研究生: |
羅翊芸 Luo, Yi-Yun |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
因為山就在那裡:登山者的療癒經驗與生命意義 Because It's There: The Healing Experience and the Meaning of Life from Mountaineers |
指導教授: |
田秀蘭
Tien, Hsiu-Lan |
口試委員: |
田秀蘭
Tien, Hsiu-Lan 王玉珍 Wang, Yu-Chen 朱惠瓊 Chu, Hui-Chuang |
口試日期: | 2024/07/12 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
教育心理與輔導學系碩士在職專班 Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling_Continuing Education Master's Program of Educational Psychology and Counseling |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 130 |
中文關鍵詞: | 登山活動 、登山者 、療癒 、生命意義 、現象學 |
英文關鍵詞: | mountaineering, mountaineers, healing, meaning of life, phenomenology |
研究方法: | 現象學 、 深度訪談法 、 半結構式訪談法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202400966 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:301 下載:10 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
臺灣是一個多山的美麗島嶼,自國內對於新冠肺炎的政策鬆綁後,重新開放山林的同時也帶來更多的登山人潮;而在山岳文學與電影中,也可以看見山所帶來的力量,使許多登山者們產生豐盛的內心感受。回顧過去相關研究,登山是一項需要親身經歷且具一定風險的戶外活動,然而卻也在個人的心理層面上帶來許多療癒與效益,同時也成為了登山者直面生命的契機。因此,本研究旨在了解登山者的療癒經驗與生命意義,採質性研究之現象學研究法,以立意取樣的方式篩選八位登山者進行半結構式的深度訪談。
研究結果發現,登山者的療癒因子來自大自然及人際兩個層面;透過與大自然及人際的互動,使登山者能在山行之中能夠產生以下療癒經驗與生命意義:(一)自我覺察:登山者能藉由登山覺察個人身心狀況、優勢與劣勢、價值觀及自我需求,並學習接納、調適、澄清與立下界線。(二)自我價值:登山者能在登山歷程中看見自我價值、給予自我肯定及自信。(三)抽離與充電:進入山林的特殊處境能使登山者與日常生活暫時保持距離,使之更有力量面對難題及壓力。(四)自由:登山者在登山過程中享受掌握生活步調的自由,並開始反思社會框架與自己的關係。(五)孤獨的狀態與專注當下:登山的過程使登山者有機會意識到個體的孤獨並將注意力回到自己身上。
登山者的療癒經驗帶來不同的生命意義,也對登山者的生命有所影響。透過山,登山者的生命閱歷隨之豐厚,對土地及登山運動也更加認同;另外,登山者也從山行中學習轉念與轉化,能用更彈性的視角去面對事物,同時也更珍視自我的生命。最後,萬物生命的珍貴也使登山者做出行動,不僅在山行中持續實踐愛護大自然的理念,同時也企圖用生命影響生命,成為善的循環的一分子。
Taiwan is a beautiful island with many mountains. Since the authorities eventually lifted COVID-19 restrictions, the number of mountaineers has increased. The power of mountains and the inner experiences of mountaineers are always depicted in literature and films. Previous studies indicate that mountaineering is an outdoor activity that requires firsthand experience and involves certain risks; however, it also brings healing experiences, psychological benefits, and provides a chance to face the life of a mountaineer. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore mountaineers' healing experiences and the meaning of life through phenomenological qualitative research, using purposive sampling in semi-structured in-depth interviews with 8 mountaineers.
The results showed that mountaineers' healing factors come from two aspects: nature and interpersonal relationships. By interacting with nature and others during mountain journeys, mountaineers are able to have healing experiences and find meaning of life: (1) Self-awareness: Mountaineers become aware of their physical and mental conditions, strengths and weaknesses, values, and needs. They learn about acceptance, adaptability, clarification, and setting boundaries. (2) Self-worth: Mountaineers can recognize their self-worth, affirm themselves, and gain confidence. (3) Detachment and recharging: Being in the mountains allows mountaineers to create distance from their daily lives, giving them strength to face challenges and pressures. (4) Freedom: Mountaineers enjoy the freedom of pace in the mountains and begin reflecting on the social frameworks in their lives. (5) Solitude and mindfulness: Mountaineers are able to experience solitude and focus on themselves.
Mountaineers' healing experiences bring a different meaning to their lives and influence them. Their life experiences become enriched, leading to a deeper connection to the land and mountaineering. Additionally, mountaineers also become more flexible and cherish their own lives. Finally, the preciousness of life motivates climbers to take actions, not only continuously practicing the idea during mountaineering but also striving to influence others, becoming a part of the cycle of kindness.
