新生代以來，印度和歐亞大陸的碰撞作用及其引發的地體構造運動，不但控制了東亞地區的地體架構及新生代構造演化，並造成喜馬拉雅山及西藏高原的抬升與東亞地區和其周邊大量走向滑移斷層的活動；紅河哀牢山剪切帶便為其中一條主要走向滑移斷層。至今東亞地體演化模式仍有許多爭論，因此紅河剪切帶上的塑性變形構造重建，對於還原東亞地體演化史扮演非常重要的角色。本研究選定紅河哀牢山剪切帶之西北段，中國雲南西南方點蒼山地區的塑性剪切變形構造作為研究對象。藉由野外構造、露頭測量及定向標本進行顯微構造分析來重建構造史，利用Rf/φ方法(分析應變橢圓之軸率與位態)、礦物拉張線分析及斷層機制解分析，計算測量顯微薄片的應變橢圓軸率及位態，進而了解此區的應變狀態，配合上氬氬定年之結果來討論點蒼山變質岩帶異時剪動的變形情況。
根據大地構造及野外資料分析結果得知，點蒼山地區之主葉理面的走向大致平行於西北-東南向之紅河剪切帶，且至少經歷三期的塑性變形作用。根據本研究定年結果加上比對前人定年研究的成果，認為第一期塑性變形約為三疊紀印支時期之前或同時發生，為一高角度褶皺作用，其褶皺軸面約為南北走向 ( ~N10°W)，向北傾斜，傾角約為63°；第二期為次水平方向剪切事件，剪切方向為上層往西北，下層往東南，為一偃臥褶皺，形成的葉理大致呈西北-東南走向( ~N19°W)，向北傾角約為20°；第三期可能為紅河哀牢山剪切帶左移期，可能發生在中新世早期，由本研究白雲母礦物氬氬定年得出結果約為21 Ma左右，屬於高角度褶皺，葉理大致呈西北-東南走向( ~N29°W)，向北傾斜，向北傾角約為55°，伴隨東西向的擠壓；第四期為東西向( ~N88°E)之向南傾（43°）的葉理，但只在點蒼山段發現此現象，可能為重力垮塌事件，同時可能為紅河哀牢山剪切帶右移期，約在中新世晚期到上新世早期，由本研究鉀長石礦物氬氬定年得出結果約為發生於4 Ma左右：之後則屬於脆性變形（D5）之右移正斷層。
目前Rf/φ分析方法及礦物拉張線分析結果顯示點蒼山北段與中段應變Z軸傾角近垂直軸，南段應變Z軸傾較為近水平，顯示點蒼山主應力由北中段到南段之轉變為水平應力轉成垂直應力，說明點蒼山中段到南段發生上部地殼與下部地殼偶合（Coupled）轉成不偶合（Decoupled）的現象。

The Cenozoic collision of the Indian and Eurasia plate had controlled the East Asian tectonic movement, and the uplift of the Himalaya Mountains and the Tibet plateau. One of the major shear zones formed due to this plate collision is the Red River shear zone (RRSZ). However, the deformation mechanism is still under heavy debate. This research focus on the Diancang Shan metamorphic belt. Reconstruction of the structural evolution, strain pattern and thermal history of the Diancang Shan Metamorphic Belt via field work, numerous strain analysis with 40Ar/39Ar geochronology was performed in order to gain insite into the structural and strain history of the Diancang Shan metamorphic belt, and their tectonic significance.
