研究生: |
王品媛 Wang, Pin-Yuan |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
成年初顯期未婚男性經驗伴侶人工流產之歷程與心理調適 The Study of the Adjustment for Unmarried Males Who Experienced Their Mates’ Abortion in Emerging Adulthood. |
指導教授: | 鄔佩麗 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
教育心理與輔導學系 Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling |
論文出版年: | 2018 |
畢業學年度: | 107 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 203 |
中文關鍵詞: | 人工流產 、成年初顯期 、調適 、歷程 |
英文關鍵詞: | Adaptation, Abortion, Emerging adulthoods, Process |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DEPC.001.2019.F02 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:250 下載:40 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在探討未婚男性在成年初顯期間經歷其伴侶人工流產之經驗,並採用質性研究中的敘事研究法,藉由研究參與者的生命故事敘說、研究者的理解與詮釋,以瞭解未婚男性經歷此經驗的影響與因應方式。研究者以立意取樣邀請三位研究參與者,其經歷其伴侶人工流產的年齡在 21 至 30 歲之間,研究者以半結構式訪談大綱進行訪談,並將研究參與者的訪談內容轉錄為文本,再以敘事研究中的「整體-內容」進行分析。
本研究結果發現研究參與者於成年初顯期經歷其伴侶人工流產之經驗的心理歷程與調適如下,第一,男性與其伴侶討論人工流產之決策歷程會以經濟、保護伴侶的身體與健康為主;第二,男性於其伴侶人工流產後的情緒會依時間有所更改,一開始會產生看似妥善解決壓力事件的放鬆,隨後會有失落、難過與自責等情緒隨之而生;第三,男性於其伴侶人工流產後的自我調適多以自行承擔為主,若有宗教信仰者,則會透過宗教的儀式舒緩心中的不安與愧疚;第四,男性於伴侶人工流產後,會對於往後的感情較為謹慎與呵護,且會更加留意、照顧年幼的孩子,而感受的部分會有些難過、感慨。
最終,研究者根據上述研究結果與發現,分別對於心理專業工作人員、經驗其伴侶人工流產者,以及未來研究提出建議。
關鍵字:人工流產、成年初顯期、調適、歷程
The purpose of this study intends to understand the experiences of unmarried males who experienced their mates’ abortion in emerging adulthood. The data has been collected and analyzed by the narrative study. The author is intersted in understanding how these experiences influence the participants and how they reacted to it. With purposive sampling, the author invites three participants who experienced their mates’ abortion when they were 21-30 years old. The participants has been interviewed by semi- structured questionaire, and the data is analyzed with “whole- content” of the narrative research.
The result indicates that the mental process and adjustment of the participants who experienced their mates’ abortion in emerging adulthood. First, the decision process of abortion is mainly based on the participants and their mates’ financial
situation and the desire to protect mates’ health. Second, the emotions of males after their mates’ abortion vary as time goes on. They feel relaxed at first, due to the good settlement of the pressure, then they had the feeling of being lost, depressed and guilty will follow. Third, after their mates’ abortion, males usually take self-adjustment as their own account. They might relieve their anxiety and guilt through their belief as well. Last, after their mates’ abortion, males will be more sensitive and careful to the following relationship.
Finally, according to the above research and findings, the author makes some suggestions for psychologists and other males who are interested in this issue.
