研究生: |
謝宛芸 Hsieh, Wan-Yun |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
航空公司人員知覺組織支持、職業倦怠與組織公民行為之關聯研究 The Relations among Employee’s Perceived Organizational Support, Occupational Burnout and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in Aviation Industry |
指導教授: |
李隆盛
Lee, Lung-Sheng |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
科技應用與人力資源發展學系 Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development |
論文出版年: | 2015 |
畢業學年度: | 103 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 104 |
中文關鍵詞: | 知覺組織支持 、職業倦怠 、組織公民行為 |
英文關鍵詞: | Perceived organizational support, ,, Occupational burnout, Organizational citizenship behavior |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:137 下載:5 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
航空市場競爭激烈,航空公司需依靠公司成員協助以提升其競爭優勢,及達成組織績效與營收目標。而為因應環境改變與挑戰,組織公民行為是組織所期待的一種正向行為。本研究目的在探討知覺組織支持、職業倦怠與組織公民行為之間的關係,了解其員工在工作環境中知覺組織支持增高時,是否能降低職業倦怠,提升組織公民行為。所需資料採問卷調查法,以C航空公司正職員工為研究對象,發放問卷500份,有效回收397份,有效回收率為89.6%,回收有效問卷資料以統計軟體進行分析與驗證,獲致結果如下:(1)知覺組織支持顯著負向影響職業倦怠;(2)職業倦怠顯著負向影響組織公民行為;(3)知覺組織支持顯著正向影響組織公民行為;以及(4)職業倦怠在知覺組織支持與組織公民行為之間具有部份中介效果。
The competition in the Taiwanese aviation market is severe. Airline companies have to rely on their employees to promote their competitive advantages and attain their organizational performance as well as. Furthermore, organizational citizenship behavior is regarded as a positive behavior which is expected by any company. This study aimed to investigate whether employee’s perceived organizational support helps to decrease to his/her occupational burnout and improve his/her organizational citizenship behaviors. Necessary data was collected from the employees in C airline company through a questionnaire survey. Totally, 397 valid questionnaires (or 89.6%) are returned. As a result of statistical analyses, the results of this study are as follows : (1) Employees’ perceived organizational support negatively affected occupational burnout; (2) Occupational burnout negatively affected organizational citizenship behavior; (3) Employees’ perceived organizational support positively affected organizational citizenship behavior; and (4) Occupational burnout partially mediates the relationship between Perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior.
一、中文部分
中華航空公司(2015)。華航簡介。取自http://www.china-airlines.com/ch/index.html
中華民國交通部觀光局(2013)。國人旅遊動向調查。取自http://taiwan.net.tw/
沈進成、陳紫玲、林惠敏(2010)。觀光旅館業組織文化對組織績效影響關係之研究-以台灣高雄地區為例。中華管理評論國際學報,13(1),1-21。
汪美伶(2009)。組織支持與市場導向人力資源管理活動對服務導向組織公民行為的影響。東吳經濟商學學報,64,57-92。
何亭賢(2009)。員工組織變革、正向心理資本、知覺組織支持與組織變革抗拒關係之研究。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
李佳怡(2000)。知覺組織支持對員工工作態度影響之研究。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
邱皓政(2011)。量化研究與統計分析(五版)。台北市:五南。
何信助、廖年淼(2010)。教師工作倦怠與學校組織文化之關係―以高級職業學校教師為例。育達人文社會學報,6,31-56。
吳佳蓉(2010)。高科技產業人員職場壓力、工作倦怠及組織健康關係之研究。經國管理暨健康學院健康產業管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,基隆市。
