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研究生：	林錦良 Lin, Jin-Liang
論文名稱：	兩性離子型水膠/爐石複合材料的合成和性質研究 Study on the synthesis and properties of an amphoteric hydrogel/Slag composite material.
指導教授：	許貫中 Hsu, Kung-Chung
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	化學系 Department of Chemistry
論文出版年：	2016
畢業學年度：	104
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	102
中文關鍵詞：	兩性離子型、水膠、合成、爐石、砂漿、吸水率、抗壓強度、內部濕度、乾縮
英文關鍵詞：	zwitterionic, hydrogel, synthesis, slag, mortar, water absorbency, compressive strength, internal humidity, drying shrinkage
DOI URL：	https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202205113
論文種類：	學術論文
相關次數：	點閱：178 下載：0
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本論文主要目的為製備兩種兩性離子型的吸水性水膠，Poly(acryl amide-co- sulfobetaine) P(AM/SB) 和Poly(acryl amide-co- sulfobetaine)/ Slag) (P(AM/SB)/SG)，使用FT-IR作結構鑑定，探討單體比例、起始劑或交聯劑劑量、反應溫度和爐石含量對於水膠在各種水溶液下吸水率的影響。
將P(AM/SB)/SG水膠加到水泥漿和水泥砂漿中，作為自養護劑時，探討單體比例和爐石比例含量，對於水泥漿中水泥水化程度、圓盤裂縫和凝結時間的影響；以及對於水泥砂漿水份重量損失、抗壓強度、內部濕度和乾縮量的影響。
實驗結果顯示， P(AM/SB)水膠在純水中的最大吸水率為48.4 g/g，2.0M NaCl(aq) 和2.0M CaCl2(aq) 中的吸水率分別為55.7和61.2 g/g。
將P(AM/SB)/SG水膠加入水泥砂漿中，當水膠劑量為0.2 wt%，粒徑為0.082 mm，和爐石含量為15 wt%時，對水泥砂漿的重量損失、抗壓強度和內部濕度增加、乾縮量減少和水泥漿的圓盤裂縫減低有最佳的提升效果。

關鍵字：兩性離子型、水膠、合成、爐石、砂漿、吸水率、抗壓強度、內部濕度、乾縮。

This thesis has prepared two zwitterionic superabsorbent hydrogels, i.e., Poly(acrylamide-co-sulfobetaine) (P(AM/SB)) and Poly(acrylamide- co-sulfobetaine)/slag (P(AM/SB)/SG). FT-IR was used to identify the functional groups of the hydrogel. The effects of monomer ratio, initiator and crosslinker dosage, and slag content on the water absorbency of the resulted hydrogel in various aqueous solutions were studied and discussed.
P(AM/SB) hydrogel was added into cementitious materials. The effects of monomer ratio and Slag content on the weight loss, compressive strength, internal humidity and drying shrinkage in mortars, and the cracking index in cement pastes were determined and discussed.
The results indicated that the highest water absorbency of all tested hydrogels were 48.4, 49.3 and 53.9 g/g in water, 0.1M NaCl(aq) and 0.1M CaCl2(aq), repectively. P(AM/SB)/SG hydrogel with 0.2 wt% dosage, particle size of 0.082 mm and 15 wt% Slag showed the best performance in cementitious materials. Namely, this polymer could decrease the weight loss and drying shrinkage, and increase the compressive strength and internal humidity in mortars, and reduce the craking formation in cement pastes.

Keywords: zwitterionic, hydrogel, synthesis, slag, mortar, water absorbency, compressive strength, internal humidity, drying shrinkage.