Corey, G.(2024):《諮商與心理治療:理論與實務(第4版)》(修慧蘭、鄭玄藏、余振民、王淳弘譯)。雙葉書廊。(原著出版年:1977)
Creswell, J. W.(2015):《研究設計:質性、量化及混合方法取向(第二版)》(林正昌主譯)。學富文化。(原著出版年:2014)
Frankl, V. E.(2008):《活出意義來》(趙可式、沈錦惠譯)。光啟文化。(原著出版年:1946)
Hellinger, B.(2015):《療癒之道》(舒恩譯)。海寧格機構。(原著出版年:2011)
Koch, P.(1997):《孤獨》(梁永安譯)。立緒文化。(原著出版年:1994)
Yalom, I. D.(2003):《存在心理治療(上)》(易之新譯)。張老師文化。(原著出版年:1980)
上原巖(2013):《療癒之森:進入森林療法的世界》(姚巧梅譯)。張老師文化。 (原著出版年:1955)
文崇一、楊國樞(2000):《社會及行為科學研究法下冊》。東華。
王文科、王智弘(2010):〈質的研究的信度和效度〉。《彰化師大教育學報》,17,29–50。
方寶玉(2016):《單身樂齡人士的生命歷程與意義》(未出版碩士論文),國立暨南國際大學。
白家瑞(2018):《老年人生命意義之敘說研究》(未出版 碩士論文),國立臺灣師範大學。
石明宗(2005):《山難經驗:一個運動與宗教觀點的考察》(未出版博士論文),國立臺灣師範大學。
任依島、李玫萱(2024):《淚腺壞掉》。游擊文化。
余家斌、趙彥琛、陳薇如(2015):〈森林環境對生心理狀態效益之研究〉。《中華林學季刊》,48(4),363–375。
何姍姍、謝智謀(2021):〈從冒險運動中找到自我認同— 以三位衝浪者為例〉。《運動與遊憩評論》,9,69–94。
何瑞珠、張穎珊(2021):〈探問青年生命意義的來源—以自助攝影(Auto-photography)及照片引談(Photo-elicitation)為進路〉。《教育學報》,49(1),143–166。
阮璟雅(2018):〈從存在主義治療觀點探討登山的心理助益〉。《諮商與輔導》,395,37–41。
汪荷清(2003):《國家步道系統設計規範》。行政院農委會林務局。
吳崇旗、謝智謀(2006):〈探討戶外冒險教育的效益〉。《中華體育季刊》,20 (3),43–53。https://doi.org/10.6223/qcpe.2003.200609.1506
吳崇旗、翁綾君、吳惠瑩(2010):〈冒險教育體驗營對青少年自我實現與人際關係之影響研究〉。《休閒研究》,1(4),1–18。https://doi.org/10.29518/LS.201006.0003
吳啟誠、張瓊云(2020):〈主題分析在教育研究上的應用〉。《特殊教育發展期刊》,69,29–42。https://doi.org/10.7034/DSE.202006_(69).0003
李宗諭、葉思妤(2018):〈冒險體驗中的完形經驗—以一位親職化個案為例〉。《輔導季刊》,54(4),54–63。
李美涼、林乙華(2002):《南美攀登記》。大塊文化。
李維倫(2004):〈以「置身所在」做為心理學研究的目標現象及其相關之方法論〉。《應用心理研究》,22,157–200。
李維倫、賴憶嫺(2009):〈現象學方法論:存在行動的投入〉。《中華輔導與諮商學報》,25,275–321。
李曉蓉(2018):〈登山者心理技能的發展與實踐之敘說探究〉。《體驗教育學報》,11,107–139。
杜欣怡﹙2017):《冒險教育引導員面對課程帶領的困難情境之經驗敘說》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺北教育大學。
呂宛蓁、胡丞筑、胡林煥(2020):〈與使命感同行:體育教師生涯適應與生命意義感〉。《大專體育學刊》,22(4),300–315。https://doi.org/10.6783/JAAEE.200712.0004
林一真(2016):《森林益康:森林療癒的神奇力量》。心靈工坊。
林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花(2005):〈質性研究方法:訪談模式與實施步驟分析〉。《身心障礙研究季刊》,3(2),122–136。https://doi.org/10.30072/JDR.200506.0005
林金龍(2009):〈與生命對話—為何登山〉。《運動文學》,5,40–42。https://doi.org/10.29878/SL.200906.0025
林易潔(2014):〈登山者的死亡哲學—以聖母峰攀登者為例〉。《海峽兩岸體育研究學報》,8(2),1–7。
林家民(2017):《森林療癒對中高齡與高齡者健康效益之研究》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺灣大學。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201600268
林家民、余家斌、袁孝維、林一真、曾煥鵬(2017):〈森林療癒場域評估指標之建立與國家森林遊樂區示範場域選定〉。《臺灣林業》,43(6),10–15。
林雅慧(2007):《世界宗教博物館志工之生命意義觀點轉化學習研究》(未出版碩士論文),國立暨南國際大學。
林經富、劉秀端、林經鈞(2008):〈郊山登山者之動機、體驗與利益之調查研究〉。《臺灣體育運動管理學報》,6,81–98。https:// doi.org/10.6547/tassm.2008.0006
林綺雲、王喧、闕怡雯(2021):〈從意義治療到意義中心的諮商與治療〉。《諮商與輔導》,428 ,49–52+17。
林鳳榆(2003):《佛教生死服務志願工作者之生命意義追求歷程》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺灣師範大學。
周珮祺(2008):《瀕死照顧者之經驗學習及其生命意義之探討—以「印度垂死之家」臺灣志工為例》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺灣師範大學。
邱壬貞(2019):《山友死亡山難的心理經驗與後續人際處境:現象學心理學觀點》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺灣大學。