KEYWORDS: Adaptation, Abortion, Emerging adulthoods, Process
中文部分
內政部戶政司統計調查(2018):民國105年台灣地區第十二次家庭與生育調查報告。取自衛生福利部國民健康署網站:https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=370&pid=1289,2018年10月5日。
方紫薇(2010):網路沈迷、因應、孤寂感與網路社會支持之關係:男女大學生之比較。教育心理學報,41(4),773-798。
王行(1998):解放男人。臺北:探索文化。
王維禛(2011):絕口不提的「孩子」:性別化的性與墮胎。國立中山大學社會學系碩士論文。
江志豐(2010):探討大學生之宗教信仰價值。中華大學應用數學學系碩士論文。
何粵東(2005):敘說研究方法論初探。應用心理研究,25,55-72。
余文友(2017):認知風格與壓力因應策略對生涯適應力之預測性研究。國立清華大學教育心理與諮商學系在職進修專班碩士論文。
吳佩芬(2008):在校園縫隙遊走的女孩-非預期懷孕技專青少女之校園經驗。國立臺灣師範大學公民教育與活動領導學系碩士論文。
吳念恩(2008):癲癇病患社會支持、健康自我管理能力與工作適應之相關性研究。東海大學社會工作學系碩士論文。
呂欣芹、方俊凱、林綺雲(2007):自殺者遺族悲傷調適之任務─危機模式初步建構。中華輔導學報,22,185-221。
李玉嬋(2009):人工流產諮商機制配套措施與資源整合運用模式之建立。臺北:行政院衛生署。
李玉嬋、蔡育倫、張惠安(2015):人工流產諮詢/諮商實務中涉及跨專業的記錄與衛教項目。諮商與輔導,354,52-60。
李明濱(2005):壓力人生-情緒管理與健康促進。臺北:健康。
李欣姿(2010):未成年墮胎經驗對成年前期女性親密關係之影響。國立臺南大學諮商與輔導學系碩士論文。
李從業、周承珍、劉盈君(2002):青少年與人工流產。護理雜誌,50(4),65-80。
李逢堅、陳彥聿(2006):青少女墮胎經驗之研究。臺灣性學學刊,12(1),25-4。
李碧娥(1999):未婚女性施行人工流產手術的經驗歷程。臺灣性學學刊,5(2),12-24。
李碧娥、楊玉娥(1999):未婚女姓接受人工流產前後的照護需求。護理雜誌,19(2),459-469。
李德芬、周才忠、林美珍、陳嘉鳳(2004):青少女懷孕對其生理、心理社會之衝擊。臺灣性學學刊,10(2),93-110。
李德芬、林美珍(2008):探討懷孕青少女對懷孕事件之經驗感受。家庭教育與諮商學刊,5,31-59。
李潔玲(2014):男性於大學階段與性伴侶發生非預期懷孕經驗之歷程與調適。台南大學諮商與輔導學系碩士論文。
林仁廷(2001):尋與逃:一個失聲男性對情與力的辯證。輔仁大學心理學系碩士論文。
林玲瑜(2007):女性非預期懷孕及人工流產之身體經驗。國立屏東大學教育學系碩士論文。
林婉玉(2002):未婚青少女學生墮胎的相關照護需求之探討。南化大學生死學研究所碩士論文。
林綺雲(2005):社會文化與悲傷反應。生死學研究,2,107-127。
林儀甄(2012):悲傷者在哀悼過程中內在轉化之敘說研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育心理輔導研究所碩士論文。
邱仁宗(1988):生死之間:道德難題與生命倫理。臺北:中華書局。
胡幼慧(2010):質性研究:理論、方法及本土女性研究實例。臺北:巨流圖書。
胡伯維(2015):群聚效應:教育城鄉差距的根源、變遷與軌跡。國立清華大學 社會學研究所碩士論文。
胡雅玲(2008):住院安胎期間男性配偶所面臨的困境。護理雜誌,55(4),93-97。
孫晨、高靜、晁騰飛(2008):人工流產手術-術前早知道。北京:化學工業出版社。
高淑清(2008):質性研究的18堂課-首航初探之旅。臺北:麗文。
張美櫻(2013):道教生命文化研究析論。臺北:蘭臺網路。
梅惪惠(2010):未婚女性非預期懷孕與人工流產之心理調適。國立暨南國際大學輔導與諮商研究所碩士論文。
許家華(2007):由生育自主權重新檢視自願墮胎行為之相關法規範。國立中正大學法律學研究所碩士論文。
許晨韋(2014):成年初顯期年輕人待業歷程與生涯調適力之紮根研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學系碩士論文。
郭怡伶(2007):阿魯巴,酷MAN?。臺北:女書。
郭彥麟(2016):男人玻璃心-親愛的,我想明白你。臺北:寶瓶。
陳安琪(2004):以批判女性主義觀點探討中年父親父職角色實踐與父子關係之跨世代影響。國立高雄師範大學性別教育研究所碩士論文。
陳韋樺(2009):早期自主墮胎的中年婦女之生命經驗敘說。嘉義大學輔導與諮商研究所碩士論文。
彭英慈(2005):成年男性喪父(母)親之哀傷經驗敘說研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育與心理輔導所碩士論文。
程景琳、廖小雯、林書萱(2009):台灣成年初顯期現象初探。未出版手稿。台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學系。
鈕文英(2014):質性研究方法與論文寫作。臺北:雙葉
黃君綺(2001):高知識婦女的墮胎醫療經驗。國立臺灣大學建築與城鄉研究所碩士論文。
黃彼得(2000):基督教信仰問題釋疑。臺北:臺灣中國信徒佈道會。
黃郁雅(2002):成年男性面對癌症母親死亡之調適過程。東海大學社會工作研究所碩士論文。
黃偉軫(2005):墮胎的道德問題之母胎關係。國立中央大學哲學研究所碩士論文。
黃惠惠(2002):情緒與壓力管理。臺北:張老師。
葉何賢文(2003):悲傷調適歷程及生命意義展現之研究-以喪子(女)父母為例。南華大學生死學研究所碩士論文。
葉珍杏、郭泰真(2001):照顧一位未婚懷孕少女施行人工流產的照護經驗。助產雜誌,44,79-92。
賈馥茗、楊深坑(1993):教育學方法論。臺北:五南。
