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研究生： 佘寶珠
She Pao-Chu
論文名稱： 越南北部紅河剪切帶自中生代以來應變史之探討
Meso-Cenozoic Strain Evolution Along the Red River Shear Zone, Northern Vietnam
指導教授： 李通藝
Lee, Tung-Yi
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 地球科學系
Department of Earth Sciences
論文出版年： 2004
畢業學年度： 92
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 86
中文關鍵詞： 紅河剪切帶 、應變 、應力 、葉理交軸 、塑性變形
英文關鍵詞： Red River Shear Zone, strain, stress, FIA, ductile deformation
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：242  下載：19 
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    • 摘要
    紅河剪切帶位處中南半島和南中國陸塊之間的一條地質不連續帶，自中生代以來曾受過多次變形作用。為了釐清紅河剪切帶於不同變形事件之應力所產生之應變史，我們針對從紅河剪切帶在越南北部段所採集之定向標本進行詳細的顯微構造分析。藉由測量各變形期葉理交軸之位態，進而了解各變形期應力之三維結構。顯微構造觀察分析結果顯示此區經歷有三期的塑性變形：第一期變形 (D1) 可能發生於印支期時，形成近垂直的新葉理面S1，並右旋剪切更早期的葉理S0/1；所測量出之葉理交軸 (第一組葉理軸) 為南-北向，傾角介於0˚~40˚之間，σ1為東-西向水平擠壓力。第二期變形 (D2) 可能與始新世到中新世時紅河剪切帶左移運動有關，形成近水平的新葉理面S2，並左旋剪切S1；葉理交軸 (第二組葉理軸) 為南-北向，傾角介於2˚~55˚之間，反應鉛直方向的σ1和東-西向的水平擠壓力σ2。第三期變形 (D3) 可能為開始於晚中新世與紅河剪切帶右移運動有關，形成近垂直的葉理面S3及右旋的S2；其葉理交軸 (第三組葉理軸) 為南-北向，傾角介於0˚~55˚之間，σ1為東-西向水平擠壓力。總結研究之結果，所觀測到此三期塑性變形的葉理交軸之方位一直保持南-北向，顯示其水平擠壓力一直保持東-西向，並無歷時或因地而逐漸改變方向。這一點與Huchon 等人 (1994) ，和Burchfiel (2004) 的應力場模式不符合；亦與Leloup 等人 (2001) 的拉鍊模式 (Zipper Tectonic Model) 所表示的中南半島在沿紅河剪切帶左移脫逸時，沿紅河剪切帶西北段呈滑移壓縮，東南段呈滑移伸張之現象並不符合。

    ABSTRACT
    In order to study the strain evolution of the highly deformed Red River Shear Zone (RRSZ) in northern Vietnam, matrix Foliation Intersection/Inflection Axes (FIAs) were measured from the orientated thin sections sampled between Lao Cai and Nam Dinh along the RRSZ, northern Vietnam. Microstructural observation recorded three ductile deformation events in this region. D1, possibly occurred during the Indosinian orogeny, showed the sub-vertical S1, the dextral shearing S0/1, and sub-horizontal N-S trending FIA set 1, indicating E-W compressional σ1 . The orientations of FIA set 2 and 3 remained similar to FIA set 1 (N-S trending, sub-horizontal). D2 , possibly resulted from the left-lateral strike-slip movement of the RRSZ during Eocene-Miocene, formed the sub-horizontal S2 and sinistral shearing S1, and indicated σ1 in the vertical direction and E-W compressional σ2 . σ1 changed to E-W compression during D3 , and formed the sub-vertical S3 and the dextral shearing S2 as the right-lateral strike-slip movement of RRSZ, which possibly commenced during the Late Miocene. These results correlate well with the regional tectonic framework of the Indochina. The stress patterns didn’t change along the RRSZ as predicted by the left-lateral strike-slip movement of the RRSZ of the Zipper Tectonic Model Reference. The observed stress evolutionary history since the Cenozoic is different from previous studies, e.g. Huchon et al. (1994) and Burchfiel (2004).

