簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 許琬翔
Wan-hsiang Hsu
論文名稱: 填補詞的使用對口譯品質之影響:聽眾觀點
Fillers and Quality of Interpretation: Users’ Perspectives
指導教授: 陳子瑋
Chen, Tze-Wei
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 翻譯研究所
Graduate Institute of Translation and Interpretation
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 111
中文關鍵詞: 口譯品質填補詞遲疑不流暢有聲停頓穩住發言權
英文關鍵詞: quality of interpretation, filler, hesitation, disfluency, filled pause, placeholder
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:232下載:28
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 雖然填補詞在一般日常會話中十分常見,但口譯時應盡量避免使用填補詞向來是口譯學生奉行的金科玉律。口譯品質涵蓋的面向非常廣泛,然而鮮少有研究將填補詞獨立出來作為操縱變因,探討其對口譯品質評量之影響。本研究探討填補詞是否影響聽眾對口譯品質之評量,讓受試者為四段英翻中逐步口譯段落評分,並請受試者詳述其偏好理由。研究發現,多數聽眾偏好沒有填補詞的口譯產出,認為有填補詞的段落由於聽起來較為遲疑、不流暢、語言較不正式,因此口譯品質較低。此外,聽眾對於「嗯」、「那」、「痾」、「呢」等表示遲疑的有聲停頓較為敏感,而較能接受口譯時使用「基本上」、「所謂的」、「事實上」等用來穩住發言權的填補詞。

    The use of fillers is quite common in daily conversation, but students studying interpreting have always been advised not to use fillers in interpretation. The quality of interpretation encompasses a wide range of aspects, but seldom do previous studies look into the influence of fillers on the quality of interpretation. This study intends to find that whether the use of fillers in interpreting influences users’ evaluation of interpretation quality. In this study, subjects were asked to evaluate four paragraphs of English to Chinese consecutive interpretation and give their reasons for the evaluation and preferences. The study shows that most subjects prefer the interpreting rendition without fillers and believe that the ones with fillers have lower quality because the rendition is more hesitant, disfluent, and the language used is more informal. In addition, the study also shows that subjects are more sensitive to hesitation fillers or filled pauses, including uh, na, e, ne, and seem not to be disturbed by placeholders such as ji ben shang, suo wei de, shi shi shang.

    第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的、對象與方法 3 1.3 論文架構 4 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2.1 口譯 5 2.1.1口譯的定義 5 2.1.2口譯的種類 5 2.2 口譯品質 8 2.2.1 口譯品質概述 8 2.2.2 對口譯品質的期望 10 2.2.3 口譯品質的評量與評量標準 14 2.3 填補詞 17 2.3.1 填補詞概述 17 2.3.2 填補詞的類型 18 2.3.3 填補詞的功用 21 2.3.4 漢語中的填補詞 22 2.3.5 口譯中填補詞的探討 24 2.4 小結 27 第三章 研究方法 29 3.1 研究目的與範圍 29 3.2 研究對象 29 3.3 實驗設計 30 3.3.1 單盲實驗 30 3.3.2 實驗流程 30 3.4 實驗素材 31 3.4.1 原文出處 31 3.4.2 口譯錄音 32 3.4.3 實驗影音檔剪輯 35 3.5 評分機制 37 3.6 實驗前測 38 3.6.1 第一次前測 38 3.6.2 第二次前測與修正 39 3.6.3 第三次前測 44 3.7 資料分析 45 第四章 研究結果與討論 46 4.1 受試者背景分析 46 4.2 敘述統計量分析 48 4.3 推論統計量分析 51 4.3.1 有無填補詞之段落差異:成對樣本T檢定 51 4.3.2 有無修過口譯課對同一段落之給分差異:獨立樣本T檢定 54 4.4 問題討論 58 4.4.1 四段口譯品質有無差異 59 4.4.2 印象特別深刻之段落 62 4.4.3 填補詞與流暢 64 4.4.4 口語化與專業形象 66 4.4.5 單字單音之有聲停頓vs. 穩住發言權之插入語 67 4.5 小結 68 第五章 結論與建議 70 5.1 研究摘要與結論 70 5.2 研究限制 74 5.3 未來研究方向與建議 75 參考文獻 77 附錄一:原文演講逐字稿 84 附錄二:C卷口譯逐字稿 87 附錄三:V卷口譯逐字稿 90 附錄四:第二次前測施測問卷 (A) 93 附錄五:第二次前測施測問卷 (B) 99 附錄六:正式施測問卷 105

