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研究生： 張宏維
Hung Wei, Chang
論文名稱： 表面聲波氣體及生化感測器研製與應用
Preparation and Application of Surface Acoustic Wave Gas- and Bio-Sensor
指導教授： 施正雄
Shih, Jeng-Shong
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年： 2007
畢業學年度： 96
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 164
中文關鍵詞： 剪力水平表面聲波 、碳六十 、免疫感測器 、胰島素
英文關鍵詞： Shear horizontal surface acoustic wave, SH-SAW, C60, Fullerene, Immunosensor, insulin
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：638  下載：0 
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    • 本研究建立表面聲波氣體及生化感測器，以偵測有機氣體及生化物質，例如：蛋白質和胰島素。在本研究中研製一低價位的氣體表面聲波感測器以偵測微量有機氣體污染物，本研究亦建立剪力水平表面聲波液體感測器已偵測血紅素、肌紅素、麥膠蛋白及胰島素等。

    氣相表面聲波感測器是利用低價位（<10美金）通訊用SAW晶片及頻率計數器和RS-232組裝而成，並自行撰寫電腦程式來做頻率訊號收集及數據收集處理此氣體表面聲波感測器用來偵測各種空氣污染物例如：有機酸、醛類、醇類、烷類、烯類及炔類等，並且利用這自組裝的表面聲波感測器所構成的多頻道系統也用來同時偵測各種不同的空氣污染物。

    剪力水平表面聲波感測器塗佈有C60/蛋白質，例如C60/血紅素, C60/肌紅素，C60/榖膠蛋白，C60/抗胰島素等，分別來偵測水溶液中特定待測物，例如：抗血紅素抗體，抗肌紅素抗體，抗榖膠蛋白抗體，以及胰島素。血紅素和肌紅素分別與C60之間的作用力及固定化是利用塗佈有C60的剪力水平表面聲波感測器對血紅素和肌紅素吸附所引起的頻率變化只有部分回復的現象以及FT-IR光譜中有新的吸收峰產生來判斷，C60與血紅素之間有化學鍵的生成，利用這樣的化學鍵生成來把水溶液中的血紅素固定在剪力水平表面聲波感測器表面上。而利用這樣固定有C60/血紅素或者C60/肌紅素的剪力水平表面聲波感測器來分別偵測水溶液中的抗血紅素和抗肌紅素抗體，兩者的靈敏度分別是0.14 和1.27 kHz/(g/mL)，偵測下限分別是0.32 以及 0.035 g/mL。此外，雙頻道塗佈C60-Hb及C60-Mb表面聲波感測器亦被以研製以同時偵測血紅素和肌紅素抗體。
    而塗佈有C60/抗胰島素抗體的剪力水平表面聲波感測器亦被研製並用來偵測水溶液中的胰島素。此剪力水平表面聲波胰島素感測器在人體胰島素濃度範圍內，感測器的頻率感應訊號和胰島素濃度有良好線性關係及很好的靈敏度（130 Hz/pM），而感測器的偵測下限是0.58pM。

    Surface acoustic wave gas and Bio-sensors were developed to detect organic gases and biospecies, e.g. proteins and insulin. An inexpensive surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor system was developed and used to detect trace pollutants in the air. For liquid environment, a shear-horizontal surface acoustic wave sensor system was established to apply in immunosensor system to detect various samples, e.g. hemoglobin, myoglobin, gliadin, and insulin, in aqueous solution.

    The homemade SAW gas sensor is composed of a low cost (< 10 $USD) SAW chip for correspondence, an inexpensive counter and RS-232 computer interface with a written computer program for frequency signal acquisition and data processing. With different adsorbent coatings, various SAW gas sensors were prepared to detect organic pollutants, e.g. carboxylic acids, aldehydes, alchohols, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes in the air. Furthermore, the multi-channel SAW gas detection system was also developed to detect various air pollutants simultaneously.

