研究生: |
努麗雅 Nuria Toldra Perramon |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
針對西班牙文母語者的初級華語教材編寫設計 Design of a Beginner-Level Chinese Language Textbook for Learners whose First Language is Spanish |
指導教授: |
葉德明
Yeh, Teh-Ming |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
華語文教學系 Department of Chinese as a Second Language |
論文出版年: | 2009 |
畢業學年度: | 97 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 222 |
中文關鍵詞: | 華語 、華語文教材 、西文版初級華語教材 、華語課程 、課程設計 、課程大綱 |
英文關鍵詞: | Chinese, Chinese Teaching Materials, Chinese Teaching Materials in Spanish, Chinese Language Course, Course Design, Syllabus |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:606 下載:110 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
隨著中國市場的開放及其快速發展,西班牙對華語文教學的需求日益迫切,華語文學習成為當前的風潮。目前西班牙加泰隆尼亞區學校大多以英文版的華語教材為主。使用英文版的教材常造成一些問題:第一,媒介語的問題,對母語非英文的西國學生而言,使用英文版的華語教材顯得相當不便。第二,英西文兩種語言之間有明顯的差異性,英文版的華語教材內容針對英文母語者學中文時所碰到的困難,未必跟西文母語者遇到的難點相同。第三,英文版華語教材的內容不完全符合西班牙文母語者的學習興趣與目的,以及學習者的社會文化背景。2004年以來市面上出現兩本針對西語母語者編寫的華語文初級教材,為兩所學校使用。然而以華語文與時俱增的需求來說,仍嫌不足。
本研究旨在針對西文母語者對華語學習的需求與特點,歸納出西文版的初級華語文教材編寫原則與內容,並結合相關理論與實踐的結果; 配合教學類型、課程類型、教學目的等,設計實際可用且有效的西文版初級華語教材。筆者認為在教學上使用專門針對西文母語者的初級華語教材不僅能符合學習者及教師的需求、學習環境和學習條件,且能提升教學的效果。
在經過研究及教材編寫設計之後,研究者以國立台灣師範大學國語中心(MTC)以及國立政治大學華語文教學中心(CLC)初級華語西文母語者的學生為研究對象,區分「實驗組」及「控制組」進行實際教學研究,以檢視西文版的初級華語教材設計是否能滿足學習者的需求並提升教學的效果。
With the growth and development of China’s economy, the need for Chinese Language courses in Spain has grown significantly, studying Chinese has become more popular than ever. Currently most Chinese teaching materials used in the Autonomous Region of Catalonia are written in English, and its use offer a number of difficulties for Chinese Language learners and teachers: 1) English is not the first language of the learners, and thus they often have problems in understanding grammar explanations, vocabulary, etc. 2) English and Spanish are typologically different languages, and thus learners of both languages face different difficulties in studying Chinese. 3) The content of the material written in English often reflects the interests of English speaking users or includes their cultural background, which is different from that of Spanish speaking users. Since 2004 two Beginner Chinese language textbooks written by Spanish teachers have appeared on the market in Spain, but in view of the current needs on Chinese Language Learning in Spain, two books are not enough to meet the demands of the market.
This study has designed a Beginner-level Chinese Language Textbook specific for learners whose first language is Spanish. Its design takes into consideration learners’, teachers’ as well as institutional needs, their language background, culture traits, etc., in reference to the Chinese Language, and it also includes the method and principles followed in its elaboration. Its main purpose is not only to address the problems stated above, but it also believes that using a Chinese Language Textbook specific for Spanish learners can improve the effectiveness of their learning. Therefore, after completing the design of the textbook, this study has developed a research into its effectiveness in the language classroom.
一、中文部分:
林國立 (1997) 。構建對外漢語教學的文化因素體系。語言教學與研究。第1 期。
任遠 (1995)。新一代基礎漢語教材編寫理論與辨些事件。語言教學研究。
第2期。
呂文華 (2002)。對外漢語教材語法項目排序的原則及策略。世界漢語教
學。第四期。
呂必松 (1993) 。自選集。鄭州。大象出版社。
吕必松(1996)。對外漢語教學概論(講義)。內部資料。
呂必松 (2007)。漢語和漢語作為第二語言教學。北京。北京大學出版社。
李楊主編 (1997)。對外漢語課程研究。北京。北京語言文化大學出版社。
李泉 (2006) 。對外漢語教材研究。北京。商務印書館。
李曉琪 (2006) 。對外漢語綜合課教學研究。北京。商務印書館。
李珠、姜麗萍 (2008)。怎樣教外國人漢語。北京。北京語言大學出版社。
束定芳、庄象智 (1996) 。現代外語教學─理論實踐和方法。上海外語教
育。
程棠 (2000) 。對外漢語教學目的原則方法 。北京。華語教學出版社。
周小兵等 (2004)。對外漢語教學入門。廣州。中山大学出版社。
張占一 (1990)。試議交際文化與知識文化。語言教學與研究。 第 3
期。
盛炎 (1989)。語言教學原理。 重慶出版社。
陳燕秋 (2002) 。台灣現今華語文教材的評估與展望。台北。國立台灣師
範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文。
趙賢洲、陸有儀主編 (1996) 。對外漢語教學通論。上海。上海外語教育
出版社。
劉珣 (2000) 。對外漢語教育學引論。北京。北京語言大學出版社.