吳凱琳(2011)。工作倦怠的自我診斷:我不知道自己要的是什麼?。Cheers雜誌。
林淑姬(1992)。薪酬公平、程序公平與組織承諾、組織公民行為之研究。國立政治大學企業管理研究所博士論文,未出版,台北市。
林繼正、陳淑芬(2008)。建構空服員工作壓力、職業倦怠對身心健康狀況影響模式。運動休閒管理學報,5(1),1-17。
林鉦棽、賴鳳儀、黃紹慶、潘蕙韶、鍾潤富(2011)。組織公民行為與工作家庭衝突之關聯分析:好士兵症候群。管理學報,28(1),31-47。
林俊瑩、謝亞恆、曹靜麗、蕭明潔(2009)。工作特性、組織氣氛對學前教師工作滿意度與工作倦怠的影響:以花蓮地區為例。教育與多元文化研究,1,217-258。
林昇輝(2008)。監獄管理人員輪班制度及工作生活品質與工作倦怠關聯性之研究。國立中正大學犯罪防治研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義縣。
卓正欽、魏秀玲、郭宏偉(2015)。知覺組織支持與組織公民行為之關係:以情感型組織承諾為中介變數。管理資訊計算,4(1),28-41。
洪瑞斌、陳怡璇(2009)。工作倦怠歷程模式之探索:以餐飲企業主管為例。應用心理研究,43,19-48。
洪瑞彬(2013)。職業倦怠研究在台灣之回顧與前瞻。人力資源管理學報,13(3),107-140。
洪贊凱、卓明德、洪詩晴(2011)。主管知覺互動不正義、主管不當督導與部屬績效關係之研究-主管與部屬適配的干擾角色以及情緒耗竭的中介歷程。中原企管評論,9(3),67-92。
洪春吉、李純慧(2010)。組織公平與組織公民行為關係--以金融業、營建業實證比較。臺灣銀行季刊,61(4),201-226。
徐清奇(2010)。苗栗縣基層公職人員工作特徵狀況與職業倦怠感關係之研究。育達商業科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
郭生玉(2005)。心理與教育研究法。台北市:精華。
翁志成(2011)。「業務人員情緒耗竭之探討―資源保存理論觀點」。當代商管研究,3(1),1-29。
孫德修、趙正敏、廖木燦(2008)。工作要求-資源模式與工作倦怠關係之研究-以某半導體封裝測試公司員工為例。朝陽學報,13,1-29。
張火燦、劉嘉雯、許宏明、謬敏志、童志隆(2011)。主管心情感染與員工創新行為的關係:敬業貢獻與工作倦怠的中介角色。人力資源管理學報,11(2),1-24。
張慶勳(2005)。論文寫作手冊。臺北:心理。
張美倫(2003)。台灣中等學校教職員之組織支持知覺對其組織承諾與變革認知影響之探討。私立朝陽科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文,已出版,台中市。
陳欣怡、鄭淵全(2010)。桃竹苗地區縣市政府社會工作人員角色壓力、工作倦怠及社會支持之探究,社區發展季刊,129,333-353。
陳怡涓(2011)。台中市國民中學組織溝通與教師組織公民行為關係之研究。國立臺灣師範大學公民教育與活動領導研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
童惠玲、郭美吟、李德治(2012)。組織支持與員工工作結果之關係—權力距離與公平敏感度之調節效果。組織與管理,5(1),1-42。
童惠玲、曾妤珮(2011)。知覺組織支持與服務導向組織公民行為:高績效人力資源實務跨層次之調節效果。台灣勞動評論,3(1),117-146。
曾國書(2010)。台北縣國民小學總務人員工作壓力與工作倦怠關係之研究。國立臺北教育大學教育學院教育經營與管理學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
黃良傑、黃新福(2008)。證券業資訊人員工作壓力、工作壓力反應與職業倦怠關係之研究。德霖學報,22,171-192。
黃睦芸(2010)。員工知覺組織支持、工作負荷與工作後果之關連—以人格特質為調節變項。國立台灣大學管理學院商學研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
黃于寶(2013)。探討工作倦怠、工作家庭平衡對組織公民行為之影響-以職場靈性為中介變項。國立臺灣師範大學科技應用與人力資源發展學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
葉婉榆、鄭雅文、陳美如、邱文祥(2008)職場疲勞量表的編製與信效度分析,臺灣公共衛生雜誌,27,349-364。
黃曼琴、王怡惠(2013)。角色壓力、工作倦怠對組織公民行為影響之研究―以員工犬儒主義為干擾變項。管理研究學報,13(1),39-72。
黃臺生(2001)。工作倦怠相關理論探述。中華行政,九月,37-68。
楊筱雲、蘇建文(1994)。影響臺北市托兒所教保人員工作倦怠之相關因素研究,家政教育,12(6),頁73-80。
楊豐華、陳建隆、吳能惠、楊雅棠(2009)。知覺組織支持、組織忠誠與工作倦怠關係之研究—以國內銀行業為例。商學學報,17,247-270。
楊榮宗(2011)。工作要求、工作資源、工作倦怠、組織承諾及組織公民行為關係模式建構之研究。高雄師範大學工業科技教育學系博士論文,未出版,高雄市。
經濟部工業局(2014)。取自http://www.moeaidb.gov.tw/。
廖國鋒、鄭美娟、王湧水,2005,A Study of Negative Affectivity Influencing the Relationships among Social Support, Stressor of Role and Job Burnout,人力資源管理學報,5(4),155-180。
廖國鋒、梁文彥(2011)。知覺外部聲望對組織認同與組織公民行為關聯性之跨層次研究。輔仁民生學誌,17(1),39-63。
劉莉玲、鄧國峰、劉自強(2009)。工作壓力與組織承諾關係之研究─以軍醫外派回任人為為例。國防管理學報,30(1)。
劉雅惠(2011)。教師工作倦怠之探究。學校行政雙月刊,73,200-221。
鄭安雯、羅慶徽、林藍萍、許佩蓉、徐尚為、林金定(2011)。護理之家員工職場疲勞與自覺健康狀況之相關性:性別效應分析,臺灣老人保健學刊,7(2),157-176。
潘孝富、譚小宏、秦啟文、王蕾(2010)。教師組織公平感與組織公民行為:工作倦怠的中介作用。心理發展與教育,15(2),409-415、444。
闕淑嫻(2002)。國內與外商銀行之管理型態、價值觀適配與組織公民行為之關係。國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,桃園縣。
二、外文部分
