摘要
糞生菌(coprophilous fungi)是以草食性動物排遺物做為生長基質的真菌，包括接合菌亞群(Zygomycotina)、子囊菌亞群(Ascomycotina)
、擔子菌亞群(Basidiomycotina)、不完全菌亞群(Deuteromycotina)以及目前已被歸為原生生物界(Kingdom Protista)的網柱細胞黏菌(Dictyostelia)和集胞細胞黏菌(Acrasea)等。草食性動物的糞物宛如一個自給自足的小型生態系，是實驗室內做真菌形態、分類學的最佳研究材料。吾人採集草食性動物的糞物加以培養且觀察各種糞生菌的形態及消長情況，並加以鑑定，提供給後起工作者的參考及比對。本論文共記錄細胞黏菌兩綱兩種：真菌動物綱(Class Eumycetozoa)、網柱細胞黏菌亞綱(Subclass Dictyostelia)的擬毛黴網柱細胞黏菌(Dictyostelium mucoroides Brefeld)以及集胞細胞黏菌綱(Class Acrasea)的雪白擬水滴集胞細胞黏菌(Guttulinopsis nivea Raper , Worley & Kessler)。接合菌亞群四屬五種，包括水玉黴屬(Pilobolus)一種：結晶水玉黴(P. crystallinus ( Wiggers ) Tode)；卷黴屬(Circinella)一種：擬毛黴卷黴(C. mucoroides Saito)；毛黴屬(Mucor)兩種：凍土毛黴(M. hiemalis Wehmer)以及爪哇毛黴(Mucor javanicus Wehmer)；枝柄黴屬(Thamnostylum)一種：梨狀枝柄黴(T. piriforme ( Bain. ) von Arx & Upadhyay)。子囊菌亞群六屬八種，包括糞盤菌屬(Ascobolus)兩種：沈生糞盤菌(A. immersus Pers. : Pers.)以及鋸緣糞盤菌(A. crenulatus P. Karst.)；袋生糞盤菌屬(Saccobolus)一種：橙色袋生糞盤菌(S. citrinus Boud. & Torrend)；艷盤菌屬(Ascophanus)一種：粒狀艷盤菌(A. granulatus (Bull.) Speg.)；肉盤菌屬(Iodophanus)一種：橙色肉盤菌(I. carneus (Pers. : Pers.) Korf)；糞殼菌屬(Sordaria)兩種：糞生糞殼菌(S. fimicola (Rob.) Ces. & De Not.)以及巨孢糞殼菌(S. superba De Not.)；毛殼菌屬(Chaetomium)一種：球毛殼菌(C. globosum Kunze: Fries)。擔子菌亞群一屬一種，包括鬼傘屬(Coprinus)一種： C. patouillardii Quel. apud Patouillard。其中雪白擬水滴集胞細胞黏菌(Guttulinopsis nivea)以及擬毛黴卷黴(Circinella mucoroides)為臺灣新紀錄種。

Abstract
By using moist chamber method, sixteen species of the coprophilous fungi from dungs of herbivorous were isolated and identified namely: Dictyostelium mucoroides Brefeld, Guttulinopsis nivea Raper Worley & Kessler, Pilobolus. crystallinus ( Wiggers ) Tode, Circinella mucoroides Saito, Mucor hiemalis Wehmer, Mucor javanicus Wehmer, Thamnostylum piriforme ( Bain. ) von Arx & Upadhyay, Ascobolus immersus Pers. : Pers., Ascobolus crenulatus P. Karst., Saccobolus citrinus Boud. & Torrend, Ascophanus granulatus (Bull.) Speg., Iodophanus carneus (Pers. : Pers.) Korf, Sordaria fimicola (Rob.) Ces. & De Not., Sordaria superba De Not., Chaetomium globosum Kunze : Fries and Coprinus patouillardii Quel. apud Patouillard. Among these, Guttulinopsis nivea and Circinella mucoroides are described as new records in Taiwan.

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