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研究生: 賴雅馨
論文名稱: 執著的音樂教育家 - 論Nadia Boulanger的音樂思維及成就
指導教授: 黃均人
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 音樂學系
Department of Music
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 112
中文關鍵詞: 娜迪亞‧布蘭傑美國音樂
英文關鍵詞: Nadia Boulanger, American Music
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 娜迪亞‧布蘭傑(Nadia Boulanger)是二十世紀最具影響力的音樂教師之一,她對音樂的想法影響全世界的音樂家至少超過三代,不只有作曲家,而是包括了音樂領域中所有的人。更驚人的是,她以一位法國音樂家的身分,卻指導出無以數記的美國優秀作曲家,奠定了二十世紀美國現代音樂的基礎;許多世界各地的傑出音樂工作者,也都曾受教於她。
    本論文分為四章:第一章對布蘭傑的相關文獻作詳細探討;第二章細述其生平重要成就以及與美國音樂之間的關係;第三章則深入分析其至今仍影響古典音樂界的重要音樂思維;第四章則對其思維及成就作一總結。

    第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 文獻回顧與探討 4 第二章 布蘭傑的生平及其與美國之關係 13 第一節 娜迪亞.布蘭傑的生平概述 13 -音樂世家 13 -巴黎音樂院求學時期 15 -1910年代:演奏與作曲領域之努力 16 -1920年代:專業音樂教學地位的確立 22 -1930年代:指揮領域的成就 24 -1950年代之後:來自世界各地的榮耀 30 第二節 布蘭傑與美國 31 -1920年代之前的美國音樂環境 31 -與美國的正式接觸 34 -二次世界大戰前-楓丹白露美國音樂學院時期 36 -二次世界大戰期間-旅居美國時期 41 -二次世界大戰後-重新定居巴黎 43 第三章 布蘭傑的音樂思維 46 第一節 教學 46 -教師的角色 46 -教學的想法 49 -師生關係 50 -技巧(規則)和自由 51 第二節 音樂的基本能力 56 -聽與唱 57 -和聲與對位 62 -記憶力 72 -視奏能力 78 -樂曲分析 79 第三節 音樂的呈現 82 -個人風格 82 -想像力和創造力 88 第四節 面對音樂應有的態度 92 -專注力 93 -求知欲 95 -奉獻 99 第四章 結論 102 參考書目 108

    一、 書籍
    Austin, William W. Music in the 20th century: from Debussy through Stravinsky. New York: Norton, 1966.

    Bonet, Narcís. A Collection of Given Basses and Melodies. Barcelona: Dinsic Publicacion Musicals, 2006.

    Campbell, Don G. Master Teacher Nadia Boulanger. Washington, D. C.: The Pastoral Press, 1984.

    Carter, Elliott. Flawed Words and Stubborn Sounds: A conversation with Elliott Carter. New York: Norton, 1971.

    Copland, Aaron. Copland on Music. New York: Norton, 1963.

    Copland, Aarno, and Vivian Perlis. Copland: Since 1943. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1989.

    Crawford, Richard. A History: America’s Musical Life. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001.

    Edwards, Allen. Flawed Words and Stubborn Sounds: A conversation with Elliott Carter. New York: Norton, 1971.

    Goss, Madeleine. Modern Music-Makers. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1952.

    Griffiths, Paul. Modern Music: A Concise History. New York: World of Art, 1994.

    Heintze, James R. Perspectives on American Music Since 1950. New York: Garland, 1999.

    Hodeir, André. Since Debussy: A View of Contemporary. New York: Da Capo Press, 1975.

    Karollyi, Otto. Modern American Music: From Charles Ives to the Minimalists. London: Cygnus Arts, 1996.

    Kendall, Alan The Tender Tyrant: Nadia Boulanger a life devoted to music. London: Macdonald and Jane’s Publishers Limited, 1976.

    Kingman, Daniel. American Music: A Panorama. New York: Schirmer Books, 1990.

    Lang, Paul Henry. Music in Western Civilization. New York: Norton, 1941.

    Monsaingeon, Bruno. Mademoiselle: Conversations with Nadia Boulanger. Great Britain: Carcanet Press Limited, 1985.

    Morgan, Robert P. Twentieth-Century Music: A History of Musical Style in Modern Europe and America. New York: Norton, 1991.

    Nicholls, David. American Experimental Music 1890-1904. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

    Pollack, Howard. Harvard Composers: Walter Piston and His Students, from Elliott Carter to Frederic Rzewski. New York: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1992.

    Reis, Claire R. Composer, Conductors and Critics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1955.

    Rosenstiel, Léonie. Nadia Boulanger: A Life in Music. London and New York: Norton, 1998.

