約翰‧杜克(John Duke，1899－1984)是二十世紀美國現代最重要的作曲家之ㄧ，他身處於兩次世界大戰不安的時代，當時正值「美國詩詞文藝復興」(American poetic renaissance)風潮蔚起的之際，受到美國詩詞無形的影響，杜克靈活運用二十世紀文學及詩詞的素材，融合了當代音樂的創作元素，使美國藝術歌曲有了新的面貌。接觸杜克早、中、晚期部分的藝術歌曲後，發現歌曲的歌詞素材是以採用美國女詩人狄斯德爾（Sara Teasdale，1884－1933）的詩為最多，但國內針對杜克的美國藝術歌曲研究並不易取得，而以「狄斯德爾與音樂」為主題的研究更是缺乏，因此本論文將探討由杜克引用狄斯德爾的詩，並與詩篇同標題而完成的聯篇歌曲《來自海上》。
本論文共分為五章，除了第一章緒論外，第二章談論杜克的生平背景
，並對不同時期的選詩偏好和音樂創作風格做一深入的分析。第三章是論詩人莎拉‧狄斯德爾的生平背景，以及她一生具有代表性的七本詩集，進而論
述詩篇「來自海上」的創作背景。第四章則是針對杜克《來自海上》聯篇歌
曲，進行抽絲剝繭的音樂分析，從曲式、和聲、調性、聲樂旋律、鋼琴伴奏、歌詞解析和演唱技巧等方向，了解音樂與詩詞之間相融的樂念。第五章是筆者研究此論文的總結。

John Duke (1899-1984) was one of the most important contemporary composers in the U.S. in 20th century. Living in the disturbing era between two World Wars, a period when American poetic renaissance was booming, and being influenced by American poets, Duke made good use of materials of 20th century literature and poet. He combined elements of music creation at that time and gave American art songs a new look. After looking through Duke's early, mid and late art songs, most elements found in his works were poets of Sara Teasdale(1988-1933), an American poetess. However the research of Duke's American art songs is difficult to find domestically, and those based on "Teasdale and Music" were even fewer; therefore this research focus on the song cycle "From the Sea," which Duke derived from Teasdale's poet and shared the same title.
There are five chapters in this research. Chapter one: introduction. Chapter two: discussion of Duke's biography and in-depth analysis of his favor in selecting poets in different periods and the styles of music creation. Chapter three: the biography of Sara Teasdale and her seven most representative poets; then describing the creation background of poet "From the Sea." Chapter four: a detailed musical analysis of Duke's song cycle "From the Sea;" through aspects of musical form, harmony, tonality, vocal melody, piano accompaniment, analysis of lyric and singing skill to understand the concept of the combination of music and poet. Chapter five: conclusion.

ㄧ、中文書籍（按作者筆劃順序排列）

王珉。《美國音樂史》。上海市：上海音樂出版社，2005。

蔡良玉。《美國專業音樂發展簡史》。北京：人民音樂出版社，1992。

Emerson, Ralph Waldo.《美國詩選》。林以亮編選；張愛玲、余中光、林以亮、刑光祖譯。香港：今日世界出版，1963。

Nettl, Bruno.《美國民間音樂》。簡而清 譯。香港：今日世界出版，1974。

Teasdale, Sara.《戀曲及其他：美國女詩人(Sara Teasdale)的小詩》。胡品清 編譯。
台北：未來書城出版，2003。

二、外文書籍（按作者字母順序排列）

Dark, William. Sara Teasdale, woman＆Poet. San Francisco:Harper ＆ Row Press,
1979.

Ruth C. Friedberg and Fisher Robin. The Selected Writings of John Duke: 1917-1984.
New York：The Scarecrow Press, Inc. 2007.

Schoen, Carol. Sara Teasdale. Boston：Twayne Publishers Press , 1986.

Saul, George Brandon. Quintet； essays on five American women poets. The Hague：
Mouton Press, 1967.

Teasdale, Sara. The collected poems of Sara Teasdale. New York：Macmillan
Press, 1946.

Villamil, Victoria Etnier. A singer’s guide to American art song, 1870-1980. New
York：The Scarecrow Press, Inc. 1993.

三、論文

Burk, Elizabeth Elaine. An examination of musico-poetic aspects of the songs of John
Duke. The University of Texas at Austin, 1988

Compton, Earl Wilson. A singer’s guide to the songs of John Duke. The University of
Rochester, Eastman School of Music, 1974

Jun, Kyong-Sook Katherine. A musical and poetic investigation of John Duke's "Six
Poems by Emily Dickinson" and "Four Poems by Emily Dickinson". University of
Washington, 2005
林珮君。《杜克 六首愛蜜麗．狄金生的詩之作品研究》。國立臺北教育大學音樂研
究所碩士論文，民國95年。

四、網路資料

I Hear America Singing. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/ihas/composer/duke.html

Poet’s Corner. http://www.theotherpages.org/poems/poem-st.html

Poemhunter.com. http://www.poemhunter.com/sara-teasdale/poems/page-4/

Everypoet.com. http://www.everypoet.com/index.htm

The Strange Victory of Sara Teasdale. http://www.wvup.edu/rphillips/marya-z.htm

Wikipedia。http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sara_Teasdale

五、樂譜

John Duke.《Songs by John Duke, Volume 1》。Southern Music Company, San Antonio,
Texas, 1985

John Duke.《Songs of John Duke for high voice and piano》。G. Schirmer, Inc., New
York.

六、有聲資料

J.A. Carpenter, Aaron Copland, Richard Cumming, John Duke, Wm. Flanagan, Ned
Rorem. A Collection of American Songs, Carole Bogard, soprano,
John Moriarty, David Del Tredici, piano.CD. Parnassus Records, 12498-0493, 2001

John Duke, Just-Spring: Art Songs of John Duke. Lauralyn Kolb, soprano, Tina Toglia,
piano. CD. New York：New World Records, 2002