《第五號交響曲》(The Fifth Symphony, 1901-1902年) 是作曲家馬勒(Gustav Mahler, 1860-1911)進入二十世紀的首部交響曲，亦是馬勒由少年魔號時期跨越到呂克特歌曲時期的代表性交響曲。進入《第五號交響曲》，作曲家不僅避開標題，不再包含人聲的部分，同時交響曲與歌曲創作之間的關係，也有了微妙的轉變。從很多方面來看，音樂都與前面階段有所不同，包含像是：更為精緻洗鍊的對法寫作技法，以及清晰的複音織體。此外，創作《第五號交響曲》前後，馬勒認識阿瑪(Alma Maria Schinder, 1879-1964)，並且與她結婚，開啟他生命中一個嶄新的階段。這一連串的事件都標示著《第五號交響曲》背後蘊含特殊的創作背景，也呈現馬勒十幾年交響曲創作生涯中，一個重要的轉變階段。
為深入瞭解這部在馬勒創作生涯中具指標性的交響曲其音樂內涵及創作思維，本論文共分五章，第一章為緒論。第二章探討《第五號交響曲》的創作背景，其中將從幾個部分了解這部作品的背景：(一)研究馬勒創作《第五號交響曲》前後的人生經歷，了解影響此作之外在環境與內在心理因素，突顯「生活與死亡」概念對此作的影響；(二)從《第五號交響曲》標題的摒棄，看馬勒對標題音樂及絕對音樂的思考；(三)了解《第五號交響曲》首演及修改情形。第三章將整理歌曲素材在《第五號交響曲》中的運用情形，了解歌曲在《第五號交響曲》中地位的轉變。第四章將分別探討《第五號交響曲》各樂章，包含結構、主題的分析與創作手法運用情形，並深入探討各樂章值得探究之議題。第五章為結語，歸納《第五號交響曲》創作中呈現之主要手法，並標示出《第五號交響曲》在馬勒交響曲中之地位。

The Fifth Symphony （1901-1902） is the first symphony of the twentieth century composed by Gustav Mahler（1860-1911）. In addition, it is Mahler’s respective work from Wunderhorn Period to Ruckert Period. From this work, the composer abandoned the program. This symphony didn’t contain the voice. The relation between symphonies and songs has made slight changes. As for all aspects, the music is different from that before, including excellent counterpoint writing skills and clear polyphony context. Besides, Mahler met Alma, got married to her and began his new life. A series of events not only represent the particular context of The Fifth Symphony, but also reveal the important changes in Mahler’s writing career.
In order to realize the content of the symphony and the thoughts of the composer, here are five chapters in this thesis. Chapter One is Introduction. Chapter Two inquires about the creation background of the symphony. Based on the work’s context, these opinions are discussed as the followings: (1) Through the inquiry about the life experiences of Mahler, we realize how the environments, the psychological factors, and the concept of life and death influence the work. (2) When Mahler abandoned the program in The Fifth Symphony, what did he think about program music and abstract music? (3) The first performance and revisions of The Fifth Symphony. Chapter Three discusses the use of the songs’ materials in this symphony, so as to realize the shifts of songs’ materials in the symphony. Chapter Four focuses on the masterpiece itself, including the structure, the analyses of themes and the writing methods. Here are deep discussions on some important concerns in this symphony’s every movement as well. Chapter Five is the conclusion, which represents the essential writing method in The Fifth Symphony and the important role of The Fifth Symphony in Mahler’s writing career.

