研究生: |
駱亞俊 Ya-Chun, Lo |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
台灣西南部屏東平原地區晚第四紀沉積岩心研究 The Core Analysis of Quaternary Sediments in the Pingtung Plain, SW Taiwan |
指導教授: |
李通藝
Lee, Tung-Yi |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
地球科學系 Department of Earth Sciences |
論文出版年: | 2011 |
畢業學年度: | 99 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 96 |
中文關鍵詞: | 屏東平原 、層序地層 、岩相 、井測 、加馬射線 |
英文關鍵詞: | Pingtung Plain, sequence stratigraphy, lithofacies, well-logs, gamma-ray |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:144 下載:12 |
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本研究透過井下岩心的岩相分析及層序地層學原理對比,探討屏東平原晚第四紀沉積環境演變及地下地層架構。研究材料為中央地質調查所鑽探的32口岩心及加馬井測資料,由岩性及沉積特徵,可區分出11種岩相;再藉由不同的岩相組合,可歸類出8種沉積環境。之後利用沉積相及加馬井測資料的變化判斷海水面升降變化,劃分出各井層序,並透過全球海水面變化曲線及定年資料,進行層序對比。本研究透過加馬射線及定年資料分析出2個時間尺度為萬年的層序,及7個時間尺度為千年的層序。我們使用中央地質調查所提供的10口井共30筆碳14定年資料,年代範圍為4337年至14510年,對比屏東平原境內的32口測井的層序。從定年資料中得知,20ky時,全球海水面達到最低點(Siddall, 2003)(加馬射線值最小),最大海漫面為9ky(加馬射線值最大);之後加馬射線值逐漸變小,於8ky時達到最小值,為層序界面的位置,隨後加馬射線值逐漸增加,於6ky時達到最大值,為最大海漫面的位置。加馬射線具有高解析度及穩定的特性,即使在觀察岩心的岩性及沉積特徵時均呈一致不變的狀態,但透過加馬射線訊號疊加的變化仍可有效的區分層序循環,且劃分結果與沉積相劃分結果相當一致。加馬射線資料不僅反映出沉積相所提供的大尺度層序循環特徵,同時具備更精細及更準確的靈敏度。屏東平原西南部濱海地區的沉積環境變遷主要是以濱面相至前濱相與上遠濱相的彼此交替為主;在屏東平原西南部臨近濱海地區的內陸區域,有出現障壁島到潟湖的沉積環境,而位於屏東平原北邊的高屏溪流域範圍內,則是以辮狀河為主的沉積環境;位於中央山脈西翼的區域,則以沖積扇環境為主。透過屏東平原境內電測井中的加馬射線訊號疊加特徵及層序對比,屏東平原區域內的斷層或構造作用,尚未對於層序發展造成的影響不明顯。加馬射線訊號擺盪疊加特徵在海相、濱海相以及陸相環境中均具有相當穩定的循環現象;所以在層序地層相關的研究上,加馬射線井測分析法是一個必要且實用的研究工具。
The Pingtung plain is located at southwestern Taiwan, it consists of fluvial and alluvial fan depositional systems. We use the sequence stratigraphy method to rebuild the stratigraphic architecture under the Pingtung plain and to infer the paleo-environment and the sea level evolution.
This study uses 32 drilled cores and well logs in the Pingtung Plain to define the stratigraphic characteristics of Quaternary deposition in this area. Eleven lithofacies and eight facies associations are recognized. Further analysis on the sedimentary facies enables depositional environment classification for paleo-environments ranging from offshore transition to alluvial fan environments. The offshore transition and shoreface environments identified on the cores near the current seashore. The fluvial facies was identified on the cores along the recent Kaoping River. The paleo drainage basin was similar to the recent drainage basin. Alluvial fan environment was recognized to have located at the east side of Chaozhou fault.
Other then that, C14 dating results were available to constrain the absolute ages. The stacking patterns from gamma-ray cores help to define different systems tracts. 6 sequence boundaries can be identified from the logs. They are of the so-called 6th-order sequences. And they can be grouped into two 5th-order sequences. The two 5th-order sequences identified from gamma-ray logs are identical to the sequences interpreted from lithofacies analysis. The gamma-ray logs in general, have higher resolution than the conventional cores and provide a good tool for stratigraphic correlation.
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