本研究旨在探討運用創造性問題解決(Creative Problem Solving, CPS)於高中電腦科網頁設計課程之教學活動中，對學習者在問題解決學習成效、網頁設計之過程性與總結性創造力、認知與情意創造力表現及學習態度等的影響。研究方法採準實驗研究設計，以班級為單位將二班90位高中一年級學生隨機分派為創造性問題解決(CPS)組及問題解決活動(PBL)組，分別進行學習活動。
研究結果發現：(1)在問題解決學習成效上，整體成效、網站架構、內容正確性及分組情況均為CPS組顯著優於PBL組；(2)在問題解決之過程性創造力表現上，發現事實、瞭解問題及激發點子與尋求解決方法三階段之流暢力、精密性、變通力為CPS組顯著優於PBL組，獨創力則兩組間無顯著差異；(3)在問題解決之總結性創造力表現上，網頁作品整體創造力表現、架構組織與介面設計均為CPS組顯著優於PBL組；(4)在認知與情意創造力表現上，認知創造力表現之開放性、精密性及標題分數為CPS組顯著優於PBL組；流暢力、變通力及獨創力分數則兩組間無顯著差異；情意創造力表現之總分、冒險性、好奇性、想像力及挑戰性分數則均為兩組間無顯著差異；(5)在學習態度上，CPS組學習者對於創造性思考學習活動整體上皆抱持正面看法，認為創造性思考學習活動確實提昇其創造力表現。

參考文獻
王木榮(1985)：威廉斯創造力測驗修訂研究。台灣教育學院輔導研究所碩士班論文。
王如玉(1999)：問題解決教學模組對高一學生學習之影響。國立臺灣師範大學地球科學研究所碩士班論文。
方崇雄(1999)：國民中學問題解決導向生活科技課程學習歷程模式之建構與驗證研究。台北：中華民國工業科技教育學會。
毛連塭(1989)：實施創造思考教育的參考架構。創造思考教育創刊號。
王精文(1983)：創造性問題解決訓練對創造思考及抗拒變革的影響。國立交通大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
初正平(1973)：兒童創造能力之研究。台北市：台北女師專兒童研究實驗中心。
車薇(1994)：CPS創造性問題解決方法簡介。育達學報，230-236。
李慧芳(2000)：創造力99解析。設計學報，第五卷，第一期，33-50。
吳靜吉、高泉豐、王敬仁、丁興祥(1981; 1998)：拓弄思語文創造思考測驗(甲式)指導及研究手冊。台北市：遠流出版社。
吳靜吉、高泉豐、王敬仁、丁興祥(1981; 1998)：拓弄思語文創造思考測驗(乙式)指導及研究手冊。台北市：遠流出版社。
林幸台(1996)：創造思考能力之評量與教學-研究報告。國立台灣師範大學特殊教育學系。
林幸台、王木榮(1994)：威廉斯創造力測驗指導手冊。台北：心理出版社。
林麗娟、詹恭巨(2003)：PBL於網路學習成效評析。第十一屆國際電腦輔助教學研討會(ICCAI 2003)/第十六屆中華民國電腦輔助教學研討會論文集，(pp. 102-106; 編號B5-1).
林寶山(1984)：資優學生的行為特質分析。資優教育與創造性教學，國立高雄師範大學特殊教育中心編。
洪文東(2000)：從問題解決的過程培養學生的科學創造力。屏師科學教育，第11期，52-62。
洪文東、李震甌(2001)：從科學問題解決看創意思考的研究。屏師科學教育，第14期，46-59。
洪瑞雲與王精文(1994)：修訂羅賽浦創造力測驗。管理科學學報，2(1)，73-91。
張世慧(1988)：創造性問題解決方案對國小資優班與普通班學生創造性問題解決能力、創造力和問題解決能力之影響。特殊教育研究學刊, 4, 193-224。
張春興(1996)：教育心理學。台北市，東華出版社。
郭有遹(2001)：創造心理學，台北：正中書局。
郭靜姿(1987)：學習行為觀察量表初步編訂報告。特殊教育研究學刊, 3期, 171-184。
陳明溥、顏榮泉(2001)：不同程度之學習支援對網路化問題導向學習之影響。第五屆全球華人學習科技研討會(GCCCE 2001)/第十屆國際電腦輔助教學研討會(ICCAI 2001)論文集 I，(pp. 548-554).
