本研究的主要目的有四：一、編製出適合用以評估國小學童的霸凌經驗、與自我意象的量表工具。二、探討性別、城鄉別，以及不同自我意象程度者，在國小學童的霸凌經驗上的差異情形。三、探討國小學童的自我意象，對其霸凌經驗的影響機制和路徑。四、編製並實施正向教學課程，據此探討課程用於改善國小學童的霸凌經驗、與提升其自我意象之成效。為完成前三項目的，本研究以「調查研究法」進行資料蒐集，並以臺灣地區1108名高年級學童為研究對象，採用結構方程模式、多變量變異數分析、獨立樣本t考驗來進行資料分析。另外，為達成第四個目的，本研究採用「準實驗研究法」，以臺北市一所國小共42名高年級學童為研究對象，並以多變量共變數分析，評估課程的實施成效。結果發現：一、在性別差異方面，國小高年級男童的霸凌經驗多於女童，且以「肢體霸凌」、「口語霸凌」、「性霸凌」為主要的傷人手法；而以「肢體霸凌」、「性霸凌」為主要的受害內涵。二、在城鄉別方面，居住於鄉鎮地區的國小學童，比居住於都市的學童，展現出較多的霸凌加害行為，並反映在「口語霸凌」與「性霸凌」等層面上。三、自我意象為低分組的學童，比自我意象為高分組者，顯示出較多的霸凌問題，並反映在霸凌加害及其所涵蓋的「口語霸凌」，及霸凌受害與所涵蓋的「口語霸凌」、「性霸凌」、「關係霸凌」等向度上。四、國小學童的自我意象對其霸凌受害存有直接效果，亦會透過霸凌受害而對其霸凌加害產生間接效果。五、正向教學課程能改善國小學童的霸凌加害、霸凌受害之情形，亦能提升其自我意象。

The four aims of this research are (1) to develop scales that can be used to evaluate children’s
bully experiences and self-image, (2) to explore relationships between children’s bully experiences
and their gender, residence, and self-image, (3) to investigate the impact of children’s self-image on
bully experiences, and (4) to develop and implement a curriculum based on positive psychology,
aiming to decrease bully behaviors and promote positive self-images.
Aims 1-3 were fulfilled with data from 1,108 senior elementary-school students. Data analysis
methods included structural equation modeling, multivariate analysis of variance, multivariate
analysis of covariance, and t-test. For aim 4, a quasi-experiment was designed and performed for 42
Grades 5-6 children in an elementary school in Taipei city to examine the effect of the curriculum.
The major findings were as follows. (1) Boys suffered more from bully experiences than girls.
Boy perpetrators bullied their schoolmates physically and sexually, while boy victims were bullied
physically, orally, and sexually. (2) Rural children bullied their schoolmates orally and sexually more
than urban children. (3) Children with low degrees of self-image suffered more from bully
experiences than those with high degree of self-image in the aspect of oral, sexual, and relational
bullies. (4) Self-image played a direct role in being bully victims, which in turn played a role in
becoming bully perpetrators. (5) The curriculum based on positive psychology could reduce bullies
and improve self-image.

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神奇變身水。http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/grHzdfWYToA/
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教育部反霸凌宣導影片（二）。https://csrc.edu.tw/bully/playMovie.asp?id=17
感人的遺書。http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUTuTedcXow&feature=related
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尼克.胡哲─我那好得不像話的人生。http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=isYFevAY-Uk
用腳飛翔的女孩─蓮娜瑪麗亞。http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_Ufw28A0x8
生命停止抱怨。http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzIyg8ISEHk
臺灣女人。http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5ss0JX9tA0
Selina遭火吻影音報導。http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlceQ7GLsOs

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