一 中文書籍

白玲夌等著。《發現馬勒》。台北：望春風世界文庫，2004。

李哲洋 編。《名曲解說全集Ⅰ交響曲1》。台北：大陸書店，1982。

音樂之友社 編。《作曲家別名曲解說珍藏版－馬勒》。林勝儀 譯。台北：
美樂出版社，1999。

劉岠渭。《昂然挺立在世紀末日之後馬勒第一號交響曲—巨人》。台北：音
樂時代文化，2005。

Blaukopf, Kurt.《未來的同時代人古斯塔夫‧馬勒》 (Gustav Mahler
oder Der Zeitgenosse der Zukunft)。高中甫 譯。瀋陽：遼寧大
學出版社，2000。

Edward Seckerson.《偉大作曲家群像—馬勒》 (The illustrated
lives of the great composers : Mahler)。白裕承 譯。台北：
智庫文化，1995。

Seckerson, Edward.《偉大作曲家群像—馬勒》 (The illustrated
lives of the great composers : Mahler)。白裕承 譯。台北：
智庫文化，1995。

Vinal, Marc.《馬勒》 (Gustav Mahler)。李哲洋 譯。台北市：大陸書
店，1992。

二 中文期刊

三宅幸夫。〈馬勒的似曾相識〉。李宇光 譯。《全音音樂文摘》第11卷第2
期 (1987年2月)：76-79。

石田一志。〈馬勒與他的時代〉。李冷西 譯。《全音音樂文摘》第11卷第2
期 (1987年2月)：66-69。

李宇光 譯。〈伯恩斯坦談馬勒〉。《全音音樂文摘》第11卷第3期 (1987
年3月)：64-71。

菅野浩和。〈馬勒的音樂背景〉。衛德全 譯。《全音音樂文摘》第11卷第2
期 (1987年2月)：70-75。

喜多尾道冬。〈殷巴爾談馬勒的交響曲〉。衛徳全 譯。《全音音樂文摘》
第11卷第8期 (1987年8月)：91-97。

渡邊裕。〈馬勒的交響曲軌跡〉。魏安秀 譯。《全音音樂文摘》第11卷第2
期 (1987年2月)：80-85。

魏德全 譯。〈殷巴爾談馬勒〉。《全音音樂文摘》第11卷第3期 (1987年3
月)：96-99。

Harold Schonberg.〈布魯克納‧馬勒‧雷格〉。李鴛英 譯。《全音音樂
文摘》第11卷第2期 (1987年2月)：44-57。

三 外文書籍

Adler, Guido. Gustav Mahler. Vienna: University Edition,
1916.

Adorno, Theodor W. Philosophy of Modern Music. Translated.
by Anne G. Mitchell and Wesley V. Bloomster. London:
Sheed & Ward, 1973.

________. Mahler, une physionomie musicale. Translated by
J.-L. Leleu and T. Leydenbach. Paris: Éditions de
Minuit, 1976.

________. Mahler: A Musical Physiognomy. Translated by
Edmund Jephcott. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1992.

Bauer-Lechner, Natalie. Erinnerungen an Gustav Mahler.
Leipzig: EP Tal & Co, 1923.

________ . Recollections of Gustav Mahler. Translated by
Dika Newlin. Edited by Peter Franklin. London: Farber,
1980.

________. Gustav Mahler in den Erinnerungen von Natalie
Bauer-Lechner. Edited. by Herbert Killian. Hamburg:
Karl Dieter Wagner, 1984.

Bekker, Paul. Gustav Mahler Sinfonien. Berlin: Schuster und
Loeffler, 1921.

Blaukopf, Herta, ed. Gustav Mahler Briefe. Vienna and
Hamburg: Zsolnay, 1924.

________ , ed. Gustav Mahler Briefe: 1879-1911. Hamburg:
Rublications of the International Gustav Mahler
Society, 1982.

________ , ed. Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss:
correspondence, 1888-1911. Translated by
Edmund Jephcott. Chicago : University of Chicago Press,
1984.

Blaukopf, Kurt. Gustav Mahler. Translated by Inge Goodwin.
London: Allen Lane, 1973.

Del Mar, Norman. Mahler’s Sixth Symphony—A Study. London:
Eulenburg Books, 1980.

Dargie, E. Mary. Music and Poetry in the Songs of Gustav
Mahler. Bern: Peter Lang, 1981.

Engel, Gabriel. Gustav Mahler—Song Symphonist. New York:
Brucker Society of America, 1932.