詹秀嫻 (2002) 。華語文教材發展研究。以系列式教材為列。台北。國立
台灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文。
葉德明 (1999) 。華語文教學規範與理論基礎。台北。師大書苑。
鄭惠芬 (2000) 。海外華文教材設計。第六屆世界華語研習會教學應用
組。
楊玉笙 (2007) 。論認漢語為第二語言之語法測驗法。台北。國立台灣師
範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文。
楊寄洲 (1999) 。對外漢語教學初級階段功能意念大綱。北京。語言大學
出版社。
趙士鈺 (1998) 。漢語西班牙語雙語比較。北京。外語教學與研究出版
社。
趙金銘 (1997)。對外漢語教材創新略論。世界漢語教學。第2期。
趙賢州 (1988) 。建國以來對外漢語教材研究報告。第二屆國際漢語教學
討論會 論文選。北京。北京語言學院出版社。
趙金銘 (2004) 。對外漢語教學概論。商務印書館。
陳光磊 (1992) 。語言教學中的文化導入。語言教學與研究。第3期。
魏春木, 卞覺非 (1992) 。基礎漢語教學階段文化導入內容初探。世界漢
語教學。第 1期。
鄧守信 (2003)。對外漢語語法點難易度的評定。對外漢語教學語法探。北
京。中國社會科學出版社。
鄧守信 (2004) 。對外漢語教學語法。台北。國立台灣師範大學華語文教
學研究所 碩士課程講義。
國家對外漢語教學領導小組辦公室漢語水平考試部 (1992)。漢語水平詞彙
與漢字等級大綱。高等教育出版社。
國家對外漢語教學領導小組辦公室漢語水平考試部 (1996)。漢語水平等級
標準與語法等級大綱。北京語言學院出版社。
國家漢語國際推廣領導小組辦公室 (2008)。國際漢語教學通用課程大綱。
北京。外語教學與研究出版社。
靳洪剛 (2004)。第二語言習得與語言形式為中心的結構教學探討。二十一
世紀華語文中心營運策略與教學國際研討會。北京。
靳洪剛 (2004a)。語言定式教學法在中文習得和中文教學中的作用。JCLTA
vol. 39: 1. pp.45-62.
靳洪剛 (2009)。任務教學法的課程設計、任務實施與測試。華語文教學研
究所工作坊。國立台灣師範大學。
努麗雅(2008) 。西班牙文母語者華語語音調查與分析。語音教學研究。台
北。國立台灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士課程期末報告。
二、英文部分:
Ausubel, D. (1963). The Psychology of Meaningful Verbal
Learning. New York. Grune & Stratton.
Bachman, Lyle F (1990). Fundamental Considerations in
Language Testing. Oxford University Press.
Brown H.D. (1994). Teaching by principles: An Interactive
approach to language pedagogy. Prentice Hall Regents.
Brown, H.D (1994). Principles of Language Learning and
Teaching. Pearson Hall Regents.
Brown, James Dean (1995). The Elements of Language
Curriculum: A Systematic Approach to Program
Development. Heinle & Heinle.
Doughty & Long (2003). Optimal Psycholinguistic
Environments for Distance FL Learning. Language Learning
& Technology. Volume 7, Number 3, pp. 50-80.
Ellis, Rod (1997). Second Language Acquisition. Oxford
University Press.
Dubin & Olshtain (1986). Course Design. Cambridge
University Press.
Gardner, R. and W. Lambert (1972) Attitudes and Motivation
in Second-Language Learning. Rowley, Ma. Newbury House.
Howatt, A.P.R. (1984). A History of English Language
Teaching. Oxford University Press.
Harris,M. (1988). The Romance Languages. London. Routledge.
Hutchinson & Waters (1987). English for Especific
Purposes. Cambridge University Press.
Johnson K. & Johnson H. (1998). Encyclopedic Dictionary of
Applied Linguistics. Oxford. Blackwell Handbooks in
Linguistics.
Krashen, S.D. (1981). Second Language Acquisition and
Second Language Learning. Oxford. Pergamon.
Krashen, S.D. (1982). Principles and Practice in Second
Language Acquisition. Oxford. Pergamon.
Littlewood ( 1981). Communicative Language Teaching.
Cambridge University Press.