陳英豪、吳裕益(1981)：賓州創造傾向量表修訂報告。教育學刊，5期，113-142。
陳英豪、吳鐵雄、簡真真(1984)：創造思考與情意教學。高雄復文出版社，1-9。
陳淑絹(1993)：創造性問題解決訓練課程對高中學生語文創造思考、科學能力及科學相關態度的影響。中華心理學刊，35卷，一期，33-42。
陳龍安(1984)：創造思考教學對國小資優班與普通班學生創造思考能力之影響。台北市立師專。
陳龍安(1995)：創造思考教學的理論與實際。台北市：心理出版社。
程上修(1999)：運用合作學習及創造思考問題解決策略於高一氣象學習之成效分析。國立臺灣師範大學地球科學研究所碩士班論文。
湯偉君、邱美虹 (1999)：創造性問題解決(CPS)模式的沿革與應用。科學教育月刊223期。2-20。
賈馥茗(1976)：英才教育。台北市：開明書局。
魏秀恬(2001)：國中科技教育實施創造性問題解決教學之研究。國立臺灣師範大學工業教育研究所碩士班論文。
Amabile, T. M., & Gitomer, J. (1984). Children’s artistic creativity: Effects of choice in task materials. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 10, 209-215.
Baer, J. (1993). Why you shouldn’t trust creativity test. Educational Leadership, 80-83.
Barron, F. (1969). Creative persons and creative process. NY: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
Basadur, M. S. (1994). Managing the Creative Process in Organizations. In Problem Finding, Problem Solving and Creativity, Runco, M.A., ed., New York: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 237-268.
Bennett, O. G. (1982). An investigation into the effects of creative experience in drama upon the creativity, self concept, and achievement of fifth and sixth grade students. Doctoral dissertation, Georgia State University College of Education.
Berliner, D. C. (1992). Redesigning classroom activities for the future. Educational Technology, 32(10), 7-13.
Besemer, S. P. & O’Quinn, K. (1986). Analyzing creative products: Refinement and test of a judging instrument. Journal of Creative Behavior, 20, 115-126.
Besemer, S. P. & O’Quinn, K. (1989). The development, reliability, and validity of the revised creative problem semantic scale. Creative Research Journal. (2), 267-278.
Besemer, S. P. & O’Quinn, K. (1999). Confirming the Three-Factor Creative Product Analysis Matrix Model in an American Sample. Creativity Research Journal, 12(4), 287-296.
Bessmer, S. P. & Treffinger, D. J. (1981). Analysis of creative products: Review and synthesis. Journal of Creative Behavior, 15, 158-178.
Callahan, C. M. (1978). Developing creativity in the gifted and talented. Virginia: The Council for Exceptional Children.
Callahan, C. M. (1991). The assessment of creativity. In N. Colangelo, & G. A. Davis, (Eds.), Handbook of gifted education. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Chi, M. T. M., Glaser, R., & Glaser, R. (1985). The Nature of Expertise, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Collette, A. T., Chiapetta, E. L. (1994). Science Instruction in the Middle & Secondary Schools. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Connolly, D., Donovan, M. (2002). Introducing a problem-based learning module into an occupational therapy course. Learning in Health and Social Care, 1(3), 150-157.
Cropley, A. J. (2001). Creativity in education & learning: a guide for teachers and educators. Kogan Page Ltd.
Davis, G. A. (1986). Creativity is forever. Iowa: kendall/ Hunt Publishing company.
Davis, G. A., & Rimm, S. B. (1985). Education of the gifted and talented. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
De Bono, E. (1985). The CoRT thinking program, in: J. W. Segal, S. F. Ghipman & R. Glaser (Eds) Thinking and Learning Skills: 1, Relating instruction to research, 363-388. (Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum)
Deek, F.P., Turoff, M., & McHugh, J.A. (1999). A common model for problem solving and program development. IEEE Transactions on Education, 42(4), 331-336.
Dewey, J. (1910). How we think. Boston: D.C. Heath.
