本研究之目的旨在探討台北市國小學童生活壓力與其身體活動量及健康體適能之關係，本研究以台北市八所國小之六年級學童為抽樣母群，有效樣本為348名，以「兒童生活壓力量表」、「三日身體活動回憶紀錄表」及體適能檢測為測量工具，所獲得之資料以單因子變異數分析、薛費氏法事後比較及皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法進行分析。本研究之重要結論如下：
（一）男生對壓力的感受程度顯著小於女生，而身體活動量則顯著大於女生。
（二）壓力較大之男生，其身體活動量也較小，而心肺適能也較差，且壓力愈大其結果愈顯著。
（三）女生壓力較小者，其身體活動量則較大，而心肺適能也較好，且壓力愈小其結果愈顯著。
（四）男生之壓力分別與身體活動量及仰臥起坐呈負相關顯著，與八百公尺（秒）則呈正相關顯著；而身體活動量則與身體質量指數及八百公尺呈負相關顯著，與仰臥起坐呈正相關顯著。
（五）女生之壓力與身體活動量呈負相關顯著，與八百公尺則呈正相關顯著；而身體活動量則與坐姿體前彎及仰臥起坐呈正相關顯著，與八百公尺呈負相關顯著。
整體而言，壓力與身體活動量及健康體適能可說是息息相關，壓力較大之學童，其身體活動量較低，而健康體適能也較差。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among life-stress, physical activity, and health-fitness of primary school students in Taipei. The valid subjects were 348 six-grade students from 8 primary schools in Taipei, and they were asked to fill out the questionnaires（includes “Children’s daily hassles scales”＆“Bouchard three-day physical activity record”）and to measure their health-fitness. Statistical analyses were done by using one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’ method and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. The findings were：(1) the life-stress of boys were significant lower than girls’, and the physical activity were significant higher than girls’, (2) the boys who felt the higher life-stress , their physical activity were less and the cardio- vascular fitness were also worse, and when the life-stress was higher, the result was more significant, (3) the girls who felt the life-stress lower, their physical activity were more, the cardiovascular fitness were also better, and when the life-stress was lower, the result was more significant, (4) in boys the correlations of life-stress with physical activity and one minute Sit-Ups were significantly negative, and it was positive between life-stress and 800m(sec); the correlations of physical activity with body mass index(BMI) and 800m were significantly negative, and it was positive between physical activity and one minute sit-ups, (5)the correlation of life-stress with physical activity was significantly negative in girls, and it was positive between life-stress and 800m; the correlations of physical activity with Sit-and-Reach and one minute Sit-Ups were significantly positive, and it was negative between physical activity and 800m.
Generally speaking, life-stress has a very close relationship with physical activity and health-fitness. That is to say, children with higher life-stress tend to have fewer physical activities and worse health-fitness.

一、中文部分
賴保禎、張利中、周文欽、張德聰、劉嘉年。（民88）。壓力與健康。健康心理學。台北：國立空中大學。
楊玉女。（民80）。兒童的生活壓力、自我能力評估及其適應行為之相關研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文，未出版。
方進隆。（民82）。健康體能的理論與實際。台北市：漢文書店。