Long, M. H. (1985). A role for instruction in second
language acquisition: task-based language teaching. In
Hyltenstam, K., & Pienemann, M. (eds.), Modeling and
assessing second language development (pp. 77-99).
Clevedon, Avon: Multilingual Matters.
Long, M. H. (1996). The role of the linguistic environment
in second language acquisition. In W. C. Ritchie & T. K.
Bhatia (Eds.), Handbook of research on language
acquisition: Vol. 2. Second language acquisition (pp. 413-
468). New York: Academic Press.
National Standards in Foreign Language Education Project
U.S. (1999). Standards for foreign language learning in
the 21st century : including Chinese, classical
languages, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese,
Russian, and Spanish. Lawrence, KS : National Standards
in Foreign Language Education Project.
Nunan, David (1989). Designing Tasks for the Communicative
Classroom. Cambridge University Press.
Nunan, David (1989). Syllabus Design. Oxford University
Press.
Nunan, David (1991a). Language Teaching Methodology: A
Textbook for Teachers. New York. Prentice Hall.
Nunan, David (1999). Second Language Teaching and Learning.
Heinle & Heinle.
Ur, Penny (1992). Five-minute Activities: A Resource Book
of Short Activities. Cambridge University Press.
Ur, Penny (1996). A Course in Language Teaching: Practice
and Theory. Cambridge University Press.
Ramírez, L. (1999). Del carácter al contexto: Teoría y
práctica de la traducción del chino moderno. Bellaterra.
Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.
Richards, Jack C. (2001). Curriculum development in
Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press.
Richards & Rodgers (2001). Approaches and Methods in
Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press.
Schmidt, R. (1990). The role of consciousness in second
language learning. Applied Linguistics 11, 129-158.
Stern, H. H. (1983). Fundamental Concepts of Language
Teaching . Oxford. Oxford University Press.
Swain, M. (1995) Three functions of output in second
language learning. In G. Cook & B. Seidlhofer (eds),
Principles and practice in the study of language .
Oxford: Oxford University Press
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (2008)。東亞學士學位報告。內
部資料。
Van Ek J.A. & Alexander, L.G (1988). Threshold level
English. Prentice Hall International.
Van Ek J.A. & Alexander, L.G (1998).Threshold level 1990.
Council of Europe Press.
Wang, C. (2004). Contrastive Phonetic Study of Spanish,
English, German, and Chinese, and Its Application for
Teaching Pronunciation.. 淡江人文社會學刊. 第二十期. 53-75
頁.
三、網路部分:
王建勤 (2008)。漢語國際推廣的語言標準建設與競爭策略。
http://hi.baidu.com/tcfl/blog/item/04f47ad994cdbfed38012f7e.html
Escola Oficial d’Idiomes Barcelona Drassanes學校網站及華語課
程大綱:http://www.eoibd.cat/
Nunan, David (1991).Communicative Tasks and the Language
Curriculum.
http://www.iei.uiuc.edu/tesolonline/texts/nunan/index.html
Nunan, David (2002). Performance-based Approaches to the
Design of ESL Instruction.Plenary presentation, Spain
TESOL, Madrid.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/vg57n75h661187n6/
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)的大學網站及東亞學學士
課程大綱: http://www.uab.cat/
http://www.uab.cat/servlet/Satellite/FUTURS-
ESTUDIANTS/Estudis-de-1r-i-de-2n-cicle/Pla-d-estudis-
1095240880967.html?param1=1089612449119
Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)的大學網站,東亞學學士及
東亞學學士碩士課程大綱:
http://www.uoc.es/portal/catala/index.html http://www.uoc.edu/estudis/titulacions/asia_oriental/presentacio/index.html
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) 大學網站及東亞學學士課程大綱:
http://www.upf.edu/
http://universidades.consumer.es/universitat-pompeu-
fabra/estudios-de-asia- oriental
The Council of Europe (2001). The Common European Framework
of Reference for Languages: learning, teaching,
assessment (CEFR).
http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/linguistic/CADRE_EN.asp
四、教材部分:
王淑美,盧翠英 (2007)。實用視聽華語(I). Practical Audio-
visual Chinese (I)。台北。正中書局。
葉德明主編,劉咪咪,林千惠 (2007)。 遠東生活華語(I). Curso de
Chino Práctico Far East. 西文版。台北。遠東圖書公司。
Casas, H., Rovira, S. & Suarez, A. (2007). 學中文,做翻譯.
Lengua China para traductores. Volumen I. Universitat
Autonòma de Barcelona, Bellaterra.
Costa, E.& Sun, J. (2004). 漢語1. Chino para
Hispanohablantes. Volume I. Herder Editorial. Barcelona.
Tao-chung Yao,Yuehua Liu (1997). 中文聽說讀寫. Integrated
Chinese. Level 1. Part 1. Boston.Cheng & Sui Company.