目的：在探討12週游泳間歇訓練之不同間歇時間對於甲狀腺素與身體組成之影響。方法：本研究以38名可以完成100公尺但未受過正式游泳訓練的成年人為研究對象，隨機分派至10秒組、30秒組和60秒組。以漸增負荷的訓練方式，每週至少三天，每次約一小時，強度達到80% HRmax以上。分別在前測、中測（第5週）和後測時收集安靜時血液分析三碘甲狀腺素（T3）、四碘甲狀腺素（T4）和促甲狀腺素（TSH）及測量體重與體脂肪百分比等。所得資料以 SPSS12.0 for Windows統計軟體分析，進行二因子混合設計變異數分析（two-way ANOVA）考驗，達顯著差異進行薛費（Scheffe’）事後比較，統計顯著水準為α=.05。結果：（1）12週的高強度游泳間歇訓練會造成T3與T4濃度的降低（p<.05），TSH沒有改變，但三組之間甲狀腺素濃度沒有差異；（2）12週的高強度游泳間歇訓練對體脂肪百分比沒有改變。結論：十二週高強度游泳間歇訓練對身體機能造成足夠的刺激，造成甲狀腺素濃度降低，因此甲狀腺素濃度的變化能夠當作觀察運動刺激是否足夠的指標之一。

Purpose: To investigate the effects of different rest periods of interval training in swimming on thyroid hormone and body composition. Methods: this study aims at Thirty-eight (38) males who can swim 100 meters but have never been trained were the subjects. They were randomly assigned to three groups of different rest periods as 10s、30s and 60s. The subjects were trained by progressively increasing the training intensity and ultimately the intensity reaches at least to 80% HRmax. The frequency of training was three sessions per week, and one hour per session. Resting blood samples were colleted before, in the middle of (the 5th week) and after the training. Blood samples were analyzed for T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone). Body weight (wt) and the body-fat percentage (fat%) were also measured before, in the middle of and after the study. The data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 for Windows; the significant level is α＝.05. Results: (1) A 12 week interval training in swimming cause T3 and T4 to decrease (p<.05), but TSH remains unchanged. There is no difference in thyroid concentration among these three groups after the study. (2) Body weight and fat% remain unchanged during twelve weeks of training. Conclusion: A 12-week intensive interval training in swimming is enough to alter physical conditions, and cause a decrease in thyroid hormone. Therefore, the changes of thyroid hormone could serve as one of the indexes of whether the stimulus of training is sufficient or not.

引用文獻：

中文部分：

江孟珍（2000）。不同訓練內容對高中女子籃球隊身體組成基本及專項體能之訓練效果。未出版碩士論文，國立體育學院，桃園。

吳蕙米（2000）。不同強度有氧運動與熱量攝取控制對身體組成及生理相關因素影響之研究。大專體育雙月刊，51，46-54。

林正常（1989）。老人的運動。台北：科技圖書中心。

林正常（1996）。運動生理學實驗指引。台北：師大書苑。

林正常（總校閱）、蔡崇濱、劉立宇、林政東、吳忠芳（譯），(2001)。運動訓練法。台北市：藝軒。（Bompa, T. O., 1999）

林雪如（2002）。補充β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate四週配合重量訓練對於身體組成、血液生化及最大肌力之影響。未出版碩士論文，國立體育學院運動科學研究所，桃園。

曹德弘（2001）。長期規律運動對腹部脂肪分佈與瘦身蛋白的影響。未出版碩士論文，國立台灣師範大學，台北市。

黃懷玉（2001）。補充冬蟲夏草八週並配合重量訓練對於身體組成、血液生化值及最大總肌力之影響。未出版碩士論文，國立體育學院，桃園。

廖家祺（2001a）。中等強度有氧舞蹈訓練對身體組成及脂質過氧化物質的影響。大專體育學刊，3（1），55-63。

廖家祺（2001b）。中等強度有氧舞蹈訓練對女性身體組成、血液生化值及抗氧化能力之影響。未出版碩士論文，國立體育學院，桃園。

廖貴地（1982）。漸增負荷跑步對大學男生體脂與耐力之影響研究。體育學報，10，89-102。

劉丹、何加才、商瑞華、楊秀武（1994）。為國家女子足球隊備戰首屆世界杯進行訓練控制的研究。體育科學，14（2），39- 43。

蔡明憲（2003）。長期規律運動對全身脂肪分佈的影響。未出版碩士論文，國立台灣師範大學，台北市。

謝伸裕（1997）。基礎運動生物化學。台北市：力大。

西文部分：

Alen, M., Pakarinen, A., & Hakkinen, K. (1993). Effects of prolonged training on serum thyrotropin and thyroid hormones in elite strength athletes. Journal of Sports Science, 11, 493-497.