    英文書目
    Adell, J., Escudero, D., & Bonafonte, A. (2012). Production of filled pauses in concatenative speech synthesis based on the underlying fluent sentence. Speech Communication, 54(3), 459-476. doi: 10.1016/j.specom.2011.10.010
    Barik, H. C. (1971). A Description of Various Types of Omissions, Additions and Errors of Translation Encountered in Simultaneous Interpretation. Meta: Journal des traducteurs, 16(4), 199. doi: 10.7202/001972ar
    Biq, Y.-O. (2001). The Grammaticalization of Jiushi and Jiushishuo in Mandarin Chinese. Concentric: Studies in English Literature and Linguistics, 27(2), 103-124.
    Brumfit, C. J. (1984). Communicative Methodology in Language Teaching: The Roles of Fluency and Accuracy. Cambridge: Cambridge Univdersity Press.
    Bühler, H. (1986). Linguistic (semantic) and extra-linguistic (pragmatic) criteria for the evaluation of conference interpretation and interpreters. Multilingua, 5(4), 231-236.
    Cattaruzza, L., & Mack, G. (1995). User surveys in SI: a means of learning about quality and/or raising some reasonable doubts. Topics in interpreting research, 37-49.
    Christenfeld, N. (1995). Does it hurt to say um? Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 19, 171-186.
    Chui, K. (2002). Discontinuity of Conversational Topics. Concentric: Studies in English Literature and Linguistics, 27(2), 149-174.