    Shear horizontal surface acoustic wave sensors immobilized with C60/proteins, e.g. C60/hemoglobin(C60-Hb), C60/myoglobin(C60-Mb), and C60/gliadin, and C60/anti-insulin coatings were prepared and applied to detect specific antibodies, e.g. anti-hemoglobin, anti-myoglobin, anti-gliadin, insulin, respectively, in liquid environments. The immobilizations of hemoglobin and myoglobin onto fullerene were studied through a C60-coated SH-SAW sensor system in liquid. The partially irreversible responses for these proteins were observed by the desorption study, which implied that fullerene could chemically react with these proteins. Both C60-Hb and C60-Mb coating materials were successfully prepared and identified with an FTIR spectrometer. The C60-Hb and C60-Mb coated SH-SAW immunosensors exhibited linear frequency responses to the concentration of anti-Hb and anti-Mb antibodies with sensitivities of 0.14 and 1.27 kHz/ (g/mL), respectively. Both C60-protein coated SH-SAW immunosensorms showed detection limits of 0.32 and 0.035 g/mL for anti-Hb and anti-Mb antibodies, respectively, in aqueous solution. In addition, dual channel SAW immunosensors coated with C60-Hb and C60-Mb were prepared and applied to detect anti-Hb and anti-Mb antibodies simultaneously.

    An immobilized fullerene C60/anti-insulin antibody was prepared and applied in shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) immunosensors to detect insulin in aqueous solutions. Within the range of normal human insulin concentration, the SH-SAW immunosensors immobilized with C60/anti-insulin coating exhibited linear frequency responses to the concentration of insulin with sensitivity of 130 Hz/pM. The SH-SAW immunosensor with C60/anti-insulin coating showed detection limit of 0.58 pM for insulin in aqueous solution.

    ABSTRACT 1 中文摘要 4 表目錄 13 第一章 緒論 14 1-1 生化感測器 14 1-2 抗體與抗原 23 1-3 碳六十 26 1-4 表面聲波感測器 28 1-4-1 表面聲波 28 1-4-2 壓電效應 29 1-4-3 雷力表面聲波（Rayleigh surface acoustic wave） 32 1-4-4 微擾理論(Perturbation theory) 39 1-4-5 表面聲波與液體接觸 47 1-4-6 剪力水平表面聲波感測器 45 第二章 氣體表面聲波感測器研製與應用 52 2-1 前言 52 2-2 氣體表面聲波感測器組裝測試 55 2-2-1通訊用表面聲波元件結構 55 2-2-2 表面聲波感測器組裝 61 2-2-3 計頻器讀取程式 63 2-3 氣體表面聲波感測器之應用 72 2-3-1 單頻道氣體感測器應用 72 2-3-3 多頻道氣體感測器應用 73 2-4 結語 77 第三章 蛋白質免疫表面聲波感測器 78 3-1 前言 78 3-2 實驗 80 3-2-1剪力水平表面聲波感測器系統 80 3-2-2藥品 81 3-3-3 多頻道液體表面聲波感測器 81 3-3 結果與討論 83 3-3-1 C60與血紅素之間作用力探討 83 3-2-2最適塗佈條件探討 89 3-3-4抗血紅素抗體濃度效應 95 3-3-5溫度與酸鹼度對於感測器的影響 97 3-3-6感測器再現性 99 3-3-7 碳60-血紅素的活性 100 3-3-7 C60-肌紅素的剪力水平表面聲波生化感測器 104 3-3-8 剪力水平表面聲波感測器偵測水中抗麩質抗體 107 3-3-9 多頻道液體生化感測器 110 3-4 結語 112 第四章 胰島素免疫生化感測器 113 4-1 前言 113 在這個部分，利用自行設計的震盪線路及溫度控制器來做為剪力水平表面聲波感測器系統，再利用修飾有C60抗體的剪力水平表面聲波感測器來測量水溶液中的胰島素，利用這樣方式可以達到快速且簡便方式來作為快速測量胰島素方式。 117 4-2實驗 119 4-2-1 藥品 119 4-2-2系統溫度測量與控制 119 4-2-2-1溫度測量 120 4-2-2-2 脈波寬度調變（Pulse Width Modulation; PWM） 124 4-2-2-3比例-積分-微分控制器（PID）應用 129 4-2-3震盪線路 138 4-3 結果與討論 143 4-3-1 C60與抗體之間作用力 143 4-3-2抗胰島素抗體濃度效應 143 4-3-2抗體與抗原之間反應 146 4-3-4胰島素濃度對頻率變化的影響 148 4-3-5 再現性與干擾物影響 150 4-4 結語 153 結論 154 參考文獻 155

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