher Leadership Network with a regional education service center. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Texas State University - San Marcos, San Marcos, TX.
Sergiovanni, T. J. (1991). The Principalship: A reflective perspective (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Short, P. M., & Greer, J. T. (1997). Leadership in empowered schools: Themes from innovative efforts. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Sickler, J. A. (1998). Teachers in charge: empowering the professionals. Phi Delta Kappa, 69(5), 354-356.
Snell, J., & Swanson, J. (2000). The essential knowledge and skills of teacher leaders: A search for a conceptual framework. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA.
Spreitzer, G. M. (1996). Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 383-504.
Srivastava, A. (2006). Empowering leadership in management teams: Effects on knowledge sharing, efficacy and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 49(6), 1239-1251
Thornton, H. J. (2010). Excellent teachers leading the way: How to cultivate teacher leadership. Middle School Journal, 41(4), 4-23.
Wasley, P. A. (1991). Teachers who lead: The rhetoric of reform and the realities of practice. New York: Teachers College Press.
White, P. A. (1992) . Teacher empowerment under “ideal” school-site autonomy. Educational evaluation, 14(1), 69-83.
Xie, D. (2008). A study of teacher leadership and its relationship with school climate in American public schools: Findings from SASS 2003--2004. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI.
York-Barr, J., & Duke, K. (2004). What do we know about teacher leadership? Findings from two decades of scholarship. Review of educational research, 74 (3), 255-316.
Zhang, X. (2010). Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: The influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. The Academy of Management Journal 53(1), 107 - 128