方進隆。（民86）。提昇體適能的策略與展望。教師體適能指導手冊。台北市：國立台灣師範大學體育研究與發展中心。
方進隆。（民80）。台北市國中女生體型及體能狀況調查研究。健康促進國際研討會資料彙編，頁46-47。
三民書局新辭典編纂委員會。（民78）。新辭典。台北：三民書局。
李明濱。（民86）。壓力處理與心理輔導。醫學的人性面：情緒與疾病。台北：國立台灣大學醫學院。
高源令。（民81）。國小學生日常生活壓力之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文，未出版。
蔡淑菁。（民85）。台北市國小學童體能活動及其影響因素之研究。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所碩士論文，未出版。
李彩華。（民87）。台北市國中生身體活動量及其影響因素之研究。國立台灣師範大學體育研究所碩士論文，未出版。
盧俊宏。（民83）。運動心理學。台北市：師大書苑。
李明憲。（民87）。國小、國中學生體能活動、健康體能相關影響因素之調查研究----以花蓮縣宜昌國民小學、宜昌國民中學二所學校為例。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育學系博士學位論文，未出版。
孫安迪。（民89）。你有沒有壓力症候群？。中國時報89年10月24日，39版醫藥保健。台北市：中國時報。
曾肇文。（民85）。國小學童學校壓力、因應方式、社會支持與學校適應之相關研究。國立新竹師範學院初等教育研究所碩士論文，未出版。
李新鏘、林宜美、陳美君、陳碧玉譯。（民88）。L. Brannon＆J. Feist著：健康心理學：行為與健康入門，頁79-111。台北市：心理出版社。
民生報。（民89）。探一探台灣少年的內心世界。民生報89年7月4日，D8版家庭。台北：民生報。
陳雪芬。（民89）。課業壓力！學子生活的隱形殺手！。台北市議會新聞稿，民國89年4月21日。
林銘宗。（民87）。國小六年級學童的課業壓力、因應方式及社會支持之研究。國立嘉義師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文，未出版。
張春興。（民78）。張氏心理學辭典。台北：東華書局。
蕭仁釗、林耀盛、鄭逸如譯。（民85）。Edward P. Sarafino著：健康心理學，頁109-249。台北市：桂冠圖書股份有限公司。
楊極東。（民78）。人生理念的探索---做個快樂的現代人（七版）。台北市：桂冠圖書股份有限公司。
英國《刺胳針》醫學週刊。（民89）。小兒哮喘病情會因壓力過大惡化。中時奇摩報：http://ctnews.kimo.com.tw/2000/09/15/realtime/128845.html
張宏亮。（民84）。運動與情緒。國民體育季刊，24（4），頁43-50。
周文祥。（民85）。壓力的調適與管理。國民體育季刊，25（4），頁28-37。
劉一民。（民80）。運動哲學研究---遊戲、運動與人生。台北市：師大書苑。
陳其昌。（民82）。運動對心理情緒狀態的影響。體育與運動，85，頁21-25。
李蘭、陸玓玲、李隆安等。（民84）。台灣地區成人的健康行為探討：分布情形、因素結構和相關因素。中華衛誌，14（4），頁358-367。
江界山。（民86）。體適能的檢測與評量。教師體適能指導手冊。台北市：國立台灣師範大學體育研究與發展中心。
甘夢龍。（民82）。我國國小學生行為困擾相關因素之研究。台南師院學報，26，頁25-52。
涂柏原。（民76）。國三學生生活壓力、自我強度與學業成就之因果模式。國立台灣師範大學輔導研究所碩士論文，未出版。
教育部。（民88）。中華民國體適能護照—國小學生適用。台北市：中華民國體育學會。
二、西文部分
Bahrke, M.S.＆Smith, R.G.（1985）.Alterations in anxiety of children after and rest. American corrective therapy journal（San Diego, Calif.）39（4）,90-94.
Bouchard, C., Tremblay, A., Leblance, C., Lortie, G., Sauard, R,＆Therialt, G.（1983）.A method to assess energy expenditure in children and adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 37, 461-467.
Broekhoff, J.（1986）.The effect of physical activity on physical growth and development. IN G.L.Stull, and H.M.Eckert（Eds）.Effects of physical activity on children（pp.75-87）.Champain, IL：Human Kinetics.
Brown, J.D.＆Siegel, J.M.（1988）.Exercise as a buffer of life stress：a prospective study of adolescent health. Health psychology （Hillsdale,N.J.）,7（4）,341-353.
Calfas, K.J.＆Taylor, W.C.（1994）.Effects of physical activity on psychological variables in adolescents. Pediatric exercise science,6（4）,406-423.
Chandler, L.A.（1987）. Childhood Stress：The Teacher’s Role. （ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED285369）
Corbin, C.B.＆Lindsey, R.（1993）.Concepts of Physical Fitness. Dubuque, IA：Wm.C. Brown Publishers.
