壹、中文摘要
記憶會以多元方式於大腦神經細胞中形成及儲存，並可因應需求而重新喚回及表現已儲存之記憶。海馬迴為哺乳類與大部分陸地脊椎動物腦內，與空間記憶有關之重要腦區。實驗證實硬骨魚的端腦同源於哺乳類的海馬迴，負責空間相關之學習與記憶等認知功能。
本研究採用改良型之斑馬魚T字形迷宮，合併學習前或學習後之端腦破壞處理，以探討斑馬魚之端腦與空間記憶之關聯，及其在記憶習得（acquisition）、保存（retention）與提取（retrieval）過程中的重要性。實驗結果顯示， 1.雙側端腦破壞不會影響斑馬魚的自發性探索行為，卻會明顯干擾空間記憶的習得、保存與表現。2.學習前的雙側端腦破壞，會同時影響長期記憶，及短期記憶的獲取與表現。3.學習後的雙側端腦破壞，會破壞先前已建立之空間記憶，顯示不論是長期或短期的空間記憶形成，皆需要端腦腦區（telencephalon）的參與。4. 此外，學習後的左側端腦破壞，使斑馬魚無法正常表現先前已建立之空間記憶。5.學習前右側端腦破壞，使斑馬魚出現空間記憶學習障礙。這些結果顯示，左、右端腦半球在空間記憶形成過程中，具有功能上的不對稱性。使左、右端腦分別在空間的學習與記憶上，具有不同程度的優勢性。
綜合以上各點，本研究證實端腦在斑馬魚空間學習與記憶上扮演重要的角色，且參與層面廣涵空間記憶的習得、保存、提取與表現。此外，初步證實斑馬魚端腦左、右側可能與哺乳類相似具有空間定位優勢性。此結果不但可作為與其他物種在神經生理學上及演化的比較，且有助斑馬魚模式於神經科學研究應用之推廣。

貳、英文摘要Abstract
Memory which stores and deals with all requirements of existence is formed in various ways in the nerve cells of the brain. Hippocampus is critical for the formation of spatial memory in mammals and land vertebrates. The telencephalon in teleost fish is homologous to the hippocampus of mammalian, which is specifically involved in spatial learning and memory.
The present study was aimed to study possible role of telencephalon on the spatial learning and memory in zebrafish. Which include the importance of telencephalon on the acquisition, retention, and retrieval of spatial memories. To achieve this goal, we used modified T-maze paradigm combined with specific lesion of telencephalon before and after spatial learning. Results showed: 1. Either global or unilateral lesion of the telencephalon has no impacts for locomotor activity but deficit the acquisition, retention and retrieval of spatial memory. 2. Lesion of the telencephalon impairs not only the long-term but also the short-term memory. 3. Functional asymmetric of telencephalon on spatial learning has been found in zebrafish. 4. Right side telencephalon is dominant for the spatial learning and memory. According to our results, we concluded that telencephalon plays a vital role of spatial learning and memory in zebrafish on the acquisition, retention, and retrieval of spatial memory. The telencephalon of zebrafish has cerebral lateralization which is similar to mammals. The results gathering from this study can be applied to the comparative neurophysiological studies between different species. But also extend the usage of zebrafish model on neuroscience research.

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