Ennulat, Egbert M..Arnold Schoenberg Correspondence: A
Collection of Translated and Annotated Letters
Exchanged with Guido Adler, Pablo Casals, Emanuel
Feuermann and Olin Downes. Metuchen, NJ: The Scarecrow
Press, 1991.

Floros, Constantin. Gustav Mahler, Ⅰ: Die geistige Welt
Gustav Mahler in systematischer Darstellung. Wiesbaden:
Breitkopf & Härtel, 1977.

________. Gustav Mahler, Ⅱ: Mahler und die Symphonik des
19. Jahrhunderts in neuer Deutung. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf
& Härtel, 1977.

________. Gustav Mahler：The Symphonies. Translated by
Vernon Wicker. Aldershot: Scolar,
1994.

Hefling, Stephen E. Gustav Mahler: Wege der Forschung.
Edited by Hermann Danuser. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche
Buchgesellschaft, 1992.

________ , ed. Mahler studies. New York : Cambridge
University Press, 1997.

Hermann, Danuser, ed.Gustav Mahler. Darmstadt:
Wissenschafliche Buchgesellschaft, 1922.

Kaplan, Gilbert E. Gustav Mahler: Adagietto: Facsimile,
Documentation, Recording. New York: The Kaplan
Foundation, 1992.

Lebrecht, Norman. Mahler Remembered. New York: W. W.
Norton, 1988.

La Grange, Henry-Louis de. Mahler. New York: Garden City,
1973.

________. Gustav MahlerⅠ. London: Gollancz, 1974.

________. Gustav MahlerⅡ: Vienna: The Years of Challenge
1897-1904. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.

________. Gustav MahlerⅢ: Vienna: Triumph and Disillusion,
1949-1907. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Mahler, Alma. Gustav Mahler: Erinnerungen und Briefe.
Amsterdam: Bermann-Fischer,
1949.

________. Gustav Mahler: Memories and Letters. Translated
by Basil Creighton. Edited by Donald Mitchell and Knud
Martner. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1975.

Matthews, Colin. Mahler at Work: aspects of the creative
process. New York : Garland Publication, 1989.

Martner, Knud, ed. Selected Letters of Gustav Mahler.
Translated by Eithne Wilkins, Ernest Kaiser, and Bill
Hopkins. London: Farber, 1979.

Mengelberg, Rudolf. Gustav Mahler. Leipzig: Breitkopf and
Härtels Musikbücher, 1923.

Mitchell, Donald. Gustav Mahler: The Wunderhorn Years:
Chronicles and Commentaries. Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1975.

________. Gustav Mahler: The Early Years . Rev. and edited
by Paul Banks and David. Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1980.

________. Gustav Mahler: Songs and Symphonies of Life and
Death. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of
California Press, 1985.

________, ed. Benjamin Britten: Death in Venice. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1987.

________, ed. Gustav Mahler: The World Listens. Haarlem:
Tema Uitgevers, 1995.

________ and Andrew Nicholson, ed. The Mahler companion.
New Yoek: Oxford University Press, 1999

Moldenhauer, Hans, and Rosaleen Moldenhauer. Anton von
Webern: A Chronicle of his Life and Work. New York:
Alfred A. Knopf, 1970.

Paul, Jean. Vorschule der Ästhetik. vol. 9. Jean Paul
Werke. Edited by Norbert Miller. Munich: Hanser, 1975.

Philip, Barford. Mahler Symphonies and Songs. Seattle:
University of Washington Press, 1971.

Pickett, David A. Gustav Mahler as an Interpreter: A Study
of his Textual Alterations and Performance Practice in
the Symphonic Repertory vol. 1. British: UMI press,
1988.

Ratz, Eriz. Revisionsbericht to the Fifth in the Critical
Complete Edition. New York, 1964.

Redlich, Hans. Brucker and Mahler. Edited by Jack Westrup.
London: J. M. Dent, 1963.