凃宏明、陳惠美、何昶鴛(2017):〈持續性涉入對休閒活動態度與行為是中介或干擾效果?—以園藝活動為例〉。《戶外遊憩研究》,30(4),65–94。https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.2017.30(4)3
洪瑋蔓、謝智謀(2011):〈獨處在戶外冒險教育的應用與效益〉。《體驗教育學報》,5,1–11。https:// doi.org/10.6783/JAAEE.201112.0001
洪慧檣(2009):〈我,在山裡,看見自己—台灣生態登山學校志工有感〉。《學校體育》,112,65–68。https://doi.org/10.29937/PES.200906.0011
徐嘉禧、蔡文榮(2018):〈臺中市國民中學學生對生命意義的認知〉。《教育科學期刊》,17(1),1–36。
莊珮琪(2016):〈登高望遠:另一種「通過」的詮釋〉。《體育學報》,49(1),107–118。https://doi.org/10.3966/102472972016034901008
張元植(2020年2月15日):〈登山中的死亡,對生命的凝視〉。報導者。https://www.twreporter.org/a/saturday-features-mountain-climbing-about-death
張帆(2019):《高齡者的生活滿意度和生命意義感關係—知覺子女可安全依附和未來時間觀的調節作用》(未出版博士論文),國立臺灣大學。
張孝銘(2006):〈遊客登山冒險遊憩參與行為模式之研究—以台中縣鳶嘴山為實證〉。《運動休閒管理學報》,3(2),50–62。https:// doi.org/10.6214/JSRM.200612_3(2).0004
張昀、謝智謀(2009):〈探險,最能建立性格的力量—戶外冒險教育與復原力〉。《體驗教育學報》,3,1–12。https:// doi.org/10.6783/JAAEE.200912.0001
張春興(2007):《教育心理學—三化取向的理論與實踐》。東華。
張淑美(2022):〈超越苦難與修養成熟幸福的「正向心理學2.0」及其倡導者Dr. Paul Wong簡介〉。《正向心理:諮商與教育》,1,25–37。https://doi.org/10.30099/PPCE.202206_(1).0002
張蕙芳(2000):《逃離與追尋—登山的社會學研究》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺灣大學。
張嚴仁、石明宗(2004):〈由海德格思想探討登山意義的形成〉。《大專體育》,72,76–80。https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2004.72.14
陳向明(2024):《社會科學質的研究(2版)》。五南。
陳貞秀(2005):《山花嫁》。野人。
陳慧玲、林安庭(2013):〈登山運動參與者涉入程度、流暢體驗與幸福感之相關研究〉。《臺灣體育運動管理學報》,11(1),25–50。https:// doi.org/10.6547/tassm.2011.0002
陳泓聿(2022年7月3日):〈走在山林裡就像回家。ft.江秀真(上)〉。戶外人說說:Outdoorsman Talk。https://open.firstory.me/story/cl54fxszd099u01t900n94qq5/platforms
許育光(2008):〈在自然環境、信賴關係中冒險與重構自我—運用“探索諮商”於兒童青少年心理工作〉。《諮商與輔導》,273,47–52。https://0-doi-org.opac.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/10.29837/CG.200809.0018
登山活動應注意事項(2020年4月20日)。https://edu.law.moe.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=GL001983
鈕文英(2013):《研究方法與論文寫作(二版)》。雙葉書廊。
鈕文英(2023):《質性研究方法與論文寫作(四版)》。雙葉書廊。
黃于庭(2009):〈登山健行者休閒涉入對心理承諾之影響〉。《運動與遊憩研究》,3(3),63–79。https:// doi.org/10.29423/JSRR.200903_3(3).0005
黃麗螢(2007):《越過生命的那一座山――女性的登山體驗與登山對其生命經驗的影響》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺灣大學。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.01563
費郁雱(2021):《出走,找尋自我:從背包客旅行經驗探討生命意義》(未出版碩士論文),國立臺灣師範大學。https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202200021
臺中市登山活動管理自治條例(2016年11月24日)。https://lawsearch.taichung.gov.tw/GLRSout/LawContent.aspx?id=GL003013
歐宗明(2012):〈登山經驗的現象學探索――在身與心之間〉。《運動文化研究》,21,37–67。https:// doi.org/10.29818/SS.201212.0002
歐雙磐、侯錦雄(2007):〈登山者遊憩專門化與登山類型偏好〉。《戶外遊憩研究》。20(4),51–74。https:// doi.org/10.6130/JORS.2007.20(4)3
劉柏青、邱遠(2007):〈登山鍛煉對大學生體質、心理素質和心理健康水準的影響〉。《中國組織工程研究與臨床康復》。11(30),6006–6009。
劉翔平(2001):《尋找生命的意義:弗蘭克的意義治療學說》。貓頭鷹。
潘淑滿(2022):《質性研究:理論與應用》。心理。
鄭安睎、陳永龍(2003):《臺灣登山史.總論》。內政部營建署。
鄭峰茂(2010):〈遊憩動機、持續性涉入及遊後行爲關係之研究—以高山登山者爲例〉。《休閒運動健康評論》。1(2),100–119。https:// doi.org/10.29503/RLSH.201006.0007
