簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 洪政群
HUNG, CHENG-CHUN
論文名稱: 應用慣性感測器並以類神經模型預測人形機器人跌倒之研究
A research on applying IMUs to predict fall of a humanoid robot based on the Neural Network model
指導教授: 陳俊達
Chen, Chun-Ta
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 機電工程學系
Department of Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 59
中文關鍵詞: 膝關節角度量測類神經網路
英文關鍵詞: knee angle measurement, neutral network
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU201901052
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:161下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 在近年來老年化問題趨於嚴重的社會當中,但一個完整的療程,並不只是在進行完手術後即結束,是包括後續的運動以及追蹤和觀察,因此需要患者在家中復健時的密切配合,可是很多患者會因為各種因素,使得居家運動不夠確實,無法達到應有的效果,所以一套使患者與醫師之間能互相溝通,並能記錄患者資訊的居家機制是非常重要的。研究之系統主要利用六軸慣性感測器來進行膝關節角度量測將資訊傳輸至電腦,且運用網際網路把資料存入後端資料庫當中,並將此系統運用在機器人步行軌跡,模擬醫院之醫師進行觀看,即時掌握和監控每位患者的復健情形,並給予患者回饋,以機器人取代患者的方式與醫師之間達到相輔相成的效果。
    本研究提出一個基於穿戴六軸慣性感測裝置的跌倒預測方法,相對於跌倒偵測是發生跌倒後的訊號,跌倒預測是藉由量測跌倒前的訊號且在尚未發生著地前的訊號,來避免跌倒的發生。由於跌倒是一個連續時間的動作,因此可視為是一個連續性動作的分類問題,在本研究中,我們利用類神經網路來做此分析完成跌倒預測,而我們主要利用Bioloid機器人來模擬跌倒動作的發生以避免用人體來實驗的不客觀性,因向前跌倒很容易會造成嚴重的傷害,所以本文以向前跌倒來作為我們的研究,在實驗部分,為了完成慣性感測器的資料讀取,我們以arduino為開發環境來做並把讀出的數值傳給python來做類神經的實驗,此外我們建立的類神經網路有六成以上的準確率,除了可以達到不錯的結果外,也確實可以提早完成跌倒預測的效果。

    In a society where ageing problems have become more serious in recent years, a complete course of treatment is not just the end of surgery, it includes follow-up exercises as well as tracking and observation, so it requires close attention when patients are rehabilitated at home. Cooperate, but many patients will not be able to achieve the desired effect because of various factors, so it is very important to have a home mechanism that allows patients and physicians to communicate with each other and record patient information. The research system mainly uses a six-axis inertial sensor to measure the knee angle and transmit the information to the computer, and uses the Internet to store the data in the back-end database, and applies the system to the robot walking trajectory to simulate The doctors of the hospital watched, instantly grasped and monitored the rehabilitation situation of each patient, and gave the patients feedback, and the robots replaced the patients to achieve complementary effects with the doctors.
    This study proposes a fall prediction method based on a six-axis inertial sensing device. The fall detection is a signal after a fall, and the fall prediction is a signal before the fall and the signal before the ground has occurred. To avoid the occurrence of falls. Since the fall is a continuous time action, it can be regarded as a classification problem of continuous action. In this study, we use the neural network to do this analysis to complete the fall prediction, and we mainly use the Bioloid robot to simulate the fall action. The occurrence of this is to avoid the objectivity of experimenting with the human body. Because falling forward is easy to cause serious injury, this article takes the forward fall as our research. In the experimental part, in order to complete the reading of the inertial sensor. Take, we use arduino as the development environment to pass the read value to python for the nerve-like experiment. In addition, we have established a neural network with more than 60% accuracy, in addition to good results. It is also true that the effect of the fall prediction can be completed early.

    摘要 i Abstract ii 誌謝 iv 目錄 v 圖目錄 vii 表目錄 ix 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 文獻回顧 2 1.3 研究目的 12 1.4 研究方法 13 1.5 論文架構 13 第二章 實驗應用之軟硬體設備 15 2.1 運動感測器 15 2.1.1 加速度計 15 2.1.2 陀螺儀 17 2.2 市售運動感測器 18 2.3 基本介紹 20 2.4 慣性感測器轉動角度介紹 23 2.4.1 尤拉角度計算 23 2.4.2 四元數角度計算 24 2.4.3 卡爾曼濾波器 28 第三章 跌倒分析 32 3.1訊號向量強度 32 3.2 跌倒偵測 35 3.3 資料並行處理 37 第四章 基於類神經網路之跌倒預測 39 4.1多層類神經網路(Multilayer perceptron) 39 第五章 結果與討論 43 5.1 Bioloid 機器人 45 5.2 Bioloid機器人步行關節角度量測 48 5.3 跌倒預測之類神經模行驗證 50 第六章 結論與未來展望 56 參考文獻 57