Field data analysis revealed the Diancang Shan had experienced 5 deformation events. The first deformation event (D1) forms upright fold with N-S striking (~N10°), steep dipping (63°), axial planes probably during the Triassic Indosinian orogeny. The second deformation event (D2) forms recumbent fold with NW-SE striking (~N19°), shallow to subhorizontal dipping( 20°) axial plane. The third deformation event (D3) forms upright fold with NW-SE striking (~N29°), inclined dipping (55°) axial planes, possibly resulted from the left-lateral strike-slip movement of the RRSZ during the early Miocene (21 ~ ? Ma), As suggeated by the first rapid cooling event according to the decides the dating by this research 40Ar/39Ar dating result . The fourth deformation event (D4) forms upright fold with E-W striking (~N88°), inclined dipping (43°) to ward south axial plane is only observed in the Diancang shan south section, and the strain pattern suggested a right-lateral shear regime; that I correlated the D4 event to the right-lateral shearing of the ASRR. The D4 event possibly formed during 5 Ma as the second cooling event of the 40Ar/39Ar dating result. The uplifting continued under the right-lateral shear regine, which the Diancang Shan metamorphic belt (D5) are mostly normal fault with right-lateral displacement.
Of the Rf/φ, Fry, and center to center strain analysis methods applied in this research. The Rf/φ is the most suitable method or strain analysis for med to high grade metamorphic rocks. As the foliation orientation calculated base on the Rf/φ analysis method better corrects with the actual foliation orientation. The strain pattern calculated
from the N-S and E-W sections suggested that the Diancang Shan recorded a right lateral shear event with thrusting component. further more, the mineral lineation distribute a concentric circle pattern, which suggests the southern portion of Diancang shan metamorphic belt might have decoupled tectonic activity between the upper crust from the lower crust, and the deformation activity is driven by a lower crustal flow.

Allen, C.R., Gillespie, A.R., Han, Y., Sieh, K.E., Zhang, B., and Zhu, C., 1984, Red River and associated faults, Yunnan Province, China: Quaternary geology, slip rates, and seismic hazard: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 95, p. 686-700.
Angelier, J., Mechler, P., 1977, Sur une methode graphique de recherche des contraintes principales egalement utilisable in tectonique et en seismologie: La methode de diedres droits: Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France 7, 1309-1318
Armijo, R., Tapponnier, P., and Han, T., 1989, Late Cenozoic right-lateral strike-slip faulting in southern Tibet: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, p. 2787-2838.
Bai, L., Iidaka, T. Kawakatsu, H. Morita, Y. Dzung, N.O., 2009, Upper mantle anisotropy beneath Indochina block and adjacent regions from shear-wave splitting analysis of Vietnam broadband seismograph array data: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, dio: 10.1016/j.pepi.2009.03.008
Bhattacharyya, P., and Hudleston, P., 2001, Strain in ductile shear zones in the Caledonides of northern Sweden: a three-dimensional puzzle: Journal of Structural Grology, v. 23, p. 1549-1565.
Bird, P., 2003. An updated digital model of plate boundaries: Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 4, 1027, doi:10.1029/2001GC000252.
Brooks, C., Hart, S.R., and Wendt, I., 1972, Realistic use of two-error regression treatment as applied to rubidium-strontium data: Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. v. 10, p. 551-557.
Burchfiel, B.C., 2004, Presidential Address: New Technology: New Geological Challenges: GSA Today, v. 14, p. 4-9.
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Yunnan: Geologial map of Yunnan, scale 1:500,000, 1993.
Carter, A., Roques, D., Bristow, C., and Kinny, P., 2001, Understanding Mesozoic accretion in Southeast Asia: Significance of Triassic thermotectonism (Indosinian orogeny) in Vietnam: Geology, v. 29, p. 211-214.
Chew, D.M., 2003. An Excel spreadsheet for finite strain analysis using the Rf/φ technique: Computers & Geosciences, v. 29, p. 795–799.
Davis, G.H., Reynolds, S.J., 1996. Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Dewey, J.F., Cande, S., and Pitman III, W.C., 1989, Tectonic evolution of the India/Eurasia collision zone: Eclogae Geol. Helv., v. 82, p. 717-734.
Dodson, M.H., 1973, Closure Temperature in Cooling Geochronological and Petrological Systems: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 40, p. 259-274.
