摘　　要

《阿帕拉契之春》(Appalachian Spring)於1944年問世，為艾倫．柯普蘭(Aaron Copland, 1900-1990)受庫立吉夫人(Elizabeth Coolidge, 1864-1953)邀約於美國國會圖書館(Library of Congress)演出之委託創作，本作原為芭蕾舞劇，舞蹈由瑪莎．葛萊姆(Martha Graham, 1894-1991)設計，初次演出即受到肯定，奠定了往後柯普蘭在美國本土作曲家之地位。
《阿帕拉契之春》共由八段組曲組成，內容描述前往賓州開墾的人們，包括傳教士、新婚夫婦、拓荒者，眾人分別面對新土地的未知、新婚的喜樂以及初為人妻的複雜情緒，藉由組曲間誇張的表情轉換，生動地描繪眾人的心境變化。《阿帕拉契之春》首演為十三件樂器版本，在收到各界佳評以及獲得普立茲獎(Pulitzer Prize for Music, 1945)的肯定後，柯普蘭將其改編成管弦樂版本。
本論文以作曲家及時代背景為根基，分析樂曲結構並結合指揮技術加以詮釋，透過實際排練與演出，期待對於《阿帕拉契之春》此一精彩作品有更全面、深刻的瞭解。

關鍵字：柯普蘭、阿帕拉契之春、指揮詮釋

Abstract

The Appalachian Spring, composed by Aaron Copland (1900-1990) in 1944, was commissioned by Elizabeth Coolidge (1864-1953) and premiered on Monday, October 30, 1944 at the Library of Congress with the choreography by Martha Graham (1894-1991). This work was a great success and established Copland as an important American composer of his time.
Appalachian Spring, comprised of eight sections, describes a group of people, including a preacher, a bride, and a pioneer woman in Pennsylvania. Through vivid musical expression and intensity, the composer depicts a variety of human emotions. This piece was originally composed for thirteen instruments and later reorchestrated to a full orchestral piece, after Copland won the Pulitzer Prize in 1945.
Based on the research of the composer and the historical background during his time, this thesis covers the conducting technique and musical interpretation. Through practical rehearsals and performance, the researcher wishes to share a deeper and complete understandings of this work.

Keywords: Aaron Copland, Appalachian Spring, conducting interpretation

參考文獻
一、中文部分

（一）專書著作

王沛綸。《指揮學》。台北：全音樂譜出版社，1976。

黃均人。《打開『阿帕拉契』之夜的時光膠囊：是誰讓瑪莎．葛萊姆的舞鞋踩踏著柯普蘭的神祕音符？》台北：信實文化行銷有限公司，2008。

廖年賦。《管絃樂指揮研究》。台北：全音樂譜出版社，1986。

徐頌仁。《歐洲樂團之發展與配器之形成》。台北：全音樂譜出版社，1989。

張大勝。《合唱指揮研究》。台北：全音樂譜出版社，1987。

（二）報紙專文

郭思蔚。〈針尖下的繆思：針尖下的貓〉。《音響論壇》(三月號，2018)：213。

（三）學術論文

吳宏哲。〈柯普蘭「阿帕拉契之春」音樂分析與指揮詮釋研究〉。國立臺灣師範大學碩士論文，2002。

呂守仁。〈柯普蘭《阿帕拉契之春組曲 / 十三件樂器版本》之研究〉。台南應用科技大學，2011。

（四）翻譯專書

Jacob, Gordon. 《簡明管弦樂配器法》(Orchestral Technique)。康謳 譯。台北：全音樂譜出版社，2004。

Atherton, Leonard. 《合唱指揮研究》(The Conductor’s Handbook)。呂淑玲、蘇索才 譯。台北：揚志文化，2002。

（五）節目單資料
《破曉－大稻埕的天光》節目表。台北市中山堂中山廳，2016年4月1日。

《德新獨奏家室內樂團　台灣名家音像系列－許瀞心》節目表。高雄市大東文化藝術中心，2018年5月13日。

二、外文部分

（一）英文書目

Copland, Aaron. Copland on Music. New York: W. W. Norton, 1963.

Dickinson, Peter. Copland Connotations. New York: Boydell Press, 2002.

Graham, Martha. “House of Victory.” Script. 1944. The Aaron Copland Collection, Library of Congress.

Green, Elizabeth A. H., Mark Gibson, and Nicolai Malko. 2004. The modern conductor: a college text on conducting based on the technical principles of Nicolai Malko as set forth in his The conductor and his baton. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.

（二）外文期刊

Peter G. Davis. “Fanfare for an Uncommon Man” New York Times 12 Dec 1985: 150-151.

（三）參考樂譜

Copland, Aaron. Appalachian Spring: Suite Version for Full Orchestra. London: Boosey & Hawkes, 1990.

____________. Appalachian Spring: Suite Version for 13 Instruments. New York: Boosey & Hawkes, 1972.
 
（四）影音資料
Bernstein, Leonard. Appalachian Spring / Rodeo / Billy the Kid / Fanfare for the Common Man, Copland, A., New York Philharmonic Orchestra, Sony, 1997.

Bernstein, Leonard. Gershwin: Rhapsody in Blue, Copland: Appalachian Spring, Barber: Adagio for Strings, Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra, DG, 2009.

Bernstein, Leonard. Appalachian Spring / Rodeo / Billy the Kid / El salón México, Copland, A., New York Philharmonic Orchestra, Urania Records, 2016.

Boughton, William, Rodeo / Quiet City / Nonet / Appalachian Spring / Fanfare for the Common Man, Copland, A., English Symphony, Nimbus, 1990.

Copland, Aaron, Appalachian Spring / The Tender Land Suite / Billy the Kid, Copland, A., Boston Symphony Orchestra, London Symphony Orchestra, Regis, 1960.

Copland, Aaron, Appalachian Spring, Copland, A., Boston Symphony, RCA, 2009.

Copland, Aaron, Gould, Morton, Appalachian Spring / The Tender Land Suite / Fall River Legend Suite / Symphonette No. 4 (Composers Conduct), Boston Symphony, RCA, 1993.

Doráti, Antal, Appalachian Spring / Billy the Kid / Danzón cubano / El salón México, Copland, A., London Symphony Orchestra, Minneapolis Symphony, Universal Classics, 2015.

Gunzenhauser, Stephen, Appalachian Spring / Rodeo / Billy the Kid, Copland, A., Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra, Naxos, 1990.

Schwarz, Gerard, Suite from Appalachian Spring / Symphonic Ode, Copland, A,. Seattle Symphony Orchestra, Naxos, 2012.

Slatkin, Leonard, Appalachian Spring / Hear Ye! Hear Ye!, Copland, A., Detroit Symphony, Naxos, 2016.

Tilson Thomas, Michael, Appalachian Spring / Billy the Kid, Copland, A., San Francisco Symphony Orchestra, RCA, 2005.

（五）網路資訊

http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com. 2018，摘錄於 11 June 2018。

http://www.pulitzer.org/winners/aaron-copland. 2018，摘錄於 11 June 2018。

https://www.loc.gov/collections/aaron-copland/about-this-collection/. 2018，摘錄於 11 June 2018。
http://www.coplandhouse.org. 2018，摘錄於 11 June 2018。

https://www.naxosmusiclibrary.com/homepage.asp. 2018，摘錄於 11 June 2018。