本研究旨在探討影像回饋及其實施時宜，對動作模仿學習的動作型式空間準確性的影響。以30名在參與本實驗前從未學習過太極拳的女性大學生為實驗參加者，並隨機分派至：(1)立即影像回饋組，(2)延遲影像回饋組，以及(3)控制組等三組。實驗的保留期分成10分鐘的立即保留測驗、隔天保留測驗及隔週的保留測驗。實驗操弄的變項為不同的影像回饋時宜，依變項為太極拳起勢動作的肢體空間準確性得分，並增加自我效能問卷、回饋策略的有效性及配合度問卷。依變項肢體動作空間準確性分數的資料，是以二因子混合設計變異數做統計分析，以及杜凱式HSD法進行事後比較；在手部、足部以及協調成分的空間準確性得分，則是以獨立樣本單因子變異數分析身體各肢段的平均數。本研究的結果發現：(一)初學者在模仿太極拳起勢動作的空間準確性，有提供影像回饋顯著優於沒有提供影像回饋；(二)初學者在模仿太極拳起勢動作的空間準確性，提供延遲影像回饋顯著的優於提供立即影像回饋；(三)提供延遲的影像回饋時宜在初學者模仿太極拳起勢動作的手部、足部，以及肢體間協調動作的學習上，發現部分肢段的空間準確性優於立即影像回饋時宜。

關鍵詞：影像回饋時宜、模仿、空間準確性、太極拳

The purpose of this study was, for space accuracy of movement style in movement-imitating, to investigate the effects of video-feedback and its timing on learning a Tai Chi motor task. Thirty college male students who were naive in Tai Chi were randomly assigned into one of the following three groups: (1) instantaneous video-feedback group, (2) delayed video-feedback group, and (3) control group. Ten- minutes, one-day and one-week retention tests were administered after experimental treatments. The independent variable was the video-feedback timing while the dependent variable was the score of limbs' space accuracy in the start posture of Tai Chi. Questionnaires on the self-efficacy and the effectiveness of feedback strategies, and cooperation were also used. The independent variable data were analyzed by the mixed two-way ANOVA. The Tukey's HSD method was selected to run the posterior comparisons. Furthermore, one way ANOVA was used in analyzing the score of space accuracy in different limbs. The findings showed that: (1) Spatial accuracy of novice modeling Tai Chi motor task was significantly greater than those without video-feedback, (2) Spatial accuracy of novice modeling Tai Chi motor task was also significantly better in delayed video-feedback than those in instantaneous video-feedback, (3) In the space accuracy of limbs coordination, the delayed video-feedback was higher than the instantaneous video-feedback.

Key words: video-feedback timing, modeling, spatial accuracy, Tai Chi

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