廖珍娟(1998):早期親子依戀情感之增進。護理雜誌,35(3),23-30。
潘淑滿(2003):質性研究:理論與應用。臺北:心理。
蔡美惠(2015):探討中老年原住民在宗教信仰、記憶抱怨與憂鬱狀況之關係。國立屏東大學教育心理與輔導學系研究所碩士論文。
蔡淑芳(2004):已婚婦女人工流產經驗與婚姻關係之研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商學系在職進修專班碩士論文。
鄭君紋(2010):一位成年女性在青少女階段未婚懷孕的生育決定與出養經驗之敘事研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文。
鄭惠娟(2002):未婚懷孕青少年進入婚姻的生活經驗。國立台灣大學碩士論文。
黎小娟、陳玉玲(2003)。以RU486施行早期人工流產的已婚婦女之生活經驗,護理雜誌,50(4),50-58。
賴怡霖(2007):喪親兒童的失落與復原。諮商與輔導,262,25-28。
賴維淑(2014):哀傷撫慰之陪伴倫理。安寧療護,19(1),67-75。
瞿海源、畢恆達、劉長萱、楊國樞(2011):社會及行為科學研究法(二):質性研究法。臺北:東華書局。
藍珮榕(2006):非預期懷孕成年已婚婦女面臨人工流產之決策樹模式建立。國立臺北護理健康大學生死教育與輔導研究所碩士論文。
蘇絢慧(2008):於是,我可以好好說再見:悲傷療癒心靈地圖。臺北:寶瓶。
釋正果(1992):佛教基本知識。臺北:財團法人佛陀教育基金會。
吳芝儀(譯)(2008):敘事研究:閱讀、詮釋與分析。(原作者: Lieblich, A., Mashiach, T. R., & Zilber, T.)。嘉義:濤石。(原著出版年:1998)
段鑫星(譯)(2007):長大成人-你所要經歷的成人初顯期。(原作者:Arnett. J. J.)北京:中國輕工業。(原著作出版年:2004)。
馮克芸譯(1996):懶得外遇。(原作者:Bombeck, M.)臺北:智庫。(原著出版年:1993)。
劉大悲譯(1990):意志與表象的世界。(原作者:Schopenhauer, A.)。臺北:志文出版社。(原著出版年:1819)。
羅惠荺、陳秀珍譯(1994):現代心理學:生活適應與人生成長(原作者:Morris, C. G. )。(原出版年:1990)。臺北:美亞書版。
英文部分
Addis, M. E., & Mahalik, J. R. (2003). Men, masculinity, and the contexts of help seeking. American Psychologist, 58, 5-14.
Aléx, L., & Hammarström, A. (2004). Women's experiences in connection with inducedabortion- a feminist perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 18(2), 160- 168.
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 5, 469-480.
Arnett, J. J. (2004a). Adolescence and emerging adulthoos: A cultural apptoach(2nd ed).Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall.
Arnett, J. J. (2004b). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens throuth the twenties. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
Arnett, J. J. (2007). Emerging adulthoos: What is it, and what is it good for? Child Development Perspectives, 1, 68-73.
Arnett, J. J. (2013). The evidence for generation we and against generation me. Emerging Adulthood, 1, 5-10.
Arnett, J. J. (2014). Presidential Address: The Emergence of Emerging Adulthood: A Personal History. Emerging Adulthood, 2(3). 155-162.
Arnett, J. J. (2015). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties (2 ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Arnett, J. J.(2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 5, 469-480.
Arnett, J. J., & Walker, L. (2014). The five features of emerging adulthood: National patterns. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Bloom, P. B. N., & Arikan, G. (2012). A Two-Edged Sword: The Differential Effect of Religious Belief and Religious Social Context on Attitudes Towards Democracy. Political Behavior, 34(2), 249-276.