Baylor, L. S., & Hackney, A. C. (2003). Resting throid and leptin hormone changes in women following intense, prolonged exercise training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 88, 480-484.

Borg, G. A. (1982). Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 14, 377-381.

Caralis, DG., Edwards, L., & Davies, J. (1977). Serum total and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine during dynamie muscular exercise in man. American Journal of Physiology, 2, 115-118.

Chen, S. (1997). Physiological responses and metabolic adaptations during stages of a basketball season. Unpublished master’s thesis, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton.

Chicharro, J. L., Hoyos, J., Bandres, F., Terrados, N., Fernandez, B., & Lucia, A. (2001). Thyroid hormone levels during a 3-week professional road cycling competition. Hormone Research, 56, 159-164.

Costanzo, S. L. (2003). Physiology (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Counsilman, E. J. (1977). The complete book of swimming (3rd ed.). New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Deborah, B. D., Kirk , J. C., Harry, P. D., & Harry, G. O. (1985). Effects of aerobic dance on physical work capacity cardiovascular function and body composition of middle-aged w omen. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 56(3), 227-233.

Galbo, H., Hummer, L., Peterson, IB, Christensen, NJ., & Bie, N. (1977). Throid and testicular hormonal responses to graded and prolonged exercise in men. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 36, 101-106.

Gilman, M. B. (1996). The use of heart rate to monitor the intensity of endurance training. Sport Medicine, 21(2), 73-79.

Hackney, AC., & Gulledge, T. (1994). Thyroid hormone response during an 8-hour period following aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Physiology Research, 43, 1-5.

Hesse, V., Vilser, C., Scheibe, J., Jahreis, G., & Foley, T. (1989). Thyroid hormone metabolism under extreme body exercise. Experimental Clinical Endocrinology, 94, 82-88.

Jamurtas, A. Z., Koutedakis, Y., Paschalis, V., Tofas, T.,
Yfanti, C., Tsiokanos, A., et al. (2004). The effects of a single bout of exercise on resting energy expenditure and respiratory exchange ratio. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 92, 393-398.

Johnson, S., Berg, K., & Latin, R. (1984). The effect of training frequency of aerobic dance on oxygen uptake, body composition and personality. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 24, 290-298.

Kraemer, W. J., Gordon, S. E., Fleck, S. J., et al. (1991). Endogenous anabolic hoemonal and growth factor response to heavy resistance exercise in males and females. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 12, 228-235.
Lehmann, M., Knizia, K., Gastmann, U., Petersen, KG.,

Khalaf AN., Bauer, S., et al. (1993). Influence of 6-week, 6days per week, training on pituitary function in recreational athletes. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(3), 186-192.

Maglischo, E. W. (1993). Swimming even faster. California: Mayfield.

Merrill, T. (1993). Heart rate and physiological assessment of women,s collegiate basketball. Unpublished master’s thesis, California State University, Fullerton.

McInnes, S. E., Carlson, J. S., Jones, C. J., & McKenna,
M.J. (1995). The physiological load imposed on basketball players during competition. Journal of Sport Sciences, 13, 387-397.

Mujika, I., Chatard, J. C., Padilla, S., Guezennec, C. Y., & Geyssant, A. (1996). Hormonal responses to training and its tapering off in competitive swimmers: relationships with performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 74(4), 361-366.

Robson, M. W., & Howat, R. C. (1992). Developing swimmers aerobic capacities. Swimming Technique, 28, 12-15.

Rone, JK., Dons, RF., & Reed, HL. (1992). The effect of endurance training on serum triiodothyronine kinetics in man: Physical conditioning marked by enhanced thyroid hormone metabolism. Clinical Endocrinology (Oxford) , 37, 325-330.

Schmidt, W. D., Hyner, G. C., Lyle, R. M., Corrigan, D., Bottoms, G., & Melby, CL. (1994). The effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise conditioning on resting metabolic rate and thermic effect of a meal. International Journal of Sport Nutrition, 4(4), 335-346.

Shimoyama, Y., Tomikawa, M., & Nomura, T. (2003). The effect of rest periods on energy system contribution during interval swimming. European Journal of Sport Science, 3(1), 1-11.

Well, g., Balke, B. & Van-Forsan, D.D. (1957). Lactic acid accumulation during work. A suggested standardization of work classification. Journal of Applied Physiology, 10, 51-55.