    目錄 誌謝 i 題獻 ii 摘要 iii ABSTRACT v 目錄 vi 圖目錄 ix 表目錄 xii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 前人研究 1 1.3 地質背景 9 1.4 研究動機與目的 12 第二章 研究方法與相關理論 15 2.1 前言 15 2.2 野外工作 15 2.3 葉理交軸 (FIA) 的分析方法 18 第三章 結果與分析 24 3.1 前言 24 3.2 各期葉理測量結果與分析 24 3.2.1 S0/1的測量結果與分析 24 3.2.2 S1的測量結果與分析 31 3.2.3 S2的測量結果與分析 34 3.2.4 S3的測量結果與分析 37 3.3 各期葉理交軸 (FIA) 測量結果與分析 40 3.3.1 第一組葉理軸 (FIA set 1) 40 3.3.2 第二組葉理軸 (FIA set 2) 46 3.3.3 第三組葉理軸 (FIA set 3) 49 第四章 討論 56 4.1 前言 56 4.2 葉理的相互疊置或重新利用再活動 56 4.3 各期葉理分析結果在研究區域所代表的地質事件意義 59 4.4 各期葉理軸分析結果對於研究區域之構造歷史的意義 63 4.5 葉理軸的研究在地體構造活動上的適用性 68 4.6 誤差的來源 70 第五章 結論 74 參考文獻 76 附錄一 S0/1和S1交集形成第一組葉理軸的位態範圍 81 附錄二 S1和S2交集形成第二組葉理軸的位態範圍 82 附錄三 S2和S3交集形成第三期葉理軸的位態範圍 84 作者簡介 86 圖目錄 圖1.1 紅河剪切帶 (Red River Shear Zone，RRSZ) 的相關地理位置圖。 2 圖1.2 板塊碰撞-脫逸模式 (Tapponnier et al., 1982)。 2 圖1.3 各種測量紅河剪切帶的左移量和右移量之整合示意圖 (整理自Leloup et al., 1995)。 4 圖1.4拉鍊構造模式 (Zipper Tectonic Model, Briais et al., 1993; Leloup et al., 2001) 5 圖1.5 50 Ma以來印度碰撞歐亞板塊和南中國海張裂造成在中南半島的應力改變的重建圖 (Huchon et al., 1994)。 8 圖1.6 晚新生代至今在藏東及其鄰近區域之大地構造概括圖-中部地殼流體模式 (Wang et al., 2001; Burchfiel, 2004)。 8 圖1.7 越南北部區域地質圖 (General Geological Department of Vietnam, 1986)。 10 圖1.8 沿紅河剪切帶片麻岩體的變質溫度-壓力-時間途徑 (P-T-t path)。 13 圖1.9 紅河剪切帶沿著中部地殼的水平剪切帶左移並發生拉張抬升變質岩體的3D圖 (Jolivet et al., 2001)。 13 圖2.1 研究區之地理位置、岩性分布、定向標本編號及採樣地點。 17 圖2.2 三期塑性變形作用之應力結構、葉理疊置情形、與葉理交軸位態之關係示意圖。 21 圖2.2 (續)。 22 圖3.1定向標本RR2-2 (片麻岩)，本研究顯微構造觀察結果在水平片和垂直片皆有四期基質葉理互相疊置。 25 圖3.1 (續)。 26 圖3.2定向標本RR2-6B水平片(角閃岩)，顯微構造觀察結果有三期基質葉理互相疊置。 27 圖3.3定向標本RR2-9B水平片(片麻岩)，顯微構造觀察結果有三期基質葉理互相疊置。 28 圖3.4 S0/1的分析結果。 30 圖3.5 S1的分析結果。 32 圖3.5 (續) 33 圖3.6 S2的分析結果。 35 圖 3.6 (續) 36 圖3.7 S3的分析結果。 38 圖 3.7 (續) 39 圖3.8 利用各期葉理交集繪製玫瑰圖以分析葉理軸 (FIA sets) 位態之方法。 40 圖3.9 第一組葉理軸的玫瑰圖分析結果。 41 圖3.10 第一組葉理軸 (FIA set 1) 的走向和傾角的擺幅及標準差變化圖。 42 圖3.11第二組葉理軸的玫瑰圖分析結果。 44 圖 3.11 (續)。 45 圖3.12 第二組葉理軸 (FIA set 2) 的走向和傾角的擺幅及標準差變化圖。 47 圖 3.12 (續)。 48 圖3.13第三組葉理軸的玫瑰圖分析結果。 50 圖 3.13 (續)。 51 圖3.14 (續)。 54 圖4.1 糜嶺岩 (Mylonite) 的 S-C or S-C’ 岩組 及主應力組成情形 (Scholz, 2002; Blenkinsop, 2000) 。 58 圖4.2各期葉理走向的擺幅比較 62 圖4.3 強塑性偶合模式 (Strong Plastosphere Model； Scholz, 2002)。 66 圖4.3晚二疊紀-中三疊紀之古地理模式 (Cater et al., 2001) 。 71 表目錄 表 2.1本研究區採樣地點之位置和定向標本之岩性 16

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