Bradshaw, Z., & Slade, P. (2003). The effects of induced abortion on emotional experences and relationships: A critical review of the literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 929-958.
Bradshaw, Z., & Slade, P. (2005). The relationships between induced abortion, attitudes towards sexuality and sexual problems. Sexual and Relationship Therapy 20, 391-406.
Broen, A. N., Moum,T. B., Bödker, A. S. & Ekeberg, O. (2002). Psychological impact on women of miscarriage versus induces abortion: A 2-year follow-up study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66, 265-271.
Broen, A. N., Moum,T. B., Bödker, A. S. & Ekeberg, O. (2005). Reasons for induced abortion and their relation to women's emotional distress: A prospective, two-year follow-up study. General Hospital Psychiatry, 27, 36-43.
Brotman, L. M., Gouley, K. K., Klein, R. G., Castellanos, F. X., & Pine, D. S. (2003). Children, stress, and context: Integrating basic, clinical, and experimental prevention research. Child Development, 74, 1053–1057.
Chickering, A. W., & Havighurst, R. J. (1981). The life cycle. In A. W. Chickering & Associates (Eds.), The modern American college: Responding to the new realities of diverse students and a changing society (pp. 16-50). SF: Jossey-Bass.
Cohen, P., Kasen, S., Chen, H., Hartmark, C., & Gordon, K. (2003). Variations in patterns of developmental transmissions in the emerging adulthood period. Developmental Psychology, 39(4), 657-669.
Coleman, K. P., Coyle, T. C., Rue, M. V., & Spence, M. (2008).Abortion and the sexual lives of men and women: Is casual sexual behavior more appealing and more common after abortion? International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 8(1), 77-91.
Coleman, P. K., Reardon, D. C., Strahan, T., & Cougle, J. (2005). The psychology of abortion: A review and suggestions for future research. Psychology and Health, 20(2), 237–271.
Coleman, P. K., Vincent, V. M., & Spence, M. (2007). Intrapersonal Processes and Post-Abortion Relationship Challenges: A Review and Consolidation of Relevant Literature. Internet Journal of Mental Health, 4(2), 1-1
Coyle, C. T., & Rue, V. M. (2015). Men's perceptions concerning disclosure of a partner's abortion: Implications for counseling. European Journal of Counselling Psychology, 3(2). 159-173.
Coyle, C. T., Coleman, P. K., & Rue, V. M. (2010). Inadequate preabortion counseling and decision conflict as predictors of subsequent relationship difficulties and psychological stress in men and women. Traumatology, 16(1), 16-30.
Coyle, T. C., & Rue, M. V. (2010). Men's Experience of Elective Abortion: A Mixed Methods Study of Loss. The Journal of Pastoral Counseling , XLV, 4-31.
Crunk, A. E., Burke, L. A., & Robinson, E. H. M. (2017). Complicated Grief: An Evolving Theoretical Landscape. Journal of Counseling & Development, 95 (2), 226-233.
Doka, K. J.(2002). Disenfranchised grief: New directions, challenges, and strategies for practice. Champaign, IL: Research Press.
Doka, K. J.(2008). Disenfranchised grief in historical perspective. In M.S. Stroebe, R. O. Hansson, H. Schut, & W. Stroebe(Eds.), Handbook of bereavement research and practice: Advance in theory and intervention (pp. 223-240). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Dovitch, D., & Puy, D. C. (1997). The Healing Choice: Your Guide to Emotional Recovery After an Abortion. D.C. : Touchstone.
Erikson, E. H. (1993). Childhood and society. New York: Norton.
Fincham, F. K., Koon, J. T., Olmstead, S.B., Paseley, K.& Puhlman, D. J. (2013) College men, unplanned pregnancy, and marriage: What do the expect? Journal of Sex Research, 50(8), 808-819.
Fok, Y. W., Siu, N. S.S., & Lau, K. T. (2006). Sexual dysfunction after a first trimester induced abortion in a Chinese population. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 126(2). 255-258.
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1988). The relationship between coping and emotion: Implications for theory and research. Social Science and Medicine, 26(3), 309-317.
Forman, S. G. (1993). Coping skills interventions for children and adolescents. State of New Jersey, NJ:John Wiley & Sons.
Fuligni, A. J.(2007). Family obligation, college enrollment, and emerging adulthood in Asian and Latin American families. Child Development Perspectives, 1, 96-100.
