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研究生: 陳庭玉
Chen, Ting-Yu
論文名稱: LoRaWAN A類效能分析
Performance Analysis for LoRaWAN Class A
指導教授: 黃政吉
Huang, Jeng-Ji
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 76
中文關鍵詞: 物聯網低功耗廣域網路長距離廣域網路占空比排隊模型
英文關鍵詞: IoTs, LPWANs, LoRaWAN, duty cycle, M/G/1, ALOHA multichannel access
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU201900226
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:82下載:12
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  • 長距離廣域網路(Long Range Wide Area Network,LoRaWAN)是新興的低功耗廣域網路(Low Power Wide Area Networks,LPWAN)技術其中之一。其主要目標是實現物聯網(Internet of Things,IoT)。由於它操作在工業、科學、和醫學(Industrial Scientific Medical Band,ISM)頻段上,因此對於封包傳送有嚴格的占空比規定。此外,Pure ALOHA是用於LoRaWAN A類設備之通道存取。之前的研究不是沒有考慮占空比問題,就是在分析中忽略封包若遭遇碰撞需要重新傳送的問題。因此,在本研究中,我們分析了LoRaWAN A類設備在網路中封包傳輸的延遲。在我們的分析中,將同時考慮了由於碰撞引起的封包重傳以及占空比之規定,並提出所對應的M / G / 1排隊模型,以計算封包延遲的平均值與延遲機率分布。我們以數值結果呈現分析的準確性。

    Long range wide area network (LoRaWAN) is one of emerging technologies for low power wide area networks (LPWANs). Its main objective is to realize Internet of things (IoTs). Since it operates on the ISM band, there is a strict rule of a duty cycle for packet transmissions. Besides, a pure ALOHA is used for a LoRaWAN class A device to access channels. Previous works either fail to address the issue of a duty cycle or neglect packet collisions in their analysis. In this thesis, we analyze the delay of a packet transmission in a LoRaWAN class A network. In our analysis, packet retransmissions due to collisions are considered and an M/G/1 queueing model taking into account the duty cycle is utilized to calculate not only the mean of packet delay but also its distribution. Numerical results are given to show the level of accuracy of our analysis.

    摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 誌 謝 III 目 錄 IV 圖 目 錄 VII 表 目 錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 物聯網與低功耗廣域網路 1 1.1.1 用途與特色 1 1.1.2 頻段 5 1.1.3 系統架構 6 1.1.4 三個類型 7 1.2 LORAWAN通道存取 9 1.2.1 子通道 9 1.2.2 展頻因子 9 1.2.3 上下鏈與重傳 10 1.2.4 占空比 11 1.2.5 資料碼框 13 1.3 研究動機 14 1.3.1 先前的研究與評論 14 1.3.2 論文動機 15 1.4 章節安排 15 第二章 相關背景知識 16 2.1 重要相關文獻 16 2.1.1. LoRaWAN A類的延遲與MAC層性能分析 16 2.1.2. LoRaWAN 通道存取的數學模型 17 2.1.3. 老年護理應用的智能無線尋呼感測器網路 18 2.1.4. 其他相關文獻 20 2.2 重要的機率分布 26 2.2.1 幾何分布(Geometric)隨機變數 26 2.2.2 卜瓦松分布(Poisson)隨機變數 27 2.3 ALOHA通訊規約[15] 29 第三章 分析方法 32 3.1 系統模型與假設 32 3.1.1. 多個設備通道存取 32 3.1.2. 設備之通道存取 33 3.1.3. 重要假設 36 3.2 設備的傳輸效能 37 3.2.1. 平均延遲分析 37 3.3 封包之隊伍等待時間機率分布 43 3.3.1. 離開時間點系統機率分布 43 3.3.2. 等待時間機率分布 47 3.4 碰撞機率 52 第四章 數值結果與討論 53 4.1 封包平均延遲 54 4.1.1. 計算方式與參數設定 54 4.1.2. 模擬方式 55 4.1.3. 結果與討論 58 4.2 系統大小機率分布 58 4.2.1. 計算方式 58 4.2.2. 模擬方式 59 4.2.3. 結果與討論 59 4.3 等待時間機率分布 60 4.3.1. 分析部分 60 4.3.2. 模擬部分 61 4.3.3. 結果與討論 61 4.4 碰撞機率 62 4.4.1. 分析部分 62 4.4.2. 模擬部分 62 4.4.3. 結果與討論 64 第五章 結論 66 附 錄 一 67 附 錄 二 70 參 考 文 獻 73 自 傳 75

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