Duncan, R.A., 1978, Geochronology of basalts from the Ninetyeast Ridge and continental dispersion in the eastern Indian Ocean: J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 4, p. 283-305.
Dunnet, D.G., 1969, Atechnique of finite strain analysis using elliptical particles: Tectonophysics, v. 7, p. 117-136.
England, P., and Houseman, G., 1986, Finite strain calculations of continental deformation; 2, Comparison with the India-Asia collision zone: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 91, p. 3664-3676.
England, P.C., Houseman, G.A., and Sonder, L.J., 1985, Length scales for continental deformation in convergent, divergent, and strike-slip environments: Analytical and approximate solutions for a thin viscous sheet model: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 90, p. 3551-3557.
Flesch, L.M., Holt, W.E., Silver, P.G., Stephenson, M., Wang, C.Y., Chan, W.W., 2005. Constraining the extent of crust-mantle coupling in central Asia using GPS: Geologic and shear wave splitting data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 238, p. 248-268.
Flinn, D., 1962. On folding during three-dimensional progressive deformation. Journal of the Geological Society London, v. 118, p. 385-433.
Fry, N., 1979, Random point distributions and strain measurement in rocks. Tectonophysics, v. 60, p. 806-807.
Gilley, L.D., Harrison, T.M., Leloup, P.H., Ryerson, F.J., Lovera, O.M., and Wang, J.-H., 2003, Direct dating of left-lateral deformation along the Red River shear zone, China and Vietnam: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, p. 10.1029/2001JB001726.
Harris, N., 2007, Channel flow and the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen: a critical review: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 164, p. 511-523.
Harrison, T.M., Chen, W., Leloup, P.H., Ryerson, F.J., and Tapponnier, P., 1992, An Early Miocene transition in deformation regime within the Red River Fault zone, Yunnan, and its significance for Indo-Aisan tectonics: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 97, p. 7159-7182.
Harrison, T.M., Leloup, P.H., and Ryerson, F.J., 1996, Diachronous initiation of transtension along the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, Yunnan and Vietnam, in Yin, A., and Harrison, T.M., eds., The Tectonic Evolution of Asia: World and Regional Geology Series, The Tectonic Evolution of Asia, p. 208-226.
Holt, W.E., Ni, J.F., Wallace, T.C., and Haines, A.J., 1991, The active tectonics of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and surrounding regions: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 14595-14632.
Houseman, G., and England, P., 1986, A dynamic model of lithosphere extension and sedimentary basin formation: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 91, p. 719-729.
Houseman, G., 1993, Crustal thickening versus lateral expulsion in the Indian-Asian continental collision: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 98, p. 12,233-12,249.
Houseman, G., and England, P., 1996, A lithospheric-thickening model for the Indo-Asian collision, in Yin, A., and Harrison, T.M., eds., The Tectonic Evolution of Asia: World and Regional Geology Series, Cambridge University Press, p. 1-17.
Huang, Z.,Wang, L., Xu, M., Liu, J., Mi, N., Liu, S., 2007. Shear wave splitting across the Ailao Shan-red River fault zone, SW China: Geoph. Res. Let. 34, doi:10.1029/2007GL031236.
Iwakuni, M., Kato, T., Takiguchi, H., Nakaegawa, T., Satomura, M., 2004. Crustal deformation in Thailand and tectonics of Indochina peninsula as seen from GPS observations: Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L11612, doi:10.1029/2004GL020347.
Jolivet, L., Beyssac, O., B., G., Avigad, D., Lepvrier, C., Maluski, H., and Thang, T.T., 2001, Oligo-Miocene midcrustal subhorizontal shear zone in Indochina: Tectonics, v. 20, p. 46-57.
Kirkland, C.L., Daly, J.S., Eide, E.A., Whitehouse, M.J., 2006. The structure and timing of lateral escape during the Scandian Orogeny: a combined strain and geochronological investigation in Finnmark, Arctic Norwegian Caledonides. Tectonophysics 425 (1–4), 159–189
Kutty, T.S., Joy, S., 1994. RFPHI—a program in turbo C for the Rf/φ diagram method of two-dimensional strain analysis: Computers & Geosciences, 20 (2), 247-263.
