多組分反應在有機化學中扮演著重要的角色，它可結合三個或多個反應物，利用單一操作就可得到複合產物，是符合經濟效應與環保的合成方法。Baylis-Hillman反應為有效生成碳-碳鍵的方法之一，其產物為好的Michael acceptor，藉由親核試劑的加成可成功的應用於合成許多高官能基化合物。然而，Baylis-Hillman反應速度緩慢而最後得到Michael加成的產物通常需要花費數天的反應時間。
本篇論文主要是以醛類、烷基丙烯酸酯和醯胺化合物在EtPPh2催化下進行tandem三組分反應合成出多官能基的產物。反應機構主要為醛類與烷基丙烯酸酯先進行Baylis-Hillman反應，接著醯胺化合物再Michael加成到Baylis-Hillman產物上即可得到三組分產物，產率為66-88%。除此之外，也開發出利用醛類、烷基乙烯基酮及不同親核試劑，在PPh3催化下進行tandem三組分反應，其產物可應用在一鍋化條件下合成出多官能基烯類化合物，反應時間為3-29.5小時，產率為80-98%，立體選擇性可高達E/Z = 97/3。

The multi-component reaction plays an important role in organic chemistry. It allows generation of an adduct in a single operation from three or more reactants. Therefore, it has economic benefits and becomes one of useful “green” synthetic methods. The Baylis-Hillman reaction is a well-known method to create carbon- carbon bond. Numerous successful applications for syntheses of highly functional compounds were achieved by the Michael addition of nucleophiles toward the Baylis-Hillman adducts, which are good Michael acceptors, as routine protocols. However, the Baylis-Hillman reaction is very slow, and therefore the whole process often takes several days to obtain the final Michael product.
We have successfully developed EtPPh2-catalyzed tandem three-component reaction of aldehyde, alkyl acrylate, and amide to afford the highly functional products (66-88% yields). The reaction mechanism is proposed to undergo the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction of aldehyde and alkyl acrylate followed by Michael addition of amide toward the corresponding adduct. Besides, a general procedure for one-pot syntheses of highly functional α,β-unsaturated ketones via tandem PPh3-catalyzed three-component reaction of aldehydes, alkyl vinylketones and amides is also developed. A wide variety of highly functional α,β-unsaturated ketones can be furnished in 80-98% yields with high stereoselectivity (E/Z up to 97: 3) within overall 3-29.5h.

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