Fanshawe, J.P.（1989）.An investigation of the importance of stress as a factor in the academic performance of Australian adolescents. Report to the council of the Brisbane College of advanced education, following a professional experience program during semester 1,1988.（ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED309360）
Folkin,C.H.＆Sime,W.E.（1981）.Physical fitness training and mental health. American psychologist, 36（4）,373-389.
Helms, B.J.＆Gable, R.K.（1990）.Assessing and dealing with school-related stress in grades 3-12 students.（ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED318924）
Kanner, A.D.,Harrison, A.,＆Wertlieb,D.（1985）.The development of the Children’s Hassles and Uplifts Scales. A preliminary report Paper presented at the American Psychological Association. Los Angeles.
Kraft, R.E.＆McNeil ,A.（1985）.Children and stress：coping through physical activities. Physical Educator（Indianapolis）,42（2）,72-75.
Lazarus, R.S.＆Folkman, S.（1984）.Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York：Springer Pub.Co.
Morris, C.（1990）. Contemporary Psychology and effective behavior（7th ed.）.Glenview, IL：Scott, Foresman.
Nieman, D.C.（1998）.Stress Management. The Exercise-Health Connection. Champaign. IL：Human Kinetics.
Ogden, J.（1996）.Health psychology：A textbook . Buckingham, UK：University Press.
Paffenbarger, R.S., Hyde, R.T., Wing, A.L.,＆Hsieh,C.C.（1986）.Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. New England Journal of Medicine, 314, 605-613.
Paterno, J., Henderson, P.,＆Dickey, S.W.（1987）.Children’s identification of stress related factors and coping strategies. （ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED288149）
Pate, R.R., Pratt, M.,＆Blair,S.N.（1995）. Physical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. Journal of American Medicine Association,273, 402-407.
Rowland, T.W.（1990）.Exercise and children’s health. Champaign. IL：Human Kinetics.
Ross, J.G.,＆Gilbert, G.G.（1985）.The National Children and Youth Fitness Study：A summary of findings. Journal of Physical Education ,Recreation,＆Dance,56（1）,45-50.
Sallis, J.F.（1993）.Epidemiology of physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,33, 403-408.
Saris,W., Noordeloos,A., Ringnalda,B.,Van`t Hof,M.,＆Binkhorst,R.（1980）. Reference values for aerobic power of healthy 4-to 18-year-old Dutch children：Preliminary results. In：R.Binkhorst, H.Kemper,＆W.Saris（Eds）.Children and exercise XI（P.P.151-160）. Champaign. IL：Human Kinetics.
Seyle, H.（1974）.Stress Without Distress. Philadelphia：J.B. Lippincott Co.
Slattery, M.L., Jocobs, D.R., Nichaman, M.Z.（1989）.Leisure time physical activity and coronary heart disease death, the US Railroad Study. Circulation 79,304-311.
Strand, B.N., Scantling, E.,＆Johnson, M.（1997）. Stress Management. Fitness Education：teaching concepts-based fitness in the school. （pp.215-237）. Needham Heights, MA：A Simon＆Schuster Company.
Srtubbe, M.A.（1989）.An assessment of early adolescent stress factors. （ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED318086）
Taylor, S.E.（1986）. Health psychology. New York：Random House.
Thirlaway, K.,＆Benton, D.（1993）.Physical activity in Primary and Secondary-school children in West Germany, Health Education Journal,52(1),37-41.
Thoren,C.A.R.,＆Asano,K.（1984）.Functional capacity and cardiac function in 10-year-old boys and girls with high and low running performance. In J.Ilmarinen,＆I.Valimaki（Eds）.Children and sport：Pediatric work physiology（p.p.182-188）.Berlin Heidelberg：Spring-Verlag.
Visker, T.L.（1987）. Self-consciousness and physical self-efficacy in relationship to exercise adherence. Microform Publications, College of Human Development and Performance. Ore：University of Oregon.
Zimbado, P.G.（1988）.Psychology and life adjustment（12th ed.）. Glenview, IL：Scott, Foresman.