Dillon, J. T. (1982). Problem finding and solving. Journal of Creative Behavior, 16, 97-111.
Donald, R. W. (1986). Creativity and PS. Journal of College Science Teaching, 15(4), 409-412.
Eysenck, H. J. (1997).Creativity and personality, in The Creativity Research Handbook, 1, ed M A Runco, 41-66.
Fellers, J. W., Bostrom, R. P. (1993). Application of group support systems to promote creativity in information system organizations. Proceedings of the Twenty-seventh Hawaii International Conference on System Science, 332-341.
Gendrop, S. C. (1989). The effect of a creative problem solving strategy on the divergent thinking skills of professional nurses in a nursing service setting. Unpublished doctoral dissertation: The Graduate school of Arts and Science of Boston college, Boston.
Greeno, J. G. (1978). Natures of problem solving abilities. In W. K. Estes (Ed. ), Handbook of learning and cognitive processes, Vol. 5: Human information processing (pp. 239-269). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Grossman, S. R., Wiseman, E. E. (1993). Seven operating principles for enhanced creative problem solving training. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 27(1), 1-17.
Gough, H. (1979). A creative personality scale for the Adjective Check List. Journal of Personality & School Psychology, 37, 1398-1405.
Guenter, C. E. (1985). The historical influences of creativity and its measurement in American education, Doctoral dissertation, University of Wyoming, p61.
Guilford, J. P. (1950). Creativity. American Psychologist 5, 444-454.
Guilford, J. P. (1959).Three Faces of Intellect. American Psychologist, 14, 469-479.
Guilford, J. P. (1967). The Nature of Human Intelligence, New York: McGraw-Hill.
Guilford, J. P. (1977). Way beyond the IQ. Buffalo, NY: Creative Education Foundation, Inc.
Hayes, J. R. (1980). The complete problem solver. Philadelphia: Franklin Institute Press.
Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (1988). Story-telling: A method for assessing children’s creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 22, 235-246.
Hocevar, D. (1979). The development of the Creative Behavior Inventory. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 170 350).
Hocevar, D. (1981). Measurement of creativity: Review and critique. Journal of Personality Assessment, 45, 450-464.
Hocevar, D., Bachelor, P. (1989). A taconomy and critique of measurement used in the study of creativity. In J. A. Glover, R. R. Ronning, & C. R. Reynolds(Eds.), Handbook of creativity. NY: Plenum Press.
Howe, R. (1997). Creative problem solving approaches process for teaching and doing creativity activity. 創造思考教學研討會研習手冊。台北市：台灣師範大學科學教育研究所。
Isaksen, S. G. (1983). Toward a model for facilitation of creative problem solving. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 17(1), 18-30.
Isaksen, S. G. & Parnes, S. J. (1985). Curriculum planning for creative thinking and problem solving. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 19(1), 1-29.
Isaksen, S. G., Dorval, & Treffinger, D. J. (2000). Creative Approaches to Problem Solving, Second Edition.
Jay, E.S. & Perkins, D.N. (1997). Problem finding: The search for mechanism. In M.A. Runco (Eds.), The Creativity Research Handbook, 257-294. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
Johnson, D. W. (1979). Educational Psychology. Englewood cliffs, N. J. : Prentice-Hall.
Kamin, C. S., O’ Sullivan, P. S., Younger, M., & Deterding, R. (2001). Measuring critical thinking in problem-based learning discourse. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 13(1), 27-35.
Lubart, T. I., Sternberg, R. J. (1995). An investment approach to creativity. In S. M. Smith, T. B. Ward, & R. A. Finke, (Eds.), Creative cognition approach. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Margetson, D. (1991). Why is problem-based learning a challenge? In D. Boud & G. Feletti (eds.) The Challenge of Problem-based Learning, pp. 36-44. London: Kogan Page.
Mayo, P., Donnelly, M. B., Nash, P. P., & Schwartz, R. Z. (1993). Student Perceptions of Tutor Effectiveness in problem based surgery clerkship. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 5(4), 227-233.
MacKinnon, D. W. (1976). Assessing creative personality. In A. M. Biondi, & S. J. Parnes (Eds.), Assessing creative growth: The tests. NY: The Creative Education Foundation.
