積體電路設計產業在臺灣究竟有什麼地方優勢，引起全球廣泛的興趣，本文利用路徑依賴與互補性，探討該產業在全球的空間互補與區位優勢。路徑依賴強調經濟活動會受到時間與空間的限制，並且建立在一定的基礎條件上。互補則探討透過公司或產業高度整合相關產品、市場與客戶關係，擁有內部彈性、人才庫及密集的市場資訊優勢，提高交易透明度，藉由穿越此互補的區位，能降低交易成本並提高不同區域間交流效率。研究透過第二手資料蒐集，以及針對25位積體電路設計產業從業人員進行深度訪談。研究結果顯示，1960年代加工出口區奠定工業的基礎，1970年代由於能源危機引發政府積極發展產業升級，而展開積體電路產業的培植，1990年代受益於歸國學人的連結。沿著電子產業發展的路徑，臺灣分別與矽谷、大陸、歐洲、日本等幾個重要又不同的區域形成交集，臺灣北部能將這幾個區域的客戶串連在一起，提供多樣的產品與服務，以因應不同市場的需求，同時吸引不同性質的勞動力聚集，而形成重要人才庫。匯集上下游相關廠商與客戶的臺灣，市場資訊流動快速，能提高市場資訊透明度及產品與服務的供應效率。臺灣參與全球積體電路產品與市場的整合，繼續為全球重要積體電路產品設計與生產的中心之一。

Is there any local advantage of integrated circuit design (IC design) industry which locates in Taiwan? It catches a lot of attentions in the world. The paper is to discuss about the spatial complement and regional advantages of the industry in the world by using theories of ‘path dependence’, and ‘complement’. Path dependence is the concept to emphasize that economic activities will be constrained by history and space, and derive from certain legacies. Complement is the discussion about firms or an industry that highly integrate products, markets and customer relationships to have more internal flexibilities, larger labor pool and intensive information of dynamic market. Therefore they can increase accountability and get greater transparency. They will decrease the transaction cost and increase the communication efficiency among different locations by going through the complement space. The information in this study was gathered from public news and interviews with 25 people working in the IC design institutions and relative companies, and the study results show that the foundation of export processing zone in 1960s is the base of the industry development. The governments decided to upgrade the labor intensive industry to the capital and technological intensive industry because of the energy crisis in 1970s. And then began some big projects to develop the IC industry. In 1990s, many technical staffs who studied abroad returned Taiwan. They linked technologies from Silicon Valley with social network in Taiwan. By passing path of the electronics industry, there were multiple relationships between Taiwan and different areas, such as USA, Japan, Europe, and China. Combining different customers in north Taiwan, the IC design industry offers products and services for variant demands for different markets. Meanwhile, the economic activities attracted many talented people so they came here to work and become a multiple and various labor pool. The upstream and downstream of the industry cluster here in Taiwan then made it easier to exchange information within internal or external of companies. It also increased the accountability, brought greater transparency of the market, and boost the efficiency of providing products and services. Taiwan has been participating the integration of IC design industry and markets in the world, it will still be one of the important IC design centers in the world.

Amin, A. & N. Thrift (1992) Neo-Marshallian Nodes in Global Networks. International journal of urban and regional research, 16, 571-587.
Arthur, W. B. (1989) Competing technologies, increasing returns, and lock-In by historical events. The Economic Journal, 99, 116-131.
---. 1994. Industry location patterns and the importance of history. In Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy, 49-67. Michigan: Michigan University Press.
Aydalot, P. 1986. Milieux Innovateurs en Europe. Paris: GREMI.
Camagni, R. 1991. Innovation Networks: Spatial Perspectives. London and New York: Belhaven Press.
Clark, G. L. (2002) London in the European financial services industry: locational advantage and product complementarities. Journal of economic geography, 2, 433-453.
David, P. A. (1985) Clio and the economics of QWERTY. The American Economic Review, 75, 332-337.
Lawson, T. 1997. Economics and reality. Routledge.
Markusen, A. (1996) Sticky Places in Slippery Space: A Typology of Industrial Districts. Economic geography, 72, 293-313.
Martin, R. & P. Sunley (2006) Path Dependence and Regional Economic Evolution. Journal of Economic Geography, 6, 395-437.
North, D. C. 2009. Institutions, institutional change and economic performance. Cambridge University Press.
Porter, M. E. (1990) The competitive advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review, March-April, 70-91.
--- (2000) Location, competition, and economic development: local clusters in a global economy. Economic development quarterly, 14, 15-34.
Ratti, R., A. Bramanti & R. Gordon. 1997. The Dynamics of Innovative Regions : the GREMI Approach. Aldershot and Brookfield, Vt.: Ashgate.
Richardson, G. B. & D. J. Teece. 1997. Information and investment: a study in the working of the competitive economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Saxenian, A. 2007. The New Argonauts: Regional Advantage in a Global Economy (新世代科技冒險家：歸國創業家的網絡競爭力). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Scott, A. J. 1998. New industrial spaces: flexible production organization and regional development in North America and Western Europe. London: Pion.
