本研究以社會學習理論及模仿的二因子理論為基礎，預測由於年齡不同所帶來認知能力上的差異，將會影響到兒童的動作模仿表現。研究問題是在檢驗當兒童學習全新動作時，提供口語示範加口語複誦的策略是否最有幫助兒童動作模仿的表現，以及檢驗在不同年齡群的兒童之間，其達到正確動作順序的表現及動作過程品質的表現是否存在年齡差異。本研究的實驗參加者選自幼稚園中班女生共19名，平均年齡5.15歲；國小二年級女生共24名，平均年齡8.27歲，隨機分配成安靜示範、口語示範及口語示範加口語複誦三組。本研究以達到正確動作順序之試作次數及動作過程品質分數為依變項，經二因子變異數分析，結果發現達到正確動作順序表現方面，年齡的主要效果達統計上的顯著水準；示範型式的主要效果未達統計上的顯著水準，並且年齡與示範型式之間無交互作用。在動作過程品質方面，年齡及示範型式的主要效果均未達統計上之顯著水準，並且年齡、示範型式之間均無交互作用。因此，本研究的結論有二點：(一)兒童模仿全新動作時，在達成正確動作順序及動作過程品質表現方面，三種示範策略之間的表現皆沒有差異；(二)兒童模仿動作時，口語示範加口語複誦策略或口語示範策略，在達成正確動作順序的表現方面，存有年齡差異現象，但其在動作過程品質的表現方面，則沒有年齡差異的現象。

Based on social learning theory and two-factor theory of imitation, the prediction of this study was the different cognitive ability with the age differences will affect the motor performance of childern while imitation. The research questions of this study were to examine if verbal model plus verbal rehearsal was the best strategy for imitating a novel motor task, and to examine if age differences existed in quantitative and qualitative motor reproductions. The female participants of this study were selected from kindergarden (N=19; average age=5.15 years) and the second grade of elementary school (N=24; average age=8.27 years) whom were randomly assigned to silent model, verbal model, and verbal model plus verbal rehearsal conditions. Quantitative and qualitative scores were assessed as dependent variables. Two-way ANOVAs revealed a significant age main effect in quantitative motor reproduction. No interaction was found between age and model type. No main effects and interactions were found in qualitative motor reproduction. Two conclusions of this study were drawn as follows: (1) the motor repoduction of either using verbal model plus verbal rehearsal or verbal model strategy was not superior to the silent model strategy while imitating novel motor task, and there were not differences in three modeling strategies; (2) age differences existed in quantitative motor reproduction, but not in qualitative motor reproduction.