    Davis, B.H.,& Maclagan,M. (2010). Pauses, fillers, placeholders and formulaicity in Alzheimer’s discourse: Gluing relationships as impairment increases. In Amiridze, N.,Davis, B.H.,& Maclagan, M. (Eds.), Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders (pp. 189-207). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Fillmore, C. J. (1979). On fluency. In Fillmore, C. F., Kempler, D., & Wang, W. S. (Eds.), Individual differences in language ability and language behaviour (pp. 85-102). New York: Academic Press.
    Fiske, J. (1982). Introduction to communication studies. New York and London: Routledge.
    Fox, B. A. (2010). Introduction. In Amiridze, N.,Davis, B.H.,& Maclagan, M. (Eds.), Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders (pp. 1-9). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Fox Tree, J. E. (2001). Listeners' uses of um and uh in speech comprehension. Memory & Cognition, 29(2), 320-326 doi: 0.3758/BF03194926
    Fox Tree, J. E. (2002). Interpreting Pauses and Ums at Turn Exchanges. Discourse Processes, 34(1), 37-55.
    Fraser, B. (1990). Perspectives on Politeness. Journal of Pragmatics, 14, 219-236.
    Fraundorf, S. H., Watson, D. G. (2008). Dimensions of variation in disfluency production in discourse. In Healey, P., Ginzburg, J., & Sato, Y. (Eds.), Proceedings of LONDIAL 2008, the 12th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (pp. 131-138). London: King's College London.
    Garzone, G. (2003). Reliability of quality criteria evaluation in survey research. In Collados Aís, Á., Fernández Sánchez, M.M., & Gile, D. (Eds.), La evaluación de la calidad en interpretación: Investigación (pp. 23-30). Granada: Comares.
    Garzone, G. (2002). Quality and norms in interpretation. In Garzone, G., & Viezzi, M. (Eds.), Interpreting in the 21st century : challenges and opportunities (pp. 107-120). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Gile, D. (1991). A Communication-Oriented Analysis of Quality in Nonliterary Translation and Interpretation. In M. L. Larson (Ed.), Translation--theory and practice: tension and interdependence (pp. 188-200). Binghamton: State University of New York at Binghamton (SUNY).
    Greene, J. O. (1984). Speech Preparation Process and Verbal Fluency. Human Communication Research, 11(1), 61-84.
    Guillot, M. N. (1999). Fluency and its teaching. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
    Hammond, D. L. (1989). Coming of age: proceedings of the 30th annual conference of the American Translators Association, Oct. 11-15, 1989, Washington, D.C. Medford, N.J.: Learned Information Inc.
    Hayashi, M.,& Yoon, K.-E. (2010). A cross-linguistic exploration of demonstratives in interaction: With particular reference to the context of word-formulation trouble. In Amiridze, N.,Davis, B.H.,& Maclagan, M. (Eds.), Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders (pp. 33-66). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Irvine, J. T. (1979). Formality and Informality in Communicative Events. American Anthropologist, 81(4), 773-790.
    Jackson, S. L. (2012). Research Methods and Statistics: A Critical Thinking Approach (4 ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
    Jones, R. (1998). Conference interpreting explained. Manchester, UK: St. Jerome.
    Kalina, S. (2002). Quality in interpreting and its prerequisites: A framework for a comprehensive view. In Garzone, G., & Viezzi, M. (Eds.), Interpreting in the 21st century : challenges and opportunities (pp. 121-130). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Keevallik, L. (2010). The interactional profile of a placeholder: The Estonian demonstrative see. In Amiridze, N.,Davis, B.H.,& Maclagan, M. (Eds.), Fillers, pauses and placeholders (pp. 139-172). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Kopczynski, A. (1994). Quality in Conference Interpreting: Some Pragmatic Problems. In Kaindl, K., Pöchhacker, F., & Snell-Hornby, M. (Eds.), Translation Studies. An interdiscipline (pp. 189-198). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Kurz, I. (1989). Conference interpreting--user expectations Coming of Age: Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the American Translators Association (pp. 143-148). Medford NJ: Learned Information.
    Kurz, I. (1993). Conference Interpretation: Expectations of Different User Groups. The Interpreters' Newsletter, 5, 13-21.
    Kurz, I. (2001). Conference Interpreting: Quality in the Ears of the User. Meta: Translators' Journal, 46(2), 394-409. doi: 10.7202/003364ar
    Lease, M., & Johnson, M. (2006). Early deletion of fillers in processing conversational speech. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the NAACL, Companion Volume: Short Papers, New York.
    Maclay, H., & Osgood, C. (1959). Hesitation Phenomena in Spontaneous English Speech. Word, 15, 19-44.
    Marrone, S. (1993). Quality: A Shared Objective. The Interpreters' Newsletter, 5, 35-41.
    Mead, P. (2002). Exploring hesitation in consecutive interpreting: An empirical study. In Garzone, G., & Viezzi, M. (Eds.), Interpreting in the 21st century : challenges and opportunities (pp. 73-82). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Miller, G. A. (1963). Language and Communication. New York: McGraw-Hill.
    Moser, P. (1996). Survey on expectations of users of conference interpretation. On Interpreting. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
    Moser-Mercer, B. (1996). Quality in interpreting: some methodological issues. The Interpreters' Newsletter, 7.
    Moser-Mercer, B., & Lambert, S. (1994). Bridging the gap. Philadelphia and Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Nation, P. (1989). Improving speaking fluency. System, 17(3), 377-384.
    Ng, B. C. (1992). End Users' Subjective Reaction to the Performance of Student Interpreters. The Interpreters' Newsletter Special Issue No. 1, 35-41.
    Pearce, M. (2005). Informalization in UK party election broadcasts 1966-97. Language and Literature, 14, 65-90.
    Pochhacker, F. (2004). Introducing interpreting studies. London and New York: Routledge.
    Pöchhacker, F. (2001). Quality Assessment in Conference and Community Interpreting. Meta: Translators' Journal, 46(2), 410-425. doi: 10.7202/003847ar
    Pöchhacker, F. (2002). Researching interpreting quality: Models and methods. In Garzone, G., & Viezzi, M. (Eds.), Interpreting in the 21st century : challenges and opportunities (pp. 95-106). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Podlesskaya, V. I. (2010). Parameters for typological variation of placeholders. In Amiridze, N.,Davis, B.H.,& Maclagan, M. (Eds.), Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders (pp. 11-32). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Riggenbach, H. (1991). Towards an understanding of fluency: A microanalysis of non-native speaker conversations. Discourse Processes 14, 14, 423-441.
    Sager, J. C., & Somers, H. L. (1996). Terminology, LSP, and translation (Vol. Benjamins translation library). Philadelphia and Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Schegloff, E. A. (2010). Some Other “Uh(m)”s. Discourse Processes, 47(2), 130-174. doi: 10.1080/01638530903223380