Lanphere, M.A., Dalrymple, G.B., 1978, The use of 40Ar/39Ar data in evaluation of disturbed K-Ar systems. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rpt. 78-701, p. 241-243.
Leloup, P.H., Arnaud, N., Lacassin, R., Kienast, J.R., Harrison, T.M., Phan Trong, T.T., Replumaz, A., and Tapponnier, P., 2001, New constraints on the structure, thermochronology, and timing of the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, SE Asia: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 106, p. 6683-6732.
Leloup, P.H., Harrison, M., Ryerson, F.J., Chen, W., Li, Q., Tapponnier, P., and Lacassin, R., 1993, Structural, petrological and thermal evolution of a Tertiary ductile strike-slip shear zone, Diancang Shan, Yunnan: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 98, p. 6715-6743.
Leloup, P.H., Kienast, J.R., 1993. High-temperature metamorphism in a major strike-slip shear zone: the Aloao Red River, People’s Republic of China. Earth Planetary Science Letter, v. 118, p. 213-234.
Leloup, P.H., Lacassin, R., and Tapponnier, P., 1995, The Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone (Yunnan, China), Tertiary transform boundary of Indochina: Tectonophysics, v. 251, p. 3-84.
Leloup, P.H., Lacassin, R., Tapponnier, P., and Harrison, T.M., 2001, Comment on "Onset timing of left-lateral movement along the Ailao Shan-Red river shear zone: 40Ar/39Ar dating constraint from the Nam Dinh area, northeastern Vietnam" by Wang et al., 2000: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 18, 281-292: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 20, p. 95-99.
Lev, E., Long, M.D., van der Hilst, R.D., 2006. Seismic anisotropy in Eastern Tibet from shear wave splitting reveals changes in lithospheric deformation: Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett. v. 251, p. 293-304.
Lisle, R.J., 1977. Clastic grain shape and orientation in relation to cleavage from the Aberystwyth Grits, Wales: Tectonophysics, 39, 381-395.
Lisle, R.J., 1985. Geological Strain Analysis: A manual for the Rf–φ Technique: Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Lo, C.-H. & Lee C.Y., 1994, 40Ar/39Ar method of K-Ar age determination of geological samples using Tsing-Hua Open-pool Reactor (THOR): Journal of the Geological Society, China, v. 37, p. 1-22.
Ludwig. K.R., 2001 ISOPLOT/Ex Rev. 2.49. United States Geological Survey.
Luo, Y., Huang, Z.X., Peng, Y.J., Zheng, Y.J., 2004. A study on SKS wave splitting beneath the China mainland and adjacent regions. Chinese J: Geo- phys. v. 47, p. 916-926.
Maluski, H., Coulon, C., Popoff, M., Baudin, P., 1995, 40Ar/39Ar chronology, petrology and geodynamic setting of Mesozoic to early Cenozoic magmatism from the Benue Trough, Nigeria: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 152, p.311-326.
Maluski, H., Lepvrier, C., Jolivet, L., Carter, A., Roques, D., Beyssac, O., Tang, T.T., Thang, N.D., and Avigad, D., 2001, Ar-Ar and fssion-track ages in the Song Chay Massif: Early Triassic and Cenozoic tectonics in northern Vietnam: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 19, p. 233-248.
McNamara, D.E., Owens, T.J., Silver, P.G., and Wu, F.T., 1994, Shear wave anisotropy beneaththe Tibetan Plateau: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 13,655–13,665.
Mulchrone, K.F., Meere, P.A., 2001, A windows program for the analysis of tectonic strain using deformed elliptical markers: Computers & Geosciences, v. 27, p. 1251-1255.
