中文摘要 本論文的目的是探討臺灣淡水紅樹林北方呼喚招潮蟹的
生殖周期及生殖生理。於生殖活躍期( 3-8月)，雌蟹有百分之八十以上抱
卵(孵卵)，於非生殖活躍期(10-12月)雌蟹均不抱卵。於生殖活躍期，多
次於大潮期及小潮期採集雌蟹，依雌蟹所抱之卵(胚胎)呈黃色、棕色及黑
色三類。與不抱卵蟹共分為四類，大約各佔捕獲抱卵蟹總數的四分之一。
在抱棕色卵雌蟹中，其色度也可分為淺、中及深棕色，色度深者代表胚胎
發育期較接近孵化期。因此，北方呼喚招潮蟹的排卵及釋放幼體，並非同
步，也不一定在大潮期或小潮期進行。經飼養抱有各色卵的雌蟹，得知其
孵卵時間為 15-20天，推測其生殖周期約為20天。非生殖活躍期雌蟹的性
腺體重值約為生殖活躍期的二分之一，表示卵巢仍在發育階段，不過生長
緩慢。於生殖活躍期，抱黑卵蟹卵巢中蛋白質和脂肪含量最多，抱棕色者
次之，抱黃色者最少，不抱卵蟹的含量則不一致。肝胰臟中蛋白質的含量
在全年之中，以生殖活躍期較多(96.2-161.9 mg/gof hepatopancreas)，
非生殖活躍期較少(68.57-89.9mg/g of hepatopancreas)，至於肝胰臟中
脂肪的含量在全年中則無顯著差異(p>0.05)。但是生殖活躍期中，則以抱
黑卵蟹肝胰臟中脂肪含量較多(102.8-346.3 mg/g ofhepatopancreas)，
而抱黃卵蟹者較少(61.3-160.8 mg/gof hepatopancreas)。 經 RIA的
分析，雌蟹血淋巴中可測到類助孕酮。血淋巴中類助孕酮的含量在生殖活
躍期時(0.121-0.464 ng/gof wbw)，比非生殖活躍期(0.051-0.086 ng/g
of wbw)為高。雌蟹的卵巢、肝胰臟及血淋巴經純化後，由 HPLC 及 RIA
的分析，三種組織中均可測到類助孕酮。血淋巴中類助孕酮含量較
少(0.003-0.520 ng/g of wbw)。肝胰臟中的含量則很不一致(2.40-54.00
ng/g of hepatopancreas)。卵巢中，則以抱黃卵蟹卵巢中類助孕酮的含
量最高(0.117-0.520 ng/g of ovary)，抱棕色者次之(0.067-0.361 ng/g
of ovary)，抱黑色者最少(0.003-0.071ng/g of ovary)。調控甲殼類動
物的各種激素，包括類助孕酮，在本論文中有所討論。

ABSTRACT The purpose of this work is to find out the
reproductivephysiology of female Uca vocans borealis in the
Tanshui Mangrove Swamp of Northern Taiwan. In reproductive
season(March-August), more than eighty percent of the female Uca
vocans borealis collected in the Tanshui mangrove swamp of
northern Taiwan were found to carry eggs. On the contrary, no
eggcarrying crabs were found in nonreproductive season (October-
December).Females collected either on springtide or neaptide,
were tentatively categorizedin four groups:carried yellow,
brown, black eggs and noneggcarrying. Each category contributed
about 25%. Different developing stages of embryo were foundamong
crabs carried brown eggs. The embryos of crabs carried black
eggs nearly reached hatching stage. Therefore, it is suggested
that the spwaning and releasing of Uca vocans borealis is not
synchronized and not correlated to the tide. The incubation time
of the carried eggs was 15-20 days according to the record of
the raised crabs on the field and in the laboratory. It is
estimatedthat the reproductive cycle of Uca vocans borealis is
about 20 days. The GSI offemales of the nonreproductive season
was about a half of that of the reproductive season.The ovaries
of crab carried black eggs contained more protien and fat.
(107.3-187.4 ng/g of ovary;312.3-377.2 ng/g of ovary). The
protein content of hepatancreas of crab carried brown eggs did
not show sibnificant variation(p>0.05) during the reproductive
season. However, the crabsof nonreproductive season contained
less protein (68.57-89.9mg/g of hepatopancreas), and
nonreproductive season contained similar amounts of fat.During
reproductive, the hepatopancreas of crab carried black eggs
contained more protein and fat(102.8-148.7 mg/g of
hepatopancreas ; 102.8-346.3 mg/g ofhepatopancreas) than those
crabs carried brown or yellow eggs.The progesterone-like
substance was detected in the hemolymph of the female crabs. The
hemolymphic progesterone-like substance levels of the
nonreproductive season(0.051-0.086 ng/g of wbw) were lower than
that of reproductive season (0.121-0.464 ng/g of wbw). The
progesterone-like substance was also detested by HPLC and RIA in
the purified steroid residues of ovary, hepatopancreas and
hemolymph.The hemolymph contained least amout of progesterone-
like substance (0.003-0.520ng/g of wbw). Among ovaries, crab
carried yellow eggs had more progesterone-
likesubstance(0.117-0.521 ng/g of ovary) than crab carried
brown eggs(0.067-0.361 ng/g of ovary). The ovaries of crab
carried black eggs had least amount (0.003-0.071 ng/g of ovary).
The function of hormones of crustaceans, including
theprogesterone-like substance of Uca vocans borealis,
isdiscussed in this work.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this work is to find out the