雙頻道葡萄糖/尿素碳六十固定化酵素選擇性電極之研製與應用

中文摘要
本研究合成固定化碳六十/葡萄糖氧化酵素(C60-Glucose Oxidase)和固定化碳六十/尿素水解酵素(C60-Urease)並分別應用在葡萄糖及尿素選擇性C60-Cryptand[2,2] / PVC電極感測系統中，用以偵測待測溶液中的葡萄糖或尿素分子。酵素所以能充當檢測生體成分的工具，是因其基質特異性高且能讓反應在和緩條件下進行。在C60-Cryptand[2,2]葡萄糖薄膜電極系統中，偵測葡萄糖分子被葡萄糖氧化酵素催化為葡萄糖酸經解離得到的氫離子，而C60-Cryptand[2,2]尿素選擇性薄膜電極中，偵測水溶液中尿素分子經尿素水解酵素催化所形成的銨根離子。實驗中將分別探討碳六十固定化酵素及PVC的含量、溫度、pH值的改變及干擾因子對電極電位變化的影響。在葡萄糖選擇性薄膜電極偵測系統中，固定化C60-Glucose Oxidase在30oC左右的溫度下，有很好的催化效果，而最適pH值則在7附近，且發現當膜上所含C60-Glucose Oxidase的量增加時，催化的效果越明顯。在干擾係數的測定方面，一些血液中常見的鹼金族及鹼土族的離子選擇性係數在10-2左右。在尿素選擇性薄膜電極偵測系統中，最適pH值也在7附近而最佳溫度為室溫。在干擾離子方面，大部分干擾離子的選擇性係數也在10-2左右，血液中常見的有機物如半乳糖、半胱銨酸、酪銨酸及維他命C，幾乎對此系統於葡萄糖及尿素的測定上沒影響。

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