Arie, R. & Yoram, N. (1993).Work stress, job burnout, and work outcomes in a turbulent environment. International Studies of Management & Organization, 23(3), 75-96.
Armeli, S., Eisenberger, R., Fasolo, P., and Lynch, P. (1998). Perceived organizational support and police performance: The moderating influence of socioemotional needs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(2), 288-297.
Allen, T. D. & Rush, M. C. (1998). The effects of organizational citizenship behavior on performance judgments: A field study and a laboratory experiment, Journal of Applied Psyshology, 83(2),247-260
Allen, T. D., Eby, L. T., O'Brien, K. E., & Lentz, E. (2008). The state ofmentoring research: A qualitative review of current research methods and futureresearch implications. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 343-357.
Babin, B. J., Joseph, F., Boles, & James, S. (2008). Publishing research in
marketing journals using structural equation modeling. Journal of
Marketing Theory & Practice, 16(4), 279-285.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., Boer, E. D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2003). Job demands and job resources as predictors of absence duration and frequency. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 341-356.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management, 43(1), 83-104.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2005). The crossover of burnout and work engagement among working couples. Human Relations, 58, 661-689.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309-328.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable
distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and
statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
51(6), 1173-1182.
Bateman, T. S. & Organ, D. W. (1983). Job satisfaction and the good soldier : The relationship between affect and employee citizenship. Acade my of Managemant Jouarnal, 26, 587-595.
Batt, R., (2002). Managing customer services : Human resourse practices, quit rates and sales growth. Academy of Management Journal, 45(3), 587-597.
Bentler, P. M. & C.-P. Chou. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods & Research, 16(1), 78-117.
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York/NY: Wiley.
Brotheridge, C. M., & Grandey, A. A. (2002). Emotional labor and burnout: Comparing two perspectives of “people work”. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60, 17-39.
Brotheridge, C. M., & Lee, R. T. (2002). Testing a conservation of resources model of the dynamics of emotional labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7, 57-67.
Byrd, M. E. (2006), Social exchange as a framework for client-nurse interaction during public health nursing maternal-child home visits. Public Health Nursing, 23(3) , 271-276.
Chiu, S. F., & Tsai, M. C. (2006). Relationships among burnout, job involvement, and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Psychology, 140(6), 517-530.