蕭振邦(2006):〈TOCHING THE VOID的登山哲學反省〉。《鵝湖月刊》,373,47–60。https://doi.org/10.29652/LM.200607.0010
蕭瑞麟(2020):《不用數字的研究:質性研究的思辯脈絡(5版)》。五南。
謝智謀(2005):〈冒險治療〉。《國立體育學院論叢》,3,193– 204。https:// doi.org/10.6591/JPES.2005.12.15
謝智謀(2010):〈以戶外冒險教育爲本的登山課程對復原力之影響〉。《體育學報》,43(3),127–146。
羅宏(無日期):〈認識台灣的登山健行活動〉。台灣山林悠遊網。https://recreation.forest.gov.tw/Service/Data
警政署(2017):〈歷年申請進入山地管制區統計資料〉。政府資料開放平臺。https://data.gov.tw/dataset/57021
Alvarez, A. G., & Stauffer, G. A. (2001). Musings on adventure therapy. Journal of Experiential Education, 24(2), 85–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/105382590102400205
Barlow, M., Woodman, T., & Hardy, L. (2013). Great expectations: Different high-risk activities satisfy different motives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105(3), 458–475. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033542
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In H. Cooper, P. M. Camic, D. L. Long, A. T. Panter, D. Rindskopf, & K. J. Sher (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol. 2. research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13620-004
Brymer, E. (2005). Extreme dude! a phenomenological perspective on the extreme sport experience [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Wollongong.
Brymer, E., & Schweitzer, R. D. (2017). Evoking the ineffable: The phenomenology of extreme sports. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 4(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000111
Bugental, J. F. T. (1965). The search for authenticity: An existential-analytic approach to psychotherapy. Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Castanier, C., Le Scanff, C., & Woodman, T. (2011). Mountaineering as affect regulation: The moderating role of self-regulation strategies. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 24(1), 75–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615801003774210
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications .
Epstein, I. (2004). Adventure therapy: A mental health promotion strategy in pediatric Oncology. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing, 21(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043454203262684.
Gass, M. A. (Ed.). (1993). Adventure therapy: Therapeutic applications of adventure programming. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.
Giorgi, A. (1999). A phenomenological perspective on some phenomenographic results on learning. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 30(2), 68–93. https://doi.org/10.1163/156916299X00110
Giorgi, A. (2000). The similarities and differences between descriptive and interpretative methods in scientific phenomenological psychology. In B. Gupta (Ed.), The empirical and the transcendental: A fusion of horizons (pp. 61–75). Rowman & Littlefield.
