背景：否能藉由營養增補劑來減緩運動誘發肌肉損傷 (exercise-induced muscle damage, EIMD) 的程度，以期達到促進生理恢復及維持後續的運動訓練是近年來重要的研究議題之一。其中，beta-丙胺酸的增補已被發現能減緩運動時自由基的提升，是否能進一步降低運動時肌肉組織的損傷，目前尚無研究針對beta-丙胺酸增補與運動誘發肌肉損傷的關係進行探討。目的：探討四週的beta-丙胺酸增補對下坡跑運動後肌肉損傷的影響。方法：16名男性大專體育科系學生，依最大攝氧量 (VO2max) 表現進行配對分組：beta-丙胺酸組 (beta-丙胺酸錠劑) 與安慰劑組 (纖維素錠劑)，並以雙盲實驗設計進行增補，每日攝取三次 (共4.8克) 並持續增補四週後，進行30分鐘強度為70% VO2max的下坡跑運動 (-15%)。參與者在下坡跑運動後仍持續增補3天，並於運動前30分鐘、運動後第48和72小時進行肌酸激酶 (creatine kinase, CK)、最大等長肌力 (maximal voluntary isometric contraction, MVIC)、主動關節活動度 (active range of motion, AROM) 與肌肉痠痛 (muscle soreness, MS) 的檢測。另外，在運動前30分鐘及運動後第24小時檢測氧化傷害指標丙二醛 (malondialdehyde, MDA) 的濃度。以混合設計二因子變異數分析進行統計分析。結果：下坡跑運動後兩組別之CK、MS於運動後第48小時皆顯著的增加，而MVIC與AROM則顯著降低。此外，beta-丙胺酸組之CK於運動後第72小時 (200 ± 79.03 U/L) 顯著低於安慰劑組 (503.17 ± 289.33 U/L, p < .05)；AROM於運動後第48與72小時 (111.88 ± 1.94 度、122.19 ± 3.67 度) 顯著高於安慰劑組 (103.44 ± 7.28度、109.3 ± 5.65度)。然而，在所有時間點上，MVIC與MS的恢復情形，以及MDA的反應，兩組別間並沒有達顯著差異。結論：四週的beta-丙胺酸增補可能有減緩下坡跑運動後肌肉損傷的效益，特別是降低CK與維持AROM，但在MDA與MS和MVIC上則沒有顯著的效益。

關鍵詞：肌肽、離心運動、肌酸激酶、氧化傷害、增補劑

Background: In recent years, the issue whether nutritional supplements can be used to reduce the levels of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), and therefore enhance physiological recovery has received great attention. Among them, beta-alanine supplementation has been proven to reduce the free radicals produced during the exercise. Whether the reduced free radicals can lead to reduced EIMD, no research has yet investigated the relation between beta-alanine supplements and EIMD. Purpose: To investigate effects of four weeks of beta-alanine supplementation on muscle damage induced by downhill running. Methods: 16 male college students were recruited to participate in this study. Participants were matched and assigned into beta-alanine group and placebo group. Supplementation was performed in a double-blind experimental design. All participants received beta-alanine supplement (4.8g‧d-1) or a placebo three times a day for 4 wk. After a 4-wk supplementation, participants performed the downhill running lasted for 30 mins at a decline of -15% and at a corresponding to about 70% VO2max. Moreover, participants continued to consume supplements for 3 days after downhill running. Serum creatine kinase (CK), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), active range of motion (AROM), and muscle soreness (MS) were measured before, and 48 and 72 hrs after exercise. In addition, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured before and 24 hrs after exercise. Two-way mixed ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Results: After exercise, CK and MS at 48 hrs post-exercise were significantly higher whereas MVIC and AROM were significantly lower in both groups. Furthermore, CK in beta-alanine group (200 ± 79.03 U/L) was significantly lower at 72 hrs post-exercise when compared to placebo group (503.17 ± 289.33 U/L)(p < .05). At 48 and 72 hrs post-exercise, AROM in beta-alanine group was significantly higher than placebo group (p < .05). However, at all time points, there were no significant differences in MVIC, MS, and MDA between groups. Conclusion: Four weeks of beta-alanine supplementation may have benefits in reducing the levels of EIMD, epseically in CK and AROM, but not in MVIC, MS, and MDA.
Keywords: carnosine, eccentric exercise, creatine kinase, oxidative damage, supplement

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