本研究以遊憩專門化理論為架構，探討戶外遊憩專門化對環境態度和環境行為的影響關係，並以戶外攀岩為主題，設計與戶外攀岩活動相關的特定「環境衝擊態度」和「低環境衝擊行為」作為本研究環境態度和行為的測量，研究對象為臺灣龍洞戶外攀岩場的攀岩者，採用便利和立意抽樣的方式，總共收集388份有效問卷，事後以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、相關分析、迴歸分析、路徑分析等研究方法進行資料分析。
本研究結果發現戶外攀岩專門化當中的認知、行為、情感構面之間具有顯著的正向相關性，而戶外遊憩專門化對環境態度具有顯著負向相關性、對環境行為有顯著正向相關性，環境態度與環境行為之間沒有顯著相關；本研究進一步發現戶外遊憩專門化的情感構面對環境態度和環境行為皆有較佳的預測力。
根據研究發現，戶外攀岩者的環境行為平均得分偏高，且在專業程度的分類之間沒有顯著差異性，又專門化程度能夠有效預測環境行為，顯示透過戶外遊憩活動的參與能夠提升環境教育倡導的環境行為目標。

The study is based on the theory of recreation specialization, which the aim is to be discussed the relationships between outdoor recreation specialization and environmental attitude and behavior. It took rock climbing as a case study, and designed specific “attitude of environmental impact” and “behavior of low-environmental impact” to measuring environmental attitude and behavior in the study, while the respondents would be the rock climbers at Long Dong, one of the Taiwan’s outdoor rock climbing areas. Convenience and purposive samplings have been conveyed to comply as one of the sampling methods, and the study has collected 388 valid questionnaires for data analysis. The data have been analyzed by statistical methods as following descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and path analysis.
The study has been found out that the dimensions of cognitive, behavioral, and affective trends in outdoor recreation specialization of rock climbing have turned positive relationships; the outdoor recreation specialization has turned a significantly negative relationship with environmental attitude, while it has led a significantly positive relationship with environmental behavior. Environmental attitude has turned no significant relationship with environmental behavior. This study has further detected that the affective dimension of outdoor recreation specialization has a better predictive capability in the face of environmental attitude and behavior.
According to this study, the outdoor rock climbers got a high level scores in environmental behavior, and there is no significant difference in the classification of specialization. Further more, the specialization has a predictive ability to environmental behavior; it demonstrates that participation in outdoor recreation activities can be enhanced environmental behavioral goals advocated by environmental education.

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