研究生: |
許肅梅 Su-Mei Hsu |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
家庭因素對幼兒數學能力發展之影響 The Impact of Family Factors on Young Children's Mathematics ability |
指導教授: |
鍾志從
Jong, Jyh-Tsorng |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
人類發展與家庭學系 Department of Human Development and Family Studies |
論文出版年: | 2005 |
畢業學年度: | 93 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 116 |
中文關鍵詞: | 幼兒 、家庭因素 、社經地位 、家庭背景 、家庭環境 、親子數學活動 、直接式的數教導 、幼兒數學能力 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:455 下載:81 |
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本研究旨在瞭解四歲幼兒的數學能力、家庭環境與家庭中親子數學活動的現狀,並檢視家庭因素與幼兒數學能力發展的相關性。選擇大台北地區公立幼稚園及托兒所滿四歲未滿五歲之幼兒60人(男女各30人,其中社經地位高低各半),以一對一個別方式進行幼兒數學能力與家庭環境等資料收集。再將收集資料以SPSS 12.0統計套裝軟體,進行資料登錄與分析。除使用描述統計來瞭解幼兒數學能力發展、家庭環境和親子數學活動概況之外,並以獨立樣本t檢定與單因子變異數分析來考驗不同家庭因素各變項間的差異性,亦透過簡單迴歸、多元迴歸與徑路分析檢測家庭因素對數學能力發展的影響。研究結果如下:
一、四歲幼兒的數學能力、家庭環境、親子數學活動之現況:
(一)四歲幼兒的數學能力,大都侷限於數字10以內的操作認識,有七成以上的幼兒,能正確掌握10以內的唱數與計數;而對10以內的數字接龍與前後數字大小的判斷,則只有半數的幼兒通過;而在簡易加減計算中發現四歲幼兒尚未能理解減法的意涵。
(二)四歲幼兒的家庭普遍都能提供他們一個安全、乾淨、有利生長的環境。父母對「語言刺激」與「學習行為刺激」的提供有高度的重視,他們在處罰的態度上與過去有明顯不同,較少使用身體的懲罰,尤其是獨生子女更為明顯。小家