Schiedermair, Ludwig. Musikalische Begegnungen. Cologne:
Staufen, 1948.

Schorske, Carl E. Fin-de-Siècle Vienna: Politics and
Culture. New York: Knopf, 1985.

Specht, Richard. Gustav Mahler. Berlin: Schuster &
Loeffler, 1913.

Stephan, Rudolf. Mahler, Werk und Interpretation:
Autographe, Partituren, Dokumente. Cologne: A. Volk,
1979.

Walter, Bruno. Briefe 1894-1962. Edited by Lotte Walter
Lindt. Frankfurt am Main: S. Fischer Verlag, 1969.

________. Gustav Mahler. Vienna: Herbert Reichner Verlag,
1956.

________. Thema und Variationen. Frankfurt am Main: S.
Fischer Verlag, 1960.

________. Gustav Mahler: Ein Portrait. Wilhelmshaven:
Heinrichshofen, 1981.

四 外文期刊或雜誌

Barford, Philip. “Mahler: A Thematic Archetype.” Music
Rewiew 21 (1960): 297-316

Barry, Barbara R.. “The Hidden Program in Mahler’s Fifth
Symphony.” The Musical Quarterly 77/1 (spring 1993):
47-66.

Baxendale, Carolyn. “The Finale of Mahler’s Fifth
Symphony: Long-range Musical Thought.” Journal of the
Royal Musical association 112 (1987): 257-279.

Buhler, James. “Breakthrough’as Critique of Form: The
Finale of Mahler’s First Symphony.” Nineteenth-
Century Music 20 (1996): 125-143.

Christy, Nicholas P., Beverly Christy, and Barry G.
Wood. “Gustav Mahler and his Illnesses.” Transactions
of the American Clinical & Climatological Association
(1970): 200-17.

Feder, Stuart. “Gustav Mahler, Dying.” International
Review of Psychoanalysis 5 (1978): 125-148.

Forte, Allen. “Middleground Motives in the Adagietto of
the Fifth Symphony.” Nineteenth-Century Music 8
(1984): 153-163.

Gorbachev, Mikhail S. “My Final Hours.” Time Magazine
(1992): 42.

Kravitt, Edward F. “Mahler’s Dirges for his Death:
February 24, 1901.” The Musical Quarterly 64/3 (July
1978): 329-353.

Murphy, Edward. “Unusual Forms in Mahler’s fifth
Symphony.” The Music Review 47 (1986-1987): 101-109.

Kinderman, William. “ “Ich bin der Welt abhanden
gekommen”: Mahler’s Rückert Setting and the
Aesthetics of Integration in the Fifth Symphony.”
Musical Quarterly (2006): 1-42.

Williamson, John. “Liszt, Mahler, and the Chorale.”
Proceedings of the Royal Musical Association 108 (1981-
1982): 115-125.

Vaget, Hans Rudolf. “Film and Literature. The case of
Death in Venice: Luchino Visconti and Thomas Mann.”
German Quarterly 53 (1980): 159-175.

五 剪報

Kaplan, Gilbert. “A Dirge? No. It’s a Love Song.” The
New York Times, 19 July 1992.

六 影音資料

“Simon Rattle Berliner Philharmoniker Mahler Symphony no.
5 and Adès Asyla. ” EMI, 2003. DVD.

七 樂譜

Mahler, Gustav. Sieben Lieder. Japan：音樂之友社。

Mahler, Gustav. Kindertotenlieder. London: Eulenburg.

Mahler, Gustav. 14 Lieder aus Des Knaben Wunderhorn.
Vienna: Universal Edition, 1952.

Mahler, Gustav. Symphony No. 3. New York: Dover
Publications Inc., 2000.

Mahler, Gustav. Symphony No. 4. New York: Dover
Publications Inc., 2002.

Mahler, Gustav. Symphonie Nr. 5. Frankfurt/London/NewYork:
C. F. Peters, 1904.

Mahler, Gustav. Symphony No. 5. New York: Dover
Publications Inc., 1998.