Gentzler, L. A., & Kerns, A. K. (2004). Associations between insecure attachment and sexual experiences. Personal Relationships, 11, 249-265.
Golden, E. (2006). Narrative in the study of resilience. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 61, 205-227.
Goldie, P. (2001). Grief: A narrative account. Ratio , 24(2).119-137.
Goodman, J., Schlossberg, N. K., & Anderson, M. L. (2006). Counseling adults in transition: Linking practice with theory (3rd ed.). New York: Springer.
Halldén, B. M., & Christensson, K. (2010). Swedish young men’s lived experiences of a girlfriend’s early induced abortion. International Journal of Men's Health, 9(2), 126-143.
Halldén, B. M., & Christensson, K. (2010). Swedish young men’s lived experiences of a girlfriend’s early induced abortion. International Journal of Men's Health, 9(2), 126-143.
Hansen, A. (2006). ’Trampering with Nature: ”Nature” and the “Natural” in Media Coverage of Genetics and Biotechnology’. Culture&Society, 28(6).811-834.
Hirooka, K., Fukahori, H., Ozawa, M., & Akita, Y. (2017). Differences in posttraumatic growth and grief reactions among adolescents by relationship with the deceased. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 73(4), 955-965.
Humphrey, G., & Zimpfer, D. (1996). Counselling forgrief and bereavement. London: Sage.
Jamieson, L. M & Wade, T. J.(2011).Early Age of First Sexual Intercourse and Depressive Symptomatology amony Adolescents. The Journal of Sex Research, 48(5), 450-460.
Kero, A., & Lalos, A.(2004). Reactions and reflections in men, 4 and 12 months post-abortion. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 25, 135-143.
Koestner, R. & Losier. G. F.(1996). Distinguishing reactive versus reflective autonomy . Journal of Personality, 64(2). 465-494.
Kroelinger, C. D., Oths, K. S. (2000). Partner support and pregnancy wantedness. Birth, 27(2), 112-119.
Kübler- Ross, E.(1969).On death and dying. New York, NY: Macmillan.
LaGrand, L. E. (1986).Coping with separation and loss as a young adult: theoretical and practical realities. Springfield, IL: C. C. Thomas.
Lazarus R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. NY: Springer Publishing Company.
Levant, R. F. (1996). The new psychology of men. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 27(3), 259-265.
Levinson, D. J. (1986). A conception of adult development. American Psychologic, 41, 3-113.
Levinson, D. J., Darrow, C. N., Klein, E. B., Levinson, M, H., & McKee, B. (1978). The Seasons of a Man’s life. NY: Ballantine.
Limmer, M. (2014). The Pressure to Perform: Understanding the Impact of Masculinities and Social Exclusion on Young Men’s Sexual Risk Taking. International Journal of Men’s Health,13(3), 184-202.
Loreto, R. P. (2011). Introduction to the special section on grief, loss, and bereavement. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 33(1), 1-3.
Luecken, L. J., & Lemery, K. (2004). Early caregiving and adult physiological stress responses. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 171–191.
Luecken, L. J., Kraft, A., Appelhans, M., & Enders, C. (2009). Emotional and cardiovascular sensitization to daily stress following childhood parental loss. Developmental Psychology, 41(1), 296-302.
Luk, D. M., & Shaffer, M. A. (2005). Work and family domain stressors and support: Within-and cross-domain influences on work-family conflict. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78, 489-508.
Mahalik, J. R., Good, G. E., & Englar-Carlson, M. (2003). Masculinity scripts, presenting concerns and help seeking: Implications for practice and training. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34, 123-131.
Marforah, F., Wood, K., & Jewkes, R(1997). Backstreet abortion: Women's experience. Curationis, 21(2), 79-82.
Martha S., & Mark, S. (2010). helping men with the trauma of miscarriage. Psychotherapy Theory ,Research, Practice, Training, 47(3), 288-295.
Martin, T., & Doka, K. J. (2002). Man don’t cry woman do: Tran- seconding gender stereotypes of grief. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner Mazel.
Matud, M. P.(2004).Gender differences in stress and coping styles. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1401-1415.
Maykut, P. & Morehouse, R. (1994). Beginning Qualiitative Research: A Philosophic and Practical Guide. London, Washington, D.C.: The Falmer.
Monroe, S. M., & Harkness, K. L. (2005). Life stress, the “kindling” hypothesis, and the recurrence of depression: Considerations from a life stress perspective. Psychological Review, 112(2), 417-445.