    [1] “內政部統計部,”取自:https://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/chart.aspx?ChartID=S0401.
    [2] 劉育佑, “以感測裝置追蹤膝關節復健情形的有效方法,” 2016.
    [3] 鄭宇倫, 基於穿戴式三軸加速度感測器的步態週期分割與特徵分析, 2016.
    [4] 黃榮興, 應用步行演算法則於Bioloid機器人動態行為之實現, 2010年6月.
    [5] Saba Bakhshi ,Mohammad H. Mahoor,Bradley S.Davidson, “DEVELOPMENT OF A BODY JOINT ANGLE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM,” 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, p. 4, 30 8 2011.
    [6] Jonathan Feng-Shun Lin and Dana Kuli´c, “Human Pose Recovery for Rehabilitation Using Ambulatory Sensors,” 於 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, Osaka, Japan, 2013.
    [7] Pekka Iso-Ketola, Tapio Karinsalo, and Jukka Vanhala, “HipGuard: A Wearable Measurement System for Patients Recovering from a Hip Operation,” 於 Institute of Electronics, Kankaanpää Unit Tampere University of Technology Kankaanpää, Finland.
    [8] 王榮龍, “帕金森病患於可調步距與跌倒偵測之輔助裝置開發,” 2013年7月.
    [9] 翁武湘, “基於角度與加速度變化之跌倒偵測,” 2015.
    [10] Yu-Liang Hsu, Pau-Choo (Julia) Chung,Wei-Hsin Wang, Ming-Chyi Pai, Chun-Yao Wang,, “Gait and Balance Analysis for Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease Using an Inertial-Sensor-Based Wearable Instrument,” 於 IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS, VOL. 18, NO. 6, 2014.
    [11] Shulan Gong,Yuling Wang, Mingyu Zhang,Caifeng Wang, “Design of Remote Elderly Health Monitoring System,” 於 Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE, China, 2017.
    [12] 潘文彬, “九軸運動感測器在全人工髖關節置換手術之類導航應用,” 國立臺灣師範大學,碩士, 2017年8月.
    [13] “四元數,”取自:https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/四元數.
    [14] R. E. KALMAN, “A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems,” 於 Transactions of the ASME–Journal of Basic Engineering, 82 (Series D): 35-45, 1960.
    [15] Dean M. Karantonis, Student Member, IEEE, Michael R. Narayanan, Merryn Mathie, Nigel H. Lovell,Senior Member, IEEE, and Branko G. Celler, Member, IEEE, “Implementation of a Real-Time Human Movement Classifier Using a Triaxial Accelerometer for Ambulatory Monitoring,” 於 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BIOMEDICINE, VOL. 10, NO. 1, , 2006.
    [16] Chia-Chi Wang, Chih-Yen Chiang, Po-Yen Lin, Yi-Chieh Chou, I-Ting Kuo, Chih-Ning Huang, Chia-Tai Chan, “Development of a Fall Detecting System for the Elderly Residents,” 於 The 2nd International Conference, 2008.
    [17] “Aeduino I2C bi-directional level shifter,”取自: http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/I2CBi-directionalLevelShifter.
    [18] Long Wen, Jinwu Qian, Xiaowu Hu, Linyong Shen, Xi Wu, Changlin Yu, “Gait Measurement and Quantitative Analysis in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease for Rehabilitation Assessment,” 於 Proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO), Shenzhen, China, 2013.
    [19] Angelo M. Sabatini, Senior Member, IEEE, “Quaternion-Based Extended Kalman Filter for Determining Orientation by Inertial and Magnetic Sensing,” 於 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING VOL. 53, NO. 7, 2006.
    [20] Devon Krenzel, Steve Warren, Kejia Li, Bala Natarajan, and Gurdip Singh, “Wireless Slips and Falls Prediction System,” 於 IEEE, 2012 .
    [21] Abdul Hakim, M. Saiful Huq, Shahnoor Shanta, B.S.K.K. Ibrahim, “Smartphone Based Data Mining for Fall Detection: Analysis and Design,” 於 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Intelligent Sensors, Tokyo, Japan, 2016.
    [22] Muhammad Mubashir,LingShao n, LukeSeed, “A surveyonfalldetection:Principlesandapproaches,” 於 Contents listsavailableat SciVerse ScienceDirect, 2013.
    [23] Rong-Kuan Shen, Cheng-Ying Yang, Member, IEEE, Victor R. L. Shen, Senior Member, IEEE, and Wei-Cheng Chen, “A Novel Fall Prediction System on Smartphones,” 於 IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL, VOL. 17, NO. 6, 2017.
    [24] “Tensorflow,”取自: https://www.tensorflow.org/programmers_guide/graphs.
    [25] Dean M. Karantonis, Student Member, IEEE, Michael R. Narayanan, Merryn Mathie, Nigel H. Lovell,Senior Member, IEEE, and Branko G. Celler, Member, IEEE, “Implementation of a Real-Time Human Movement Classifier Using a Triaxial Accelerometer for Ambulatory Monitoring,” 於 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BIOMEDICINE, VOL. 10, NO. 1, 2006.
    [26] 林大貴, TensorFlow+Keras 深度學習人工智慧應用, 新北市: 博碩文化有限公司, 2017.

    下載圖示
    QR CODE