Nam T. N., Toriumi, M., Sano, Y., Terada, K., Thang, T. T., 2003, 2.9, 2.36, and 1.96Ga zircons in orthogneiss south of the Red River shear zone in Viet Nam: evidence from SHRIMP U-Pb dating and tectonothermal implications: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 21, p. 743-753.
Neuendorf, K.K.E., Mehl, J.P., Jackson, J.A., 2005, Glossary of Geology, Fifth Edition, American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia.
Odin G. S. ET AL., 1982, Interlaboratory Standards for Dating Purposes. in Numerical Dating in Stratigraphy (ed. G. S. Odin). 123–149 Wiley, Chichester, U.K.
Peach, C.J., Lisle, R.J., 1979, A FORTRAN IV program for the analysis of tectonic strain using deformed elliptical markers: Computers & Geosciences, v. 5 (3-4), p. 325-33.
Peltzer, G., and Tapponnier, P., 1988, Formation and evolution of strike-slip faults, rifts, and basins during the India-Asia collision: An experimental approach: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 93, p. 15085-15117.
Ramsay, J.G., 1967, Folding and Fracturing of Rocks. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Ramsay, J.G., Huber, M.I., 1983. The Techniques of Modern Structural Geology, Vol. 1: Strain Analysis. Academic Press, London.
Ratschbacher, L., Frisch, W., Chen, C.S., and Pan, G., 1996, Cenozoic deformation, rotation, and stress patterns in eastern Tibet and western Sichuan, China, in Yin, A., and Harrison, T.M., eds., The Tectonic Evolution of Asia: World and Regional Geology Series, The Tectonic Evolution of Asia, p. 227-249.
Replumaz, A., Tapponnier, P., 2003, Reconstruction of the deformed collision zone between India and Asia by backward motion of lithospheric blocks: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, p. 10.1029/2001JB000661.
Royden, L.H., Burchfiel, B.C., King, R.W., Wang, E., Chen, Z., Shen, F., and Liu, Y., 1997, Surface deformation and lower crustal flow in eastern Tibet: Science, v. 276, p. 788-790.
Sandvol, E., Ni, J., Kind, R., and Zhao, W., 1997, Azimuthal seismic anisotropy beneath the southern Himalayas-Tibet collision zone: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, p. 17,813–17,823.
Sarkarinejad, K., 2007. Quantitative finite strain and kinematic flow analyses along the Zagros transpression zone, Iran: Tectonophysics, v. 442, p. 49-65.
Schärer, U., Zhang, L.-S., and Tapponnier, P., 1994, Duration of strike-slip movements in large shear zones: The Red River belt, China: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 126, p. 379-397.
Schärer, U., Tapponnier, P., Lacassin, R., Leloup, P. H.; Zhong, D., Ji, S., 1990, Intraplate tectonics in Asia: a precise age for large-scale Miocene movement along the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, China: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 97, p. 65-77.
Searle, M.P., 2006, Role of the Red River Shear zone, Yunnan and Vietnam, in the continental extrusion of SE Asia: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 163, p. 1025-1036.
Skinner , B. J., Porter , S. C., Park, J., 2004, Dynamic Earth An Introduction to Physical Geology, Fifth Edition, Wiley & Sons, Printed in the United States of America
Sol, S., Meltzer, A., Burgmann, R., van der Hilst, R.D., King, R., Chen, Z., Koons, P.O., Lev, E., Liu, Y.P., Zeitler, P.K., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., and Zurek, B., 2007, Geodynamics of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau from seismic anisotropy and geodesy: Geology, v. 35, p. 563-566.
Starkey, J., Samantaray, A.K., 1994. A microcomputer-based system for quantitative petrographic analysis: Computers & Geosciences, v. 20 (9), p. 1285-1296
Sullivan, W.A., 2008. Significance of transport-parallel strain variations in part of the Raft River shear zone, Raft River Mountains, Utah, USA: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 30, p. 138-158.