Neimeyer, A. R. (2006). Lessons of Loss: A Guide to Coping. New York: Norton.
Nelson, L. J. (2009). An examination of emerging adulthood in Romanian college students. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 33, 402-411.
Nelson, L. J., Chen, X. (2007). Emerging adulthood in China: The role of social and cultural factors. Child Development Perspectives, 1(2), 86-91.
Parkes, C. M. (1998). Bereavement : Studies of grief in adult life (3rd. ed.). Madison, Conn. : International Universities Press.
Patterson, A. V. (2012). Emerging adulthood as a unique stage in erikson's psychosocial development theory: Incarnation v. impudence. The University of Texas at Arlington.
Pedersen, W. (2008). Abortion and depression: A population-based longitudinal study of young woman. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 36, 424-428.
Ptacek, J. T., Smith, R. E., & Dodge, K. L. (1994). Gender Differences in Coping with Stress: When Stressor and Appraisals Do Not Differ. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 421-430.
Reeves, R. (2004). Men remain stuck in cages of their own vreation. Newstatesman. 133: 19-21.
Reisser, T. (1994). The Effects of Abortion on Marriage and Other Committed Relationships. Association for Interdisciplinary Research in Values and Social Change, 6(4).
Riessman, C.K. (1993). Narrative Analysis. Qualitative Research Methods Series, No.30. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Robson, F. M. (2002). ‘Yes! - A chance to tell my side of the story’: A case study of a male partner of a woman undergoing termination of pregnancy for foetal abnormality. Journal of Health Psychology, 7(2), 183-193.
Rue, V. M. ( 2007 ) . Impact of abortion on men. Retrieved from http://www.menandabortion.info/l0-aftermath.html.
Rue, V. M. (1985). Abortion in relationship context. International Review of Natural Family Planning, 9(2), 95-121.
Schwartz, S. J., Côté. J. E. & Arnett, J. J. (2005). Identity and agency in emerginf adulthood: Two development routes in the individualization process. Youth and Society, 37, 201-229.
Shuchter, S. R. & Zisook, S. (1993). The course of normal grief. In R. O. Hansson, B. N. Carpenter& S. K. Fairchild. (Eds.).Handbook of bereavement (pp.22-43). New York,NY;Cambridge University .
Sihvo, S., Bajos, N., Ducot, B., & Kaminski, M.(2003). Women’s life cycle and abortion decision in unintended pregnancies. Journal of Epidemiology Community Health, 57, 601-605.
Sirsch, U., Dreher, E., Mayr, E., & Willinger, U.(2009). What does it take to be an adult in Austria? Views of adulthood in Austrian adolescents, emerging adults, and adults. Journal of Adolescent Research, 24, 275-292.
Speckhard, A. C., & Rue, V. M. (1992). Postabortion syndrome: An emerging public health concern. Journal of Social Issues, 48, 95-119.
Strahan, T. W. (1994). Grief Responses from Induced Abortion. Association for Interdisciplinary Research in Values and Social Change, 6(3). Retrieved from http://www.lifeissues.net/writers/air/air_vol6no3_1994.html
Thorne, A., & Mclean, K. C.(2002).Gendered reminiscence practices and self-definition in late adolescence, Sex Rolex, 46(9-10), 267-277.
Trybulski, J. (2006). Women and abortion: the past reaches into the present. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 54(6), 683-690.
Turton, P., Badenhorst, W., Hughes, P., Ward, J., Riches, S., & White, S. (2006). Psychological impact of stillbirth on fathers in the subsequent pregnancy and puerperium. British Journal of Psychiatry, 188, 165-172.
Twenge, J. M. (2013). The evidence for generation me and against generation we. Emerging Adulthood, 1, 11-16.
Walter, C. A., & McCoyd, J. L. M. (2015). Grief and loss across the lifespan, second edition: A biopsychosocial perspective. New York, NY: Springer.
Weenolsen, P. (1988). The transcendence of loss over the life span. NY: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.
Wolfelt, A. D. (2006). Toward an understanding of complicated grief: A comprehensive overview. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 8(2), 28-30.
Worden, J. W., Davies, B., & McCown, D. (1999). Comparing parent loss with sibling loss. Death Studies, 23(1), 1-15.
Yilmaz, O., & Bahçekapili, H. G. (2015). Without God, Everything is Permitted? The Reciprocal Influence of Religious and Meta-Ethical Beliefs. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 58, 95-100.