本研究之主要目的在於了解臺灣地區青少年對菸害防制法之認知、遵行意願及遵行行為之分佈、關聯、相關、差異及預測等各種關係。
本研究以八十八學年度就讀於臺灣地區各國中、高中及高職之全體學生為研究母群，以機率比率抽樣法抽取國中十五校、高中四校及高職六校為樣本學校，於各樣本學校之每一年級中以隨機抽樣法各抽取一班為樣本班級，以各樣本班級之全體學生為樣本進行問卷調查，以自編之調查表為研究工具，計得有效調查表2838份。
本研究之主要發現如下：
一、受試者之吸菸行為：
(一)53.4%從未吸菸，46.6%曾經吸菸。
(二)曾經吸菸者中，25.5%之累計吸菸量超過100支菸，74.5%未超過。
(三)曾經吸菸者中，13.0%現在每天吸菸，23.0%現在偶爾吸菸，64.0%現在完全不吸菸。
(四)曾經吸菸者中，第一次吸菸的年級以國小五、六年級最多，佔24.8%；第一次吸菸的地方以家中最多，佔37.7%。
(五)現在每天及偶爾吸菸者之菸齡以未滿一年最多，佔30.7%；每週吸菸量以五支以下最多，佔48.3%。
(六)現在每天及偶爾吸菸者中，86.1%較喜歡進口菸。
二、受試者社會參考團體之吸菸行為：54.0%父親吸菸，7.0%母親吸菸，17.4%兄弟姊妹中有人吸菸，16.3%導師吸菸，62.6%比較要好的朋友中有人吸菸。
三、性別、家中排行、居住地都市化程度、父親教育程度、父親職業之專業程度、母親教育程度及母親職業之專業程度等七項社會人口學變項，學校所在區域、學校所在地都市化程度、學校隸屬、學校類別及年級等五項就學特性，父親是否吸菸、母親是否吸菸、兄弟姊妹中是否有人吸菸、導師是否吸菸及比較要好的朋友之吸菸情形等五項社會參考團體吸菸行為，共計十七項變項與受試者是否曾吸過菸之間均有顯著關聯；性別、家中排行、居住地都市化程度及母親教育程度等四項社會人口學變項，學校所在區域、學校隸屬、學校類別及年級等四項就學特性，父親是否吸菸、母親是否吸菸、兄弟姊妹中是否有人吸菸、導師是否吸菸及比較要好的朋友之吸菸情形等五項社會參考團體吸菸行為，共計十三項變項與受試者現在之吸菸行為之間有顯著關聯。
四、整體而言，受試者對菸害防制法之認知不足，遵行意願尚佳，遵行行為未徹底展現。
五、受試者對菸害防制法之認知、遵行意願及遵行行為之間均有顯著正相關。
六、受試者是否曾經吸菸在對菸害防制法之遵行意願及遵行行為有顯著差異；受試者不同之現在吸菸行為在對菸害防制法之認知、遵行意願及遵行行為均有顯著差異。
七、受試者之社會人口學變、就學特性、吸菸行為及社會參考團體之吸菸行為可預測對菸害防制法之認知，分別為全體受試者4.2%、從未吸菸者6.6%。
八、受試者對菸害防制法之認知、其社會人口學變、就學特性、吸菸行為及社會參考團體之吸菸行為可預測對菸害防制法之遵行意願，分別為全體受試者26.8%、從未吸菸者16.6%、曾經吸菸者30.1%、現在完全不吸菸者8.0%。
九、受試者對菸害防制法之認知、遵行意願、其社會人口學變項、就學特性、吸菸行為及社會參考團體之吸菸行為可預測對菸害防制法之遵行行為，分別為全體受試者25.0%、從未吸菸者14.6%、曾經吸菸者35.2%、現在每天吸菸者35.7%、現在完全不吸菸者20.1%。
最後，根據研究結果，提出若干建議，供臺灣地區之青少年、青少年之社會參考團體、學校、政府、社會大眾及未來相關之研究參考。

The main purpose of this study was to explore the distribution, relativity, correlation, diversity and prediction on the cognition, compliance willingness and compliance behavior to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act among the adolescents in Taiwan Area. All the students at the junior high, senior high and vocational high schools in Taiwan enrolled in the 1999 academic year were included in the population. The PPS method was used to select the sample, and a questionnaire was developed as the instrument. Totally, there were 25 schools with 2838 students in the sample.
The main findings of the study are as follows:
1.The ever smoking rate among the subjects was 46.6%. Of them, in accumulation, 25.5% smoked more than 100 cigarettes, 13.0% are regular smokers, 24.8% started smoking at their fifth or sixth grade, and 37.7% smoked their first cigarette at home.
2. Among the regular and occasional smokers, 30.7% smoked cigarettes shorter than one year, 48.3% smoked less than five cigarettes weekly and 86.1% favored foreign cigarettes.
3.The smoking rate among the subjects' fathers was 54.0%, mothers, 7.0%, teachers, 16.3%; 17.4% had at least one brother or sister smoked, 62.6% had one or more good friends smoked among the regular and occasional smokers.
4.The subjects' smoking experience had significant relativities with all twelve demographic variables and the smoking behaviors of five social reference groups.
5.The subjects' ever smoked or not had significant relativities with seven demographic variables, five schooling variables and the smoking behaviors of five social reference groups; the subjects' present smoking status had significant relativities with four demographic variables, four schooling variables and the smoking behaviors of five social reference groups.
6.In a word, the subjects were in insufficient cognition, good compliance willingness and little compliance behavior with regard to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act.
7.There was significant correlation between cognition, compliance willingness and compliance behavior with regard to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act.
8.There were significant differences on cognition, compliance willingness and compliance behavior with regard to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act based on the subjects' present different smoking behaviors.
9.There were significant differences on compliance willingness and compliance behavior to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act based on the subjects' smoking experience.
10.The demographic variables, schooling variables, smoking behaviors and the smoking behaviors of social reference groups can be used to predict the variate of the cognition to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act, the rate of prediction was 4.2% for all subjects and 6.6% for never smokers, respectively.
11.The cognition to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act, the demographic variables, schooling variables, smoking behaviors, the smoking behaviors of social reference groups can be used to predict the variate of the compliance willingness to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act, the rate of prediction was 26.8% for all subjects, 16.6% for never smokers, 30.1% for ever smokers and 8.0% for non-smokers, respectively.
12.The cognition and the compliance willingness to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act, the demographic variables, schooling variables, smoking behaviors, the smoking behaviors of social reference groups can be used to predict the variate of the compliance behavior to the Tobacco Hazard Control Act, the rate of prediction was 25.0% for all subjects, 14.6% for never smokers, 35.2% for ever smokers, 35.7% for regular smokers and 20.1% for non-smokers, respectively.
Based on the findings of this study, eleven recommendations have been submitted with regard to the related people, groups and further research.

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