Moshe, B., Yaron, D. (1999). Integrating the Cognitive Research Trust (CoRT) Programme for Creative Thinking into a Project-based Technology Curriculum. Research in Science & Technological Education, 17(2), 139-151.
Nagasundaram, M., Bostrom, R. P. (1995). The structuring of creative process using GSS: a framework for research. Journal of Management Information System, 11(3), 89-116.
Newell, A., & Simon, H. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Norman, G. R., & Schmidt, H. G. (1992). The psychological basic of problem-based learning: A review of the evidence. Acad Med, 67(9), 557-565.
Osborn, A. (1957). Applied imagination. New York: Scribner.
Osborn, A. (1963). Applied Imagination: Principles and Procedures of Creative Problem-Solving. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Renuzulli, J., Smith, L. H., White, A. J., Callahan, C., & Hartman, R. (1976). Scale for rating behavioral characteristics of superior students. Wethersfield, CN: Creative Learning Press.
Rhodes, M. (1961). An analysis of creativity. Phi Delta Kappan, 42, 305-310.
Rosenbaum, H. (2001). Educating information professionals with problem based learning and collaborative technology. Proceedings of the ASIST Annual Meeting, 38, 199-208. ERIC Document No: EJ 637604.
Parnes, S. J. (1967). Creative Behavior Guidebook, State University of New York Colloege at Buffalo, Chales Scribner’s sons.
Parnes, S. J. (1987). Visioneering – State of the Art. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 21(3), 283-299.
Priest, T. (2001). Using creativity assessment experience to nurture and predict compositional creativity. Journal of Research in Music Education, 49(3), 245-257.
Satzinger, J. W., Garfiold, M. J., Nagasundaram, M. (1999). The creative process: The effects of group memory on individual idea generation. Journal of Management Information Systems, 15(4), 143-160.
Shean, J. M. (1979). The effects of training in creative problem solving on divergent thinking and organizational perceptions of students of school administration. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 13, 222.
Sternberg, R. J. (1982). Handbook of human intelligent. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Sternberg, R. J., Lubert, T. I. (1999). The Concept of Creativity: Prospects and paradigms in: Sternberg, R.J. (ed.) Handbook of Creativity. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, A. (1975). An emerging view of creative actions. In I. A. Tylor, & J. W. Getzels (Eds), Perspectives in creativity, 297-325.
Torrance, E. P. (1972). Can we teach children to think creatively? (ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. Edd007089).
Torrance, E. P. (1974; 1990). The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking: Norm-Technical manual, Bensenville, IL: Scholastic Testing Service.
Treffinger, D. J., Firestien, R. L. (1989). Creative problem solving. (First of Three Parts). Gifted Child Today, July/August, 35-39.
Treffinger, D. J., Firestien, R. L. (1989). Creative problem solving. (Second of Three Parts). Gifted Child Today, September/October, 44-47.
Treffinger, D. J., Firestien, R. L. (1989). Creative problem solving. (Third of Three Parts). Gifted Child Today, November/December, 40-44.
Treffinger, D. J., Isaksen, S. G. (1992). Creative problem solving – an introduction. Buffalo: Center for Creative Learning. Inc.
Treffinger, D. J., Isaksen, S. G., & Dorval, K. B. (1994). Creative problem solving: An overview. In M. A. Runco (Ed.), Problem Finding, Problem Solving, and Creativity. New Jersey: Ablex.
Treffinger, D. J., Isaksen, S. G., & Dorval. (2000). Creative Problem Solving: An Introduction, Third Edition.
Wallas, G. (1926). The art of thought. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
Wiles, J. & Bondi, J. (1980). Teaching for creative thinking in the intermediate grades. Journal on Gifted Education, 3(1), 4-6.
Williams, F. E. (1971). Assessing pupil-teacher behaviors related to a cognitive-affective teaching model. Journal of Research & Development in Education, 4, 14-22.
Williams, F. E. (1979). Assessing creativity across Williams’ CUBE model. Gifted Child Quarterly, 23, 748-756.
Williams, F. E. (1980). Creativity Assessment Packet: Manual. NY: D. O. K.