Chen, Z., Eisenberger, R., Johnson, K. M., Sucharski, I. L., & Aselage, J. (2009).Perceived organizational support and extra-role performance: Which leads towhich? Journal of Social Psychology, 149(1), 119-24.
Cropanzano, R., Howes, J. C., Grandey, A. A., & Toth, P. (1997). The relationship of organizational politics and support to work behaviors, attitudes, and stress. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 159-180.
Davis, K. & Newstrom, J. W. (1987). Human behavior (7 th ed).New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499-512.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchisn, S., & Sowa,D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3),500-507.
Eisenberger, R., Fasolo, P., & Davis-LaMastro, V. (1990) Perceived organizational support and employee diligence, commitment, and innovation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(1): 51-59.
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch P. B., & Rhoades, L. (2001) Reciprocation of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 42-51.
Farh, J. L., Earley, P. C. & Lin, S. C. (1997) Impentus for action: A cultural analysis of justice and organizational citizenship behavior in Chinese society, Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(3), 421-444.
Farh, J. L., Hackett, R. D. & Liang. J. (2007) Individual-level cultural values as moderators of perceived organizational support-employee outcome relationship in China: Comparing the effects of power distance and traditionlity. Academy of Management Journal, 50(3), 715-729.
Feather, N. T., & Rauter, K. A. (2004). Orangizational citizenship behaviors in relation to job status, job insecurity , organizational commitment and identification, job satisfaction and work values. Journal of Occupational and Orangizational Psychology, 77, 81-94.
Fornell, C. R. & Larcker, F. F. (1981), Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39-51.
Giffin, M. L., Hogan, N. L., Lambert, E. G., Tucker-Gail, K. A., & Baker, D. N.(2009).Job involvement, job stress, job satisfaction, and organizatonal commitment and the burnout of correctional Staff. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 239-255.
Guzzo, R. A., Noonan, K. A., & Elron, E.(1994). Expatriate managers and psychological contract. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 617-626.
Gonzalez, M. A. (1997). Study of the relationship of stress, burnout, hardiness, and social support in urban, secondary school teachers, A Dissertation submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree Doctor Of Philosophy.
Grandey, A. A. (2000). Emotional regulation in the workplace: A new way to conceptualize emotional labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 95-110.
Hill, D. B. (1981). Attitude generalization and the measurement of trust in American leadership. Political Behavior, 3(3), 257-270.
Homans, G. (1961). Social behavior: Its elementary forms. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace.
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44: 513-524.
Hobfoll, S. E., & Shirom, A. (2001). Conservation of resources theory: Applications to stress and management in the workplace. In R. T. Golembiewski (Ed.), Handbook of organizational behavior , 57-80. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker.
The International Air Transport Association (2014). Sluggish Air Cargo Growth Continues. Retrieved from http://www.iata.org/Pages/default.aspx
Inkeles, A. (1969). Participant citizenship in six developing countries. The American Political Science Review, 63, 1120-1141.
Isen, A, & Baron, R. (1991). Positive affect as a factor in organizational behavior. Research in organizational behavior, 13(1), 1-53.
Ivancevich, J. M., Konopaske, R. & Matteson, M. (2005). Organizational behavior and management(7t ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Katz, D. (1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral Science, 9, 131-146.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978).The social psychology of organizations (2nd ed). New York, NY: Wiley.
Kankanhalli, A., Tan, B. C. Y., & Wei, K. K. (2005). Contributing knowledge to electronic knowledge repositories: An empirical investigation. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 113-143.
Konovsky, M. A. & S. D. Pagh.(1994). Citizenship behavior and social exchange. Acade my of Managemant Jouarnal 37(3), 656-669.
Kokkinos, C. M. (2007). Job stressors, personality and burnout in primary school teachers. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77, 229-243.
Krejcie, Rober, V., Morgan, & Daryle, W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
Lindquist, C. A., & Whitehead, J. T. (1986). Correctional officer job burnout: A path model. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 23, 23-42.
Lee, K., & Allen, N. (2002).Orangizational citizenship behavior and workplace deviance: The Role of Affect and Cognitions, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 131-142.