    Sablosky, Irving L. American Music. London: Midway Reprint, 1969.

    Schenberg, Harold. The Great Conductor. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1967.

    Spycket, Jérôme. Nadia Boulanger. Stuyvesant NY: Pendragon Press, 1992.

    Stravinsky, Igor. Poetics of Music: In the Form of Six Lessons, Translated by Arthur Knodel and Ingolf Dahl. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970.

    Struble, John Warthen. The History of American Classical Music: MacDowell Through Minimalism. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 1995.

    Tischler, Barbara L. An American Music: The Search for an American Musical Identity. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.

    Wood, Henry Joseph. About Conducting. London: Scholarly Press, 1972.

    二、 期刊文章
    Bessom, Malcolm, and Aaron Copland. “Conversation with Copland,” Music Educators Journal, LIX, 7 (March 1973), 40-49.

    Boulanger, Nadia. “Lectures on Modern: Delivered, Under the Auspices of the Rice Institute Lectureship in Music, January 27, 28, and 29, 1925” Rice Institute Pamphlet, Vol. 13, No. 2 (April 1926): 113-195.

    Brooks, Jeanice. “Noble et grande servante de la musique: Telling the Story of Nadia Boulamger’s Conducting Career.” The Journal of Musicology, Vol. 14, No.1 (Winter 1996): 92-116

    . “The Fonds Boulanger at the Bibliotheque Nationale,” Notes, Vol. 13, No. 2 (June 1995): 1227-1237.

    . “Nadia Boulanger and The Salon of the Princesse de Polignac.” Jourenal of the American Musicological Society XLVI, No. 3, (Fall 1993): 415-435.

    Carter, Elliott “Walter Piston,” The Musical Quarterly, XXXII, 3 (July 1946): 354-373.

    Cole, Hugo “Composers, Performers and Interpreters.” The Musical Times, Vol. 99, No. 1385 (July 1958): 366-368.

    Dumm, Robert W. “Nadia Boulanger at 75,” The Christian Science Monitor (April 14, 1962): 17.

    . “Talking About the Piano with Nadia Boulanger and Leon Fleisher” Clavier, 38, No. 8 (October 1999):20-23.

    Hoover, Suzanne. “Nadia Boulanger.” The American Scholar (Fall 1977): 496-502.

    Potter, Caroline. “The Twentieth Century-Nadia and Lili Boulanger: Sister Composers.” The Musical Quarterly 83, no.4, (1999): 536-557.

    Sellers, James. “Lessons with Nadia Boulanger and The Art of Improvisation, An Interview with Gerre Hancock.” Clavier. (May 2004):10-18.

    Simeone, Nigel. “Articles-Offrandes Oubliees 2-Nigel Simeone Traces the Epistolary Relationship Between Olivier Messiaen and Nadia Boulanger.” The Musical Times 142, No. 1874, (2001): 17-22.

    Thomson, Virgil. “Transplanted Traditions,” Musical America, LXXV (February 15, 1955): 29.

    . “Greastest Music Teacher,” New York Times Magazine, (February 4, 1962): 24.

    三、 碩博士論文
    Brown, Bruce A. “Nadia Boulanger: Her Influence on American Music” M.D. dissertation, Midwestern University, 1974.

    Walters, Teresa “Nadia Boulanger, Musician and Teacher: Her Lift, Concepts, and Influences” Ph.D. dissertation, Peabody Conservatory, 1981.

    四、 報紙
    焦元溥,〈跨世紀天才對話-永遠的音樂神童〉,《聯合副刊》December 19, 2006。

    Barnard, Eunice. “Radcliffe Permits Harvard Men to Join Music Course Given by Mlle. Boulanger,” New York Times, 12 December, 1937.

    Copland, Aaron. “Boulanger-20th Century Music Was Born in Her Classroom,” New York Times, 22 September, 1977.

    Hughes, Allen. “Nadia Boulanger, Teacher of Top Composers, Dies,” New York Times, 23 October, 1979.

    Ozzard, K. T. “Enter A Woman Conductor,” Boston Evening Transcript, 16 February 1938.

    Rich, Alan. “The Busy Boulanger,” New York Times, CXI, 25 February, 1962.

    . “Nadia Boulanger-Multitude of Activities Fill Her Visit Hetre,”
    New York Times, 1 March, 1939.

    Schonberg, Harold C. “Nadia Boulanger Directs Philharmonic for the Second Time,” New York Times, 17 February, 1692.

    Thomson, Virgil. “Greatest Music Teacher-at 75,” The New York Times, CXI, 4 February, 1962.

    “Nadia Boulanger Coming,” The New York Times, 3 April, 1937.

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