Talbot, C. J., 1970, The minimum strain ellipsoid using deformed quartz veins. Tectonophysics, v. 9, p.47-76
Tapponnier, P., Lacassin, R., Leloup, P.H., Scharer, U., Zhou, D., Wu, H., Liu, X., Ji, S., Zhang, L., and Zhong, J., 1990, The Ailao Shan/Red River metamorphic belt: Tertiary left-lateral shear between Indochina and South China: Nature, v. 343, p. 431-437.
Tapponnier, P., Peltzer, G., and Armijo, R., 1986, On the mechanics of the collision between India and Asia, in Coward, M.P., and Ries, A.C., eds., Collision Tectonics, Volume 19: Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. No. 19: London, Geol. Soc. London, p. 115-157.
Tapponnier, P., Peltzer, G., Le Dain, A.Y., and Armijo, R., 1982, Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine: Geology, v. 10, p. 611-616.
Tapponnier, P., Xu, Z., Roger, F., Meyer, B., Arnaud, N., Wittlinger, G., and Yang, J., 2001, Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet Plateau: Science, v. 23, p. 1671-1677.
Teyssier, C., Tikoff, B., and Weber1, J., 2002, Attachment between brittle and ductile crust at wrenching plate boundaries: Stephan Mueller Special Publication Series, v. 1, p. 75-91.
Treagus, S.H., Treagus, J.E., 2002. Studies of strain and the rheology of conglomerates: Journal of Structural Geology , v. 24, p. 1541-1567.
Turner, G., 1971, 40Ar/39Ar ages from the lunar maria: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 10, p. 227-234.
Vitale, S., Mazzoli, S., 2005. Influence of object concentration on finite strain and effective viscosity contrast: Insights from naturally deformed packstones: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 27, p. 2135–2149.
Wang, C.-Y., and Xie, X., 1998, Hydrofracturing and episodic fluid flow in shale-rich basin-a numerical study: AAPG Bulletin, v. 82, p. 1857-1869.
Wang, J.-H., Yin, A., Harrison, T.M., Grove, M., Zhang, Y.-Q., and Xie, G.-H., 2001, A tectonic model for Cenozoic igneous activities in the eastern Indo-Asian collision zone: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 188, p. 123-133.
Wang, P.-L., Lo, C.-H., Chung, S.-L., Lee, T.-Y., Lan, C.-Y., and Thang, T.V., 2000, Onset timing of left-lateral movement along the Ailao Shan-Red River Shear Zone: 40Ar/39Ar dating constraint from the Nam Dinh Area, northeastern Vietnam: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 18, p. 281-292.
Whalley, J.S., 1987, The use of digitizing tablet to automate Rƒ/φ calculations: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 9 (4), p. 501-502.
Williams, P.F., 1976, Foliation: A review and discussion. Tectonophysics, v. 39, p. 305-328.
Xypolias., P., Chatzaras, V., Koukouvelas, I.K., 2007. Strain gradients in zones of ductile thrusting: Insights from the External Hellenides: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 29, p. 1522-1537.
Yin, A., and Harrison, T.M., 2000, Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 28, p. 211-280.
Zhang, L.S. and Scharer, U., 1999. Age and origin of magmatism along the Cenozoic Red River shear belt: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 134,p. 67-85.
Zhao, L., Zheng, T.Y., Chen, L., Tang, Q.S., 2007. Shear wave splitting in eastern and Central China: implications for upper mantle deformation beneath continental margin: Phys. Earth Planet. Inter, v. 162, p. 73-84.
王珮玲，1998，鉀長石氬40/氬39同位素熱定年學之研究與應用，國立台灣大學地質研究所，[博士論文]，共198頁。
李冠英，2007，中生代以來雲南點蒼山變質岩帶構造史之探討，國立台灣師範大學[碩士論文]，共78頁。
黃愛玲，2008，越南北部象背山變質岩帶應變量分析與研究，國立台灣師範大學[碩士論文]，共90頁。