研究生: |
劉書呈 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
電泳式顯示器之視訊影像驅動設計 Signal Processing for Playing Videos on Electrophoretic Displays |
指導教授: |
高文忠
Kao, Wen-Chung |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2013 |
畢業學年度: | 101 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 83 |
中文關鍵詞: | 電泳式顯示器 、電子紙 、視訊影像 |
英文關鍵詞: | Electrophoretic display (EPD), E-paper, Video |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:168 下載:27 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
電泳式顯示器(EPD)擁有雙穩態、寬視角等特性,容易在任何光源下閱讀,因此非常適合應用於電子閱讀器(E-Readers)的顯示螢幕。目前電泳式顯示器顯示靜止圖像的方法已經有很好的研究結果,但是如何在電泳式顯示器播放視訊影像還是一個很大的挑戰,這是因為電泳式顯示器的反應速度比液晶顯示器低很多,至今,還沒有任何電子閱讀器可以流暢播放視訊影像。
本論文設計一套影像處理軟體,用於最佳化EPD播放視訊影像,分析在連續frames之每個像素的變化,根據連續frames之間的每個像素之停滯時間的時間參數進行補償,最後再將影像驅動的資訊及記錄著驅動正負電壓的持續時間的資訊送入EPD系統內,該軟體可自動最佳化指定播放速率下的播放效果。此外我們設計了擾動波形,改善驅動視訊影像時所產生的擴散問題,並使用影像處理技術,使電泳式顯示器可播放較複雜的灰階影像。
The electrophoretic display (EPD) has been popularly applied on electronic readers (E-Readers), but its response time is still a bottleneck such that none of commercial E-Readers can play videos on the EPD smoothly. In this paper, the detailed issues regarding the response time of the EPD are well addressed. An image processing tool based on the measured response speed under different image retention time has been proposed. Although the response time of the EPD is still lower than liquid crystal displays, the tool can automatically optimize the video quality under the specified data frame rate. In addition, we also design alternative approach which solves the problem of pixel diffusion by giving a pre-shaking the all unchanged pixel.
[1] K. Amundson and T. Sjodin, “Achieving graytone images in a microencapsulated electrophoretic display,” in Proc. SID’06 Dig., 2006, pp. 1918–1921.
[2] B. Comiskry, J. D. Albert, H. Yoshizawa, and J. Jacobson, “An electrophoretic ink for all printed reflective electronic display,” Nature, vol. 394, pp. 253–255, July 1998.
[3] R. C. Liang, J. Hou, J. Chung, X. Wang, C. Pereira, and Y. Chen, “Microcup active and passive matrix electrophoretic displays by roll-to-roll manufacturing processes,” in Proc. SID’03 Dig., 2003, pp. 838–841.
[4] Y. Komatsu, H. Kawai, T. Kodaira, S. Hirabayashi, M. Miyasaka, S. Nebashi, and T. Shimoda, “A flexible 7.1-in. active-matrix electrophoretic display,” in Proc. SID’06 Dig., 2006, pp. 1830–1833.
[5] H. Gates, T. Ohkami, and J. Au, “Improved electronic controller for image stable displays,” in Proc. SID’06 Dig., 2006, pp. 1406–1409.
[6] A. Henzen, J. Kamer, T. Nakamura, T. Tsuji, M. Yasui, M. Pitt, G. Duthaler, K. Amundson, H. Gates, and R. Zehner, “Development of active-matrix electronic-ink displays for handheld devices,” J. SID, vol. 12, no 1, pp. 17–22, 2004.
[7] Y. Chen, J. Au, P. Kazlas, A. Ritenour, H. Gates, and M. McCreary, “Flexible active-matrix electronic ink display,” Nature, vol. 423, pp. 136, May 2003.
[8] H. Gates, R. Zehner, H. Doshi, and J. Au, “A5 sized electronic paper display for document viewing,” in SID’05 Dig., 2005, pp. 1214–1217.
[9] W. C. Kao, “Electrophoretic display controller integrated with real-time halftoning and partial region update,” J. Display Technol., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 36–44, Jan. 2010.
[10] W. C. Kao, J. A. Ye, F. S. Lin, P. Y. Cheng, and R. Sprague, “Configurable timing controller design for active matrix electrophoretic display,” IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 1–5, Feb. 2009.
[11] L. A. Goodman, “Passive liquid display: liquid crystals, electrophoretics, and electrochromics,” IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 247–259, Aug. 1975.