Setterfield, M. (1993) A model of institutional hysteresis. Journal of economic issues, 27, 755.
Storper, M. 1997. The Regional World: Territorial Development in a Global Economy. New York: Guilford Press.
Sydow, J., G. Schreyogg & J. Koch. 2005. Organizational paths: path dependency and beyond. In Paper presented at the 21st EGOS Colloquium, Berlin, Germany, 30 June 2 July 2005.
--- (2009) Organizational path depedence: opening the black box. Academy of Management Review, 34, 689-709.
王文誠. 2009. 關係經濟地理：臺灣科學園區的發展、轉變與調適. 臺北市: 國立臺灣師範大學地理學系.
王盈勛 (2001) IC設計臺灣矽島的下一個築夢聖殿. 數位時代Beta 3.0.
王興毅、郭秋鈴、陳梧桐、游李興、彭茂榮、易維綺. 2000. 台灣半導體廠商經營研究. 新竹: 工業技術研究院產業經濟與資訊服務中心.
田媛、陳泳丞. 2000. 科技大亨之業競天擇：台灣科技精銳的經營智慧. 台北: 商訊文化.
江逸之 (2008) 專訪聯發科技董事長 蔡明介：今日山寨，明日主流. 天下雜誌, 411.
吳宗成、黃丙喜、覃冠豪、陳櫻琴、張順教. 2009. 山寨風暴：是模仿，還是創新？. 台北: 理財文化.
吳琬瑜、孫珮瑜 (2007) 低調拳王，奇襲全球 臺灣IC設計，世界不能沒有他們. 天下雜誌, 383.
吳馥羽 (2009) ARC與瑞昱半導體合作，將ARC Sonic Focus音效強化技術延伸至PC和筆電. Digitimes電子報.
李雅婷 (2003) 台灣地區員工分紅入股制度對企業生產力的影響—以橫斷面法分析電子產業. 中華管理評論, 6, 49-62.
林宏文 (2007) 全球2兆玩具市場，台灣IC inside. 今周刊, 525.
林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花 (2005) 質性研究訪談模式與實施. 身心障礙研究, 3, 122-136.
凌陽科技 (2009) 關於凌陽. 凌陽科技網站 http://w3.sunplus.com/chinese/about/index.asp.
孫珮瑜 (2007) 立錡科技 終結美國大廠獨霸局面. 天下雜誌, 383.
徐進鈺 (1997) 台灣積體電路工業發展歷程之研究：高科技、政府干預與人才回流. 國立臺灣大學地理學系地理學報, 23, 33-48.
--- (1999) 流動的鑲嵌：新竹科學工業園區的勞動力市場與高科技發展. 台灣社會研究季刊, 35, 75-118.
涂志豪、李純君 (2008) 張忠謀：兩岸半導體 軟硬要分工. 中時電子報：工商時報 http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/2007Cti-News-Print/0,4634,120501x12.
張建中 (2008) 張忠謀:兩岸半導體業合作空間大. Taiwan News Online http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/print.php.
張殿文 (2002) 矽谷人才第二波回流. 天下雜誌, 262.
Author. 2007. 挑戰聯發科 聯詠合併其樂達. 經濟日報 2007.11.30.
陳向明. 2002. 社會科學質的研究. 台北市: 五南.
陳東升. 2008. 積體網路(增訂版). 台北: 群學出版有限公司.
Author. 2007. 聯發科併ADI手機IC 外資稱讚. 經濟日報 2007.09.12.
陳盈華、黃玉潔、詹瑋綸. 2009. IC設計投資地圖. 158. 台北市: 財信出版有限公司.
創意電子 (2010) 創意電子獲ARM IP產品完整授權. 電子&電腦資訊網 http://www.compotechasia.com/articleinfo.php?cid=34&id=15694.
電子工程專輯 (2010) 瞄準先進SoC設計 新思、奇景擴大合作. 電子工程專輯網站 http://www.eettaiwan.com/ART_8800625379_480102_NT_fcee54a0.HTM.
電子工程專輯編輯組 (2010) SoC，什麼是SoC. 電子工程專輯網站 http://www.eettaiwan.com/SEARCH/ART/SoC.HTM.
維基百科 (2010) TD-SCDMA. 維基百科，自由的百科全書網站 http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/TD-SCDMA.
蔡佳容 (2008) 張忠謀：兩岸半導體產業合作模式 由大陸設計、台灣製造. 鉅亨網 http://news.cnyes.com/asp/printnews1.asp.
蔡學儀. 2004. 台灣經濟論. 台北: 新文京開發.
蕭富元 (2009) 撿便宜買創新，臺灣大手筆併矽谷. 天下雜誌, 418.
聯詠科技 (2009) 聯詠科技新一代SoC獲MIPS32 24KEc授權. 電子&電腦資訊網 http://www.compotechasia.com/articleinfo.php?cid=34&id=15163.
謝孟玹、簡志勝. 2003. IC設計產業發展趨勢分析. 新竹: 工業技術研究院產業經濟與資訊服務中心.
藍麗娟 (2001) 創新研發，撐起新股王聯發. Cheers雜誌.