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研究生: 閻國中
論文名稱: 官能化三芳香基假基碳陽離子媒介之烯丙基化反應和醛醇加成反應之探討
指導教授: 陳建添
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 化學系
Department of Chemistry
畢業學年度: 85
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 192
中文關鍵詞: 官能化三芳香基甲基碳醛醇
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 以dibenzosuberone為骨架,利用芳香基試劑或格里亞試劑的加成,得到官能化三芳香基甲基醇,按著用Dauben先生的方法,在苯基和第三丁基苯基取代的例子中可以得到幾乎定量產生的三芳香基甲基鹽,此碳陽離子鹽類錯合物具有路易士酸的性質可以應用在Mukaiyama醛醇加成反應上,在以苯甲醛和自環己酮衍生的烯醇矽烷所進行的Mukaiyama醛醇加成反應中可以得到和矽烷基催化不同的的選擇性(anti/syn,69/31)
    將各種官能化三芳香基甲基醇,藉Willison ether synthesis方法得到三芳香基甲基甲基醚,在三種包括三甲基氧陽離子六氯銻酸鹽、三乙基氧陽離子六氟磷酸鹽和三乙基氧陽離子四氟硼酸鹽約三種梅爾茵華試劑作用下,生成官能化三芳香基甲基碳陽離子,在選用的三種梅爾茵華試劑中以六氯銻酸鹽的效果最好,以高效能液相層析儀追蹤中止反應後產生的三芳香基甲基醇發現都有很好的生成產率,在以γ-butyrolactone衍生的矽烷基半縮酪和苯甲醛例子中,可達很高的非鏡像選擇性 (syn/anti, 86/14 to >95/5)。
    以已知具C2對稱性的雙酯化合物為骨架,在碳(10), 碳(11)上放上甲基或乙基取代並授與光學活性,再以模式研究中所找出最好官能化芳香基鋰試劑進行加成,得到三芳香基甲基醇。冉以酸的方法,或我們獨創梅爾茵華試劑方法,得到掌性三芳香基甲基碳陽離子,應用在非對稱醛醇加成上,得到38%的鏡像超越值(enantiomeric excess),在定量催化下甚至可達50%ee值。
    將三種官能化三芳香基甲基醇以亞磺醯氯作用可以得到三芳香基甲基氯化物,利用三甲基矽烷氯化物來幫助催化劑的再生,此化合物可以用於催化烯丙基化反應,初步的研究結果已經證實三芳香基甲基氯化物具有路易士酸的性質。

    Treatment of dibenzosuberone with arylithium or arylmagnesium bromide gave functionalized trityl alcohols. By using Dauben's method, phenyl and 4-r-butylphenyl substituted trityl ions could be generated in high yield. These trityl salts can catalyze Mukaiyama aldol addidon between silyl enol ethers derived from cyclohexanone and benzaldehyde leading to the silyl aldolates with diastereoselectivities (anti/syn, 69/31) essentially different from those of silyl catalysis.
    These functionalized trityl alcohols were first methylated to the corresponding methyl ethers by Williamson ether synthesis in 70 to 97% yields. Three different Meerwein salts (Me3O+SbCI6-, Et3O+BF4, and Et3O+PF6-) were employed to ionize the respective trityl methyl ethers into the corresponding triarylcarbenium ions. Hexachloroantimonates were found to be the most complete and efficient analogs in these three cases as judged by HPLC analysis of the resulting alcohols after aqueous workup. We have demonstrated, for the first time, that triarylcarbenium hexachloroantimonates can serve as efficient catalysts to fulfill the Mukaiyama aldol reactions with negligible intervention of silyl catalysis. The aldol addition between silyl ketene acetal derived from g-butyrolactone and benzaldehyde provided the silyl aldolates with good to high diastereoselectivities (syn/anti, 90/10 to >95/5).
    Chiral trityl alcohols were synthesis by addition of the respective aryllithium to Q-symmetric 10,11-dimethyl and diethyl-dibenzosuberones, readily available in 3 steps from the known 10,11-bis(methyl ester) analog. We have attempted the first chiral trityl ion-mediated Mukaiyama aldol addition. Our first targeted aldol addition involves the addition of O-ethyl silyl ketene acetal to benzaldehyde. This most challenging scenario documented in previous catalytic asymmetric aldol reaction was found to proceed smoothly leading to enantiomerically enriched ethyl 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionate with up to 50% ee.
    Three different trityl chlorides were synthesized by addition of thionyl chloride to arrropriate three functionalized trityl alcohols. (1)The trityl chloride catalyzed allylation furnishes homo allylic alcohol in about 40% yield, (2)lt was found that TMSCI could serve as a promotor to facilitate the regeneration of TrCI catalysts. (3)Our experiment results successfully show that trityl chlorides can act as Lewis acids roles in allylation reaction with allyl tributyltin.

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