摘要 ............................................................................................................. i
Abstract ..................................................................................................... ii
目錄 ........................................................................................................... iii
圖目錄 ..................................................................................................... viii
表目錄 ...................................................................................................... xii
第一章 緒論............................................................................................... 1
1-1 前言 .................................................................................................. 1
1-2 研究目的 .......................................................................................... 3
1-3 研究內容 .......................................................................................... 3
第二章 文獻回顧 ...................................................................................... 4
2-1 高吸水性水膠簡介 .......................................................................... 4
1. 親水基團對水的親和力 ................................................................ 5
2. 水膠內部與溶液離子滲透壓差 .................................................... 6
3. 水膠的交聯密度 ............................................................................ 7
4. pH效應 .......................................................................................... 7
5. 鹽水溶液效應 ................................................................................ 8
2-2 有機/無機複合水膠簡介 ................................................................. 9
2-3 爐石介紹 ........................................................................................ 10
2-4 水泥 ................................................................................................ 11
2-4-1 波特蘭水泥之組成 ...................................................................... 11
2-4-2 水泥之水化 ................................................................................. 11
2-4-3 水泥漿水份存在形式 ............................................................. 14
2-4-4 混凝土收縮變形的種類 ......................................................... 16
2-5 混凝土的養護 ................................................................................ 18
2-5-1 外部養護(external curing) ....................................................... 18
2-5-2 內部養護(internal curing) ....................................................... 20
2-6水膠在混凝土中作為自養護劑的應用 ......................................... 20
第三章 水膠之合成與試驗 .................................................................... 23
3-1 實驗流程 ........................................................................................ 23
3-2 實驗材料與實驗設備 .................................................................... 24
3-2-1 藥品 .......................................................................................... 24
3-2-2 實驗儀器.................................................................................. 26
3-3 實驗方法 ........................................................................................ 27
3-3-1 P(AM/SB)水膠之合成 ............................................................. 27
3-3-2 P(AM/SB)/SG水膠之合成 ...................................................... 28
3-4 聚合物結構分析與鑑定 ................................................................ 31
3-4-1紅外光(IR)光譜分析 ................................................................ 31
3-4-2核磁共振 (1H-NMR) 光譜分析 ............................................. 31
3-4-3電子顯微鏡 (JSM-6510) 表面結構 ....................................... 31
3-4-4水膠吸水率之測量 .................................................................. 32
3-4-5 水膠在鹽水溶液吸水率 ......................................................... 32
3-4-6 水膠在拌合水中的吸水率 ..................................................... 33
3-4-7 水膠在Pore Solution中的吸水率 ......................................... 33
3-5 添加水膠的水泥漿之性質分析 .................................................... 33
3-5-1 水泥漿試體之拌製 ................................................................. 33
3-5-2 水泥漿凝結時間測試 ............................................................. 35
3-5-3 水泥漿圓盤裂縫測試 ............................................................. 35
3-5-4 粉末X-ray繞射分析儀(XRD) ............................................... 36
3-6 添加水膠的水泥砂漿之性質分析 ................................................ 37
3-6-1 水泥砂漿試體之拌製 ................................................................... 37
3-6-2 水泥砂漿試體重量損失量之測量 ................................................. 38
3-6-3 水泥砂漿體內部濕度之測量 ................................................. 39
3-6-4 水泥砂漿試體抗壓強度之測量 ................................................... 39
3-6-5 水泥砂漿乾燥收縮之測量 ..................................................... 39
第四章 結果與討論 ................................................................................ 41
4-1 聚合物之結構鑑定 ........................................................................ 41
4-1-1單體1H NMR光譜 .................................................................. 41
4-1-2 P(AM/SB) 1H光譜 ................................................................... 41
4-1-3單體紅外光光譜 ...................................................................... 42
4-1-4聚合物IR光譜 ........................................................................ 45
4-1-5水膠表面形態鑑定 .................................................................. 45
4-1-6錠狀水膠吸水前後體積對照 .................................................. 48
4-2 反應條件對P(AM/SB)水膠吸水率之影響 ................................. 49
4-2-1 單體比例對P(AM/SB)水膠吸水率之影響 ........................... 49
4-2-2 起始劑劑量對P(AM/SB)水膠吸水率之影響 ....................... 50
4-2-3 交聯劑劑量對P(AM/SB)水膠吸水率之影響 ....................... 51
4-2-4 反應溫度對P(AM/SB)水膠吸水率之影響 ........................... 53
4-2-5 爐石含量對P(AM/SB)水膠吸水率之影響 ........................... 54
4-2-6 爐石含量對水膠密度之影響 ................................................. 56
4-3 不同吸水環境對P(AM/SB)水膠吸水率之影響 ......................... 57
4-3-1 鹽水溶液濃度對水膠吸水率之影響 ..................................... 57
4-3-2 水膠在pore solution中的吸水率及保水率 .......................... 59
4-3-2-1不同單體比例水膠在pore solution中的吸水率及保水率 59
4-3-2-2不同爐石含量水膠在pore solution中的吸水率及保水率 62
4-3-3 水膠在拌合水中的吸水率 ..................................................... 64
4-4 P(AM/SB)和P(AM/SB)/SG水膠對砂漿性質的影響 .................. 65
4-4-1 水膠單體比例對砂漿重量損失的影響 ................................. 65
4-4-2 水膠之爐石比例對砂漿重量損失的影響 ............................. 68
4-4-3 水膠單體比例對水泥砂漿內部濕度的影響 ......................... 69
4-4-4 水膠之爐石比例對砂漿內部濕度的影響 ............................. 70
4-4-5 水膠單體比例對水泥砂漿抗壓強度的影響 ......................... 71
4-4-6 水膠之爐石比例對砂漿抗壓強度的影響 ............................. 73
4-4-7 水膠單體比例對砂漿乾縮量的影響 ..................................... 74
4-4-8 水膠之爐石比例對水泥砂漿乾縮量的影響 ......................... 76
4-5 P(AM/SB)和P(AM/SB)/SG水膠對水泥漿性質的影響 .............. 78
4-5-1 水膠單體比例對水泥漿凝結時間的影響 ............................. 78
4-5-2 水膠之爐石比例對水泥漿凝結時間的影響 ......................... 79
4-5-3 水膠單體比例對水泥漿試體裂縫的影響 ............................. 80
4-5-4 水膠之爐石比例對水泥漿試體裂縫的影響 ......................... 81
4-5-5水膠單體比例對水泥漿試體水泥水化程度的影響 .............. 83
4-5-6水膠之爐石比例對水泥漿試體水泥水化程度的影響 .......... 86
第五章 結論............................................................................................. 89
第六章 參考文獻 .................................................................................... 91
                                

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