[12] I. Ota, J. Ohnishi, and M. Yoshiyama, “Electrophoretic image display (EPID) panel,” in Proc. IEEE, vol. 61, no. 7, July 1973, pp. 832–836.
[13] T. Bert and H. D. Smet, “The microscopic physics of electronic paper revealed,” Displays, vol. 24, pp. 103–110, 2003.
[14] R. Hattori, S. Yamada, Y. Masuda, and N. Nihei, “Novel type of bistable reflective display using quick response liquid powder,” SID’03 Dig., 2003, pp. 846–849.
[15] W. C. Kao, J. J. Liu, and M. I Chu, “Integrating photometric calibration with adaptive image halftoning for electrophoretic displays,” IEEE/OSA J. Display Technol., vol. 6, no.12, pp. 625–632, Dec. 2010.
[16] R. Zehner, K. Amundson, A. Knaian, B. Zion, M. Johnson, and G. Zhou, “Drive waveforms for active matrix electrophoretic displays,” in Proc. SID’03 Dig., 2003, pp. 842–845.
[17] M. T. Johnson, G. Zhou, R. Zehner, K. Amundson, A. Henzen, and J. Kamer, "High-quality images on electrophoretic displays," J. SID, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 175–180, Feb. 2006.
[18] W. C. Kao, J. J. Liu, M. I Chu, Y. K. Wang, and T. H. Yang, "Photometric calibration for image enhancement of electrophoretic displays," in Proc. IEEE International Symposium Consumer Electronics (ISCE), Braunschweig, Germany, Jun. 2010, pp. 1–2.
[19] W. C. Kao, J. A. Ye, F. S. Lin, C. Lin, and R. Sprague, “Configurable timing controller design for active matrix electrophoretic display with 16 gray levels,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference Consumer Electronics (ICCE), Las Vegas, Jan. 2009. pp. 1–2.
[20] W. C. Kao, J. A. Ye, M. I Chu, and C. Y. Su, “Image quality improvement for electrophoretic displays by combining contrast enhancement and halftoning techniques,” IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 15–19, Feb. 2009.
[21] W. C. Kao, J. A. Ye, and C. Lin, “Image quality improvement for electrophoretic displays by combining contrast enhancement and halftoning techniques,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference Consumer Electronics (ICCE), Las Vegas, Jan. 2009. pp. 1–2.
[22] E. Reinhard, E. A. Khan, A. O. Akyuz, and G. M. Johnson, Color Imaging: Fundamentals and Applications, A K Peters Ltd., Jul. 2008.
[23] R. A. Ulichney, “Dithering with blue noise,” Proc. IEEE, vol 76, no 1, Jan. 1988, pp. 56–79.
[24] A. Khan, T. Schneider, E. Montbach, D. J. Davis, N. Miller, D. Marhefka, T. Ernst, and J. W. Doane, “Recent progress in flexile color reflective cholesteric display,” J. SID, vol. 16, no 2, pp. 245–249, 2008.
[25] H. Kawai, M. Miyasaka, A. Miyazaki, T. Kodaira, S. Inoue, T. Shimoda, K. Amundson, R. J. Paolini Jr., M. McCreary, and T. Shimoda, “A flexible 2-in. QVGA LTPS-TFT electrophoretic display,” in SID’05 Dig., 2005, pp. 1638–1641.
[26] S. Inoue, H. Kawai, S. Kanbe, T. Saeki, and T. Shimoda, “Highresolution microencapsulated electrohoretic display (EPD) driven by poly-Si TFTs with four-level grayscale,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 49, no. 8, pp.1532–1539, Aug. 2002.
[27] R. C. Liang, J. Hou, H. Zang, J. Chung, and S. Tseng, “Microcup displays: electronic paper by roll-to-roll manufacturing processes,” J. SID, vol. 11, no 4, pp. 621–628, 2003.
[28] E Ink Inc, http://www.eink.com
[29] SiPix Microcup, http://wiki.mobileread.com/wiki/SiPix
[30] E. Kishi, Y. Matsuda, Y. Uno, A. Ogawa, T. Goden, N. Ukigaya, M. Nakanishi, T. Ikeda, H. Matsuda, and K. Eguchi, “Development of in-plane EPD,” SID’00 Dig., 2000, pp. 24–27.
[31] J. S. Yeo, T. Emery, G. Combs, V. Korthuis, J. Mabeck, R. Hoffman, T. Koch, Z. L. Zhou, and D. Henze, “Novel flexible reflective color media integrated with transparent oxide TFT backplane,” SID’10 Dig., 2010, pp. 1041–1044.