Liljegren, M. (2008). Health at work: The relationship between organizational justice, behavioral responses, and health. unpublished doctoral. dissertation, Linköping University, Sweden.
Maslach, C. and S.E. Jackson. (1981). The measurement of experienced. burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99-113.
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1984). Burnout in organizational settings. In S. Oskamp(Ed). Applied Social Psychology Annual, 5, Beverly Hill, CA: Sage.
Matteson, M. T., & Ivancevich, J. M. (1987). Controlling work stress: Effective human resource and management strategies. San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol, 52, 397-422.
Milfont, T. L. , Denny, S. J. , Ameratunga, S. N. , Robinson, E. M. , & Merry, S. N. (2008). Burnout and wellbeing: Testing the Copenhagen burnout inventory in New Zealand teachers. Social Indicators Research, 89, 169-177.
Moorman, R. H., G. L. Blakely and B. P. Niehoff, (1998). Does perceived organizational support mediate the relationship between procedural justice and organizational citizenship behavior? Academy of Management Journal, 41(3), 351-457.
New Zealand Department of Labour.(2007).Managing shift work to minimise workplace fatigue-A guide for employers.New Zealand Department of Labour.
Ng, T. W. H., & Butts, M. M. (2009). Effectiveness of organizational efforts to lower turnover intentions: The moderating role of employee locus of control. Human Resource Management, 48(2), 289-310.
Nielsen, T. M., Bachrach, D. G., Sundstrom, E., & Halfhill, T. R. (2012). Utility of OCB: Organizational citizenship behavior and group performance in a resource allocation framework. Journal of Management, 38(2), 668-694.
Robinson, S. L. & Morrision, E. W.(1995). Psychological con-tracts and OCB : The effect of unfulfilled obligations on civil virtue behavior, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 289-298.
Robbins, S.P. (2001). Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall,
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698-714.
Ronald, C. G., & Ruth, F. F. (2011). Burnout and engagement in relation with job demands and resources among dental staff in northern Ireland. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 39(1), 87-95.
Organ, D. W., Podsakoff, P. M., & MacKenzie, S. B. (2006). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature, antecedents, and consequences.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Podsakoff, P. M., Ahearne, M., & MacKenzie, S. B. (1997). Organizational citizenship behavior and the quantity and quality of work group performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(2), 262-270.
Podskoff, P. M. S. B. Mackenzie, J. B. Paine, and D. G. Bachrach. (2000). Organizational citizenship behavior: A critical review of theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management,26, 513-563.
Podsakoff, N. P. Whiting, S. W., Podsakoff, P. M., & Blume, B. D. (2009). Individual- and organizational-level consequences of organizational citizenship behaviors: A metaanalysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(1), 122-141.
Raine-Eudy, R. (2000). Using structural equation modeling to test for differential reliability and validity: An empirical semonstration. structural equation modeling, 7(1), 124-141.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2003). UWES – Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: Test manual. Department of Psychology,Utrecht University.
Sesen, H., Cetin, F., & Basim, H. N. (2011). The effect of burnout on organizational citizenship behaviour: The mediating role of job satisfaction. International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences, 1(1), 40-64.
Shirom, A. (1989). Burnout in work organizations. In C. L. Cooper & I. Robertson (Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology, 25-48.
Smith, C. A., Organ, D. W., & Near, J. P. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4), 653-663.
Stevenson, J. G., (1994). Employee Burnout and Perceived Social Support. Journal of Health and Human Resources Administration. 16(3), 350-367.
Shore, L. M. and Tetrick, L. E. (1991). A construct validity study of the survey of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(5), 637-643.
Shore, L, M., & Wayne, S. J. (1993). Commitment and employee behavior: comparison of affective commitment and continuance commitment with perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 774-780.
Sesen, H., Cetin, F., & Basim, H. N. (2011). The effect of burnout on organizational citizenship behaviour: The mediating role of job satisfaction. International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences, 1(1), 40-64.
Van Dyne, L., Graham, J. W., & Dienesch, R. M. (1994). Organizational citizenship behavior: Construction redefinition, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 765-802.
Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., & Liden, R. C. (1997). Perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange: A social exchange perspective. Aceademy of Management Journal, 40(1), 82-111.