本研究旨在探討不同性質、地區學校的男、女生之機械製圖科三年級學生在「空間能力量表」及「展開圖學習成就量表」表現之差異，並進一步探討兩者間之相關性。
本研究採用描述研究方法，並透過「空間能力量表」及「展開圖學習成就量表」等測量工具，蒐集高工機械製圖科學生的空間能力及展開圖學習成就表現，及其間之相關等資料。
本研究以台灣省、台北市及高雄市之高工設有機械製圖科的28所學校中，抽取27.4%共九所學校之機械製圖科學生共616名為研究對象，回收有效卷共608份，回收率98.7%。
本研究研究獲得之資料以：獨立樣本平均數（t考驗）、單因子變異數分析（F考驗）、薛費事後比較及Pearson積差相關等統計方式進行分析。研究所得之結論如下：
壹、不同背景因素之學生在「空間能力量表」表現之差異情形
一、公立學校學生在「空間能力量表」之表現優於私立學校學生之表現。
二、北部地區學校學生在「空間能力量表」之表現優於中、南部地區學校學生之表現。
三、男生在「空間能力量表」之表現優於女生之表現。
貳、不同背景因素之學生在「展開圖學習成就量表」表現之差異情形
一、公立學校學生在「展開圖學習成就量表」之表現優於私立學校學生之表現。
二、中部地區學校學生在「展開圖學習成就量表」之表現優於北、南及東部地區學校學生之表現。
三、男生在「展開圖學習成就量表」之表現優於女生之表現。
參、學生在「展開圖學習成就量表」及「空間能力量表」之表現存在顯著正相關。
最後綜合上述結論，分別從教師個人、學校行政、教育行政主管單位及後續研究等四方面，提出具體建議。

This study explored the relationship between the performances of Spatial Ability Scale (SAS) and Development Drawing Achievement Scale (DDAS) with the factors of the school types (public and private), school locations (north, west, south and east), and student sex (male and female).
The descriptive research methodology was used. The performances of 'Spatial Ability Scale' and 'Development Drawing Achievement Scale' were used as research instruments in this study.
The samples consisted of 616 students on the third grade at 9 technical high schools (27.4% of 28 technical high schools with Mechanical Drawing in Taiwan). There were 608 effective questionnaires, and the effective return rate was 98.7%.
Data about Engineering Drawing's students' performances of spatial ability and achievement of development drawing were gathered. Data in this study were analyzed by mean value, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Sheffe's posteriori comparison and product-moment correlation. The main findings were as followed:
1. The differences of students' performance in Spatial Ability Scale(SAS).
A. Public school students' performance in SAS had significantly higher than private school students'.
B. North school students' performance in SAS had significantly higher than west and south school students'.
C. Male students' performance in SAS had significantly higher than female.
2. The differences of students' performance in Development Drawing Achievement Scale (DDAS).
A. Public school students' performance in DDAS had significantly higher than private school students'.
B. West school students' performance in DDAS had significantly higher than north, south and east school students'.
C. Male students' performance in DDAS had significantly higher than female.
3. Students' performances between SAS and DDAS had a significantly correlation.
Finally, based on the conclusion above, this study provided several concrete suggestions for reference to teachers, schools, educational administration, and afterward researcher.

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