目的：探討12週油壓阻力訓練前、後，以及伴隨一個月不運動對於老年女性肌少症之功能性體適能、肌肉型態和爆發力影響。方法：招募65歲以上肌少症老年女性，隨機分配成運動組和控制組各12名，透過老年人功能性體適能電子測量儀、超音波和等速肌力儀進行測量。使用二因子混合設計觀察2組別和前、後測表現，並以相依樣本t檢定分析運動組前、後測和1個月不運動後之間差異(α =. 05)。結果：運動組30秒站立、2.44公尺坐起繞物、功能性前伸以及2分鐘踏步明顯改善；RF肌肉厚度和VL在肌肉收縮時之肌束長度顯著增加；爆發力大幅提升。經一個月不運動後坐椅體前彎和2分鐘踏步顯著衰退；RF肌肉厚度持續增加；VL肌束長度顯著減少；爆發力顯著退步。結論：經12週訓練對於RFD和MT均有顯著進步，受到肌肉神經系統功能改善，加快肌纖維之徵招，隨後肌肉組織開始增生和肥大，大幅提升整體功能性體適能表現。

Purpose: This study examined the influence of hydraulic-resistance circuit training and short-term detraining on the senior fitness, muscle architecture and rate of force development (RFD) for sarcopenia elder women. Methods: The subjects are 24 sarcopenia elder women who are evenly divided into hydraulic group (HDRE) and control group (CON). Subjects were examined by the senior fitness test, ultrasound and the biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Two factors mixed design (two-way ANOVA) was used to analyze pre- and post-tests between groups, and paired-samples t test was used to analyze pre-, post- and detraining-tests, significant level was set α=.05. Results: After 12 weeks hydraulic-resistance circuit training, the 30 seconds sit to stand test, the 2.44 meters up and go test, the functional reach test and the 2 minutes step were significantly increased. The thickness of rectus femoris (RF) were significantly increased, but fascicle length of the vastus lateralis (VL) was significantly decreased. RFD and impulse were significantly increased. Conclusions: RFD and muscle thickness were increased significantly after 12 weeks hydraulic resistance training. Hydraulic resistance circuit training could be beneficial to neuromuscular system functions. It shows that HDRE training could increase immediately for the recruitment of muscle fibers and be hypertrophy later. Therefore hydraulic circuit training could be the economic way to improve the functional fitness of the elderly women.

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