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研究生: 陳致先
Zhi-Xian Chen
論文名稱: 臺、港、中三地供應鏈之權力、關係承諾與國家文化研究
Power, Relationship Commitment and National Culture in Supply Chain Management: A Theoretical Study on Manufacturers in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Mainland China
指導教授: 施人英
Shih, Jen-Ying
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 全球經營與策略研究所
Graduate Institute of Global Business and Strategy
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 178
中文關鍵詞: 兩岸三地權力關係關係承諾國家文化
英文關鍵詞: Taiwan, Hong Kong and Mainland China, Power, Guanxi, Relationship commitment, National cultures
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:207下載:15
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  • 「如何有效地建立與通路的關係」是近年來行銷理論研究中頗受重視的研究主題。由於近幾年來,華人社會支配下的亞洲經濟突飛猛進的結果,使得關於華人企業組織中的管理哲學與實務受到許多研究者的矚目。與西方社會單純經由「個人與個人」互動形成的人際關係(Relationship)相比,東方社會的「關係(Guanxi)」源於中國傳統文化價值,在華人社會網絡中構成一種複雜且普遍的人際互動準則,「關係」存在與否能影響華人的商業活動、企業管理與組織行為。

    因此,本研究透過文獻整理分析,以建立命題研究的方式,來探討「權力來源」類型對不同「關係承諾」因素之間的影響作為;同時亦透過過去「關係(Guanxi)」研究的實證成果,來提出華人商業社會如何理解不同「關係(Guanxi)」因素對於各項「關係承諾」構面產生的影響,並以「國家文化(National cultures)」維度作為華人社會中「權力」與「關係(Guanxi)」對「關係承諾」行為的干擾因素。

    研究結果發現:
    (1) 權力類型與「關係」因素均能正向或負向影響供應鏈或夥伴合作關係的「承諾」構面。(2)「承諾」構面影響下的供應鏈交易行為是藉由權力與「關係」因素的連結而產生的。(3) 國家文化維度的干擾影響,可以區分為「認知面(價值觀)」與「實踐面(實踐活動的共同知覺)的差異。

    本研究藉由對「權力」、「關係(Guanxi)」、「關係承諾」與國家文化之間的命題研究成果,提出一個結合西方關係行銷研究成果,與華人特有的「關係(Guanxi)」文化的跨領域研究。呈現出企業間的權力行為與「關係」因素,如何影響供應鏈中夥伴關係與整合問題的文化研究觀點。並期望藉由研究的成果,能夠呈現出更為清晰的概念,未來提出一套能不斷檢驗的實證設計,是包含華人「關係」文化意義,且具有實證理論背景的「華人關係」分類類型。

    “The challenges on the development of channel relationship” has been an important issue in marketing theory. As Asia economy, dominated by ethnic Chinese, enjoys the tremendous growth in recent years, researchers are getting interested in the management philosophy and practice of Chinese corporation and organization. Different from the “relationship” basing on the interaction between individuals of the western society, in East Asian society, the “Guanxi”, deriving from Chinese tradition, upheld as the standard for individual interaction, is a network of influence, prevailing among the commercial activities, corporate management, and organization behavior.

    The study aims to explore the influence of different “power resources” on different factors of “relationship commitment” by establishing propositions to analyze the gathered data and literature; and using the result of empirical study to point out the understanding of Chinese business society on the influence of different types of “Guanxi” exerting on different constructs of “relationship commitment”. Moreover, the dimension of national culture is used as the intervention variable in the relationship between “power” and “Guanxi” , and “relationship commitment” in Chinese society.

    The findings are as follows:
    (1).Types of different power resources and the factors of “Guanxi” can positively or negatively influence the construct of “commitment” in supply chain or cooperative partner relationship.(2).The trading behavior of supply chain under the influence of the construct of “commitment” is performing in the basis of the connection of power and “Guanxi”.(3).The influence of national culture includes two aspects: the difference on “perceptions (values)” and the difference on “practice (shared perception of daily practices).

    By establishing the propositions and to study the relationship between national culture and “power”, “Guanxi”, and “relationship commitment”, the study proposes an interdisciplinary result integrating the western research on relationship marketing into the unique Chinese concept of “Guanxi”; and presenting an insight in the viewpoint of cultural study that in which way the corporate power behavior and the factor of “Guanxi” influence the relationship in the supply chain and process integration. The result of the study may serves as a tested empirical design for future study on the cultural meaning of “Guanxi” and as a convinced classification with tested theoretical base on types of “Guanxi”.

    中文摘要 I Abstract II 致謝誌 IV 目錄 i 表目錄 iv 圖目錄 v 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景 1 第二節 研究動機 4 第三節 研究目的 9 第四節 研究流程 10 第二章 研究主題的背景分析與探討 11 第一節 現代供應鏈管理的關係議題 11 第二節 兩岸三地經貿關係 15 第三節 兩岸三地經濟發展脈絡與差異 17 第四節 結論與研究主題的提出 22 第三章 相關理論與研究回顧 23 第一節 商業關係中的「權力」:概念與分類 23 一. 權力與通路:概念與定義 25 二. 權力的作用:定義及其分類 27 三. 結論 36 第二節 「關係承諾」:合作關係成敗的關鍵 38 一. 關係中的「信任」與「關係承諾」 39 二. 形成「關係承諾」的要素、構面與分類 42 三. 結論 49 第三節 東、西方對關係理論研究的差異 51 一. 西方通路“關係(Relationship)”觀點 52 二. 東方華人「關係(Guanxi)」理論觀點 54 三. 東、西方關係研究的不足 57 第四節 「關係(Guanxi)」:華人社會的特殊文化現象 59 一. 「關係」是華人行為與社會互動的價值準則 60 二. 華人「關係」的特色與構面 62 (一).身分─「關係」的差序格局與先賦性 63 (二).交往─華人「關係」運作法則 65 (三).構成─「關係」的概念化與分類 67 (四).連結─個人關係層次至組織層次的轉移 72 三. 結論 74 第五節 管理的國家文化研究:Hofstede文化價值觀維度 79 一. 人類社會運作規則:「文化」的構面與研究 79 二. Hofstede的「國家文化」─維度定義與分析 83 (一).平等的高低之分:權力距離 83 (二).我和我們,我和他們:個體/集體主義 88 (三).他和她:剛性/柔性氣質 92 (四).不同的東西是危險的:不確定性避免 97 (五).過去、現在或將來:長期期/短期導向 101 三. 結論 106 第四章、 命題:演繹與提出 109 第一節 「權力」對「關係承諾」的影響 109 第二節 「關係承諾」與華人「關係(Guanxi)」 118 第三節 「權力」與「關係」之連結 127 第四節 人與他者:國家文化的價值觀與實踐議題 134 一. 價值與活動:國家文化與組織文化的差異 135 二. 權力、關係(Guanxi)與關係承諾中的國家文化因素 137 第五章、 結論與建議 143 第一節 研究架構之提出 143 第二節 研究的成果與未來方向 153 文獻參考 156

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