近年來，很多科學家投注許多時間和心力研究執行功能，尤其在教育方面，執行功能是現今一個重要的研究議題，所關聯的認知能力很廣泛，對個體的行為和未來成就、生理與心理健康很有影響。然而，目前尚無確切的執行功能定義和適切的測量方式，亦與之相關智慧和心理特質的研究不多。因此，本研究欲試圖探討並提供實證研究結果，增進對執行功能的認識與瞭解，延伸出實質應用的助益。本研究欲探討操作式執行功能測驗，及其與多元智慧與正向心理特質的關係，進一步瞭解執行功能、多元智慧本和正向心理特質的對應關係。研究問題一欲探討操作式執行功能測驗的多元能力抑或是單一能力驗證，使用驗證性因素分析方法檢驗，結果發現執行功能符合三因素能力結構。研究問題二為探討操作式執行功能測驗與自陳式執行功能的差異。使用操作式「執行功能測驗」（抑制、轉換、更新、流暢）和自陳式「中文化執行功能指標」量表（策略行動、組織規劃、衝動控制）的做相關參照，發現操作式執行功能測驗與較自陳式執行功能測驗結果無相關。研究問題三為比較參照操作式與自陳式執行功能，與多元智慧（智力、情緒、創造力）的關係，發現操作行執行功能較能預測智力和創造力，而自陳式執行功能測驗較能預測情緒智商。研究問題四為操作式與自陳式的執行功能測驗與正向心理特質（幸福感、恆毅力、以及幽默感）的關係探究，結果發現自陳式執行功能測驗較能預測正向心理特質各變項，推論與測量的方式或內涵有關。執行功能正是現今人們關切的議題之一，因目前尚無全面性的執行功能成分驗證研究，亦未有操作式與自陳式執行功能測驗參照關聯研究，本研究提供執行功能測驗來驗證執行功能成分，及與自陳式執行功能測驗參照的相關資訊。本研究亦提供操作式執行功能測驗與重要智慧、正向心理特質的對應關係，可做為增進智慧或心理調適課程設計或訓練之參考，希冀增進執行功能及其所影響的生活各層面有所助益，對華人文化的認知心理領域有所貢獻。

Executive function seems to be related to a wide range of cognitive abilities and vital to individual development. This research intended to answer four research questions about executive function components, and explore their relationships with multiple intelligence and positive psychological traits. The first question was to explore the main components of executive function. The result indicated that updating, inhibition and swift were the three main factors, and they were independent from each other. The second question was to exam the relationships between performance-based and self-reported task of executive function tests. The results showed there was no relationship between these two measurements. As for the third question, the relationship between executive function and multiple intelligences, and between executive function and psychological traits. The results indicated that the former was more predictive of intelligence and creativity, while the latter was better predicted emotional intelligence. The last question was about how these two different measurements predicted positive psychological traits (happiness, grit, and sense of humor). The outcomes showed that the former could not significantly predict all the positive psychological traits, while the latter could. This research provided the empirical evidence for the relationships of the Chinese executive function tests with multiple intelligences and positive psychology traits. The implication can be used as a reference for policy making and course training to improve executive function and the various aspects of life it can affect.

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