Goldenberg, M. (2001). Outdoor and riskeducational practices (ED463939). ERIC. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED463939
Guba, E. G. (1990). The alternative paradigm dialog. In E. G. Guba (Ed.), The paradigm dialog (pp. 17–30). SAGE Publications .
Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(1), 1– 25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.006
Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time (J. Macquarrie & E. Robinson, Trans.). Harper & Row. (Original work published 1927)
Huber, D., Freidl, J., Pichler, C., Bischof, M., Kiem, M., Weisböck-Erdheim, R., Squarra, G., Nigris, V., Resnyak, S., Neberich, M., Bordin, S., Zechner, R., & Hartl, A. (2023). Long-term effects of mountain hiking vs. forest therapy on physical and mental health of couples: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021469
Hunt, P., & Daines, B. (2004). Defensive processes enacted through mountaineering and their impact on climbers. British Journal of Psychotherapy, 20(4), 441–452. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0118.2004.tb00162.x
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. Hyperion.
Kim, Y., Choi, Y., & Kim, H. (2022). Positive effects on emotional stress and sleep quality of forest healing program for exhausted medical workers during the COVID-19 outbreak. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19053130
Kimball, R. O., & Bacon, S. B. (1993). The wilderness challenge model. In M. A. Gass (Ed.), Adventure therapy: Therapeutic applications of adventure programming (pp. 213– 218). Kendall/Hunt.
Kyle, G., & Chick, G. (2004). Enduring leisure involvement: The importance of personal relationships. Leisure Studies, 23(3), 243–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/0261436042000251996
Lester, J. (2004). Spirit, identify and self in mountaineering. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 44(1), 86–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167803257111
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Loewenstein, G. (1999). Because it is there: The challenge of mountaineering... for utility theory. Kyklos, 52(3), 315–343. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.1999.tb00221.x
Minichiello, V., Aroni, R., Timewell, E., & Alexander, L. (1995). In-depth interviewing: Principles, techniques, analysis. Longman Cheshire.
Priest, S. (1999). The semantics of adventure programming. In J. C. Miles & S. Priest (Eds.), Adventure programming (pp. 111–114). Venture Publishing.
Pringle, G., Boddy, J., Slattery, M., & Harris, P. (2022). Adventure therapy for adolescents with complex trauma: A scoping review and analysis. Journal of Experiential Education, 46(4), 433–454. https://doi.org/10.1177/10538259221147195
Rogers, C. R. (1951). Where are we going in clinical psychology? Journal of Consulting Psychology, 15(3), 171–177. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0059653
Rogers, C. R. (1957). Becoming a p erson. In S. Doniger (Ed.), Healing: Human and divine: Man's search for health and wholeness through science, faith, and prayer (pp. 57–67). Association Press. https://doi.org/10.1037/10811-003
Rossman, G., & Rallis, S. (2017). An introduction to qualitative research. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071802694
Russell, K. C., Gillis, H. L. (L.), & Kivlighan, D. M., Jr. (2017). Process factors explaining psycho-social outcomes in adventure therapy. Psychotherapy, 54(3), 273–280. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000131
Sartre, J.-P. (1956). Being and nothingness: An essay on phenomenological ontology (H. E. Barnes, Trans.). Philosophical Library. (Original work published 1943)
Seligman, M. (2018). PERMA and the building blocks of well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(4), 333–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2018.1437466
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.5
Strayed, C. (2012). Wild: From lost to found on the Pacific Crest Trail. Alfred A. Knopf.
Tucker, A. R., & Norton, C. L. (2013). The use of adventure therapy techniques by clinical social workers: Implications for practice and training. Clinical Social Work Journal, 41(4), 333–343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-012-0411-4
Wong, P. T. P. (2011). Positive psychology 2.0: Towards a balanced interactive model of the good life. Canadian Psychology / Psychologie Canadienne, 52(2), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022511
Wong, P. (2012). From logotherapy to meaning-centered counseling and therapy. In P. T. P. Wong (Ed.), The human quest for meaning: Theories, research, and applications (2nd ed., pp. 619–647). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Wren, C. S. (May 5, 1999). A body on mt. everest, a mystery half-solved. The New York Times. Section A, 1. https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/05/world/a-body-on-mt-everest-a-mystery-half-solved.html
Vankanegan, C., Tucker, A. R., Mcmillion, P., Gass, M., & Spencer, L. (2019). Adventure therapy and its impact on the functioning of youth in a community setting. Social Work with Groups, 42(2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/01609513.2018.1478761