    Schlesinger, M. (1997). Quality in Simultaneous Interpreting. In Gambier, Y., Gile, D., & Taylor, C. (Eds.), Conference Interpreting: Currents Trends in Research (pp. 123-131). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
    Seleskovitch, D. (1986). Who Should Assess an Interpreter's Performance? Multilingua, 5(4), 231-236.
    Siegel, M. E. A. (2002). Like: the Discourse Particle and Semantics Journal of Semantics, 19(1), 35-71.
    Sifianou, M. (2013). The impact of globalisation on politeness and impoliteness. Journal of Pragmatics, 55, 86-102.
    Trudgill, P. (1983). Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society. New York: Penguin.
    Vuorikoski, A.-R. (1993). Simultaneous interpretation—User experience and expectation. In C. Picken (Ed.), Translation—the vital link. Proceedings of the XIIIth World Congress of FIT (Vol. 1, pp. 317-327). London: Institute of Translation and Interpreting.
    Vuorikoski, A.-R. (1998). User Responses to Simultaneous Interpreting. In Bowker, L., Cronin, M., Kenny, D., & Pearson, J. (Eds.), Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies (pp. 184-197). Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
    Zellner, B. (1994). Pauses and the Temporal Structure of Speech. In É. Keller (Ed.), Fundamentals of Speech Synthesis and Speech Recognition (pp. 41-62). Chichester: John Wiley.

    中文書目
    汝明麗(1996)。從使用者觀點探討口譯品質與口譯員之角色(碩士論文)。輔仁大學,新北市。
    吳紹銓、劉敏華、張嘉倩(2008)。口譯訓練學校之評估作法:臺灣與中英美十一校之比較。編譯論叢,1(1),1-42。
    李易(2008)。自發性國語語音中自動偵測填充式停頓之初步研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學,台北市。
    新聞局(2004)。台灣翻譯產業現況調查研究總結分析報告。台北:行政院新聞局。
    楊承淑(2005)。同步口譯的簡化類型與規律。國立編譯館館刊,33(1),20-39。
    翟飛飛、宗成慶(2011)。口語對話中冗余詞匯識別方法研究。中文信息學報,25(3),104-111。
    裴恩(2011)。非營利組織社區口譯之品質與倫理初探:以伊甸社會福利基金會與臺北市賽珍珠基金會為例(碩士論文),國立臺灣師範大學,台北。
    劉怡君、陳俊光(2007)。現代漢語委婉言語之語用策略及語言形式:兼談華語教學應用,第五屆台灣華語文教學年會暨研討會論文集,471-495。
    應充慧(2001)。英文帶稿演講中的贅詞與同步口譯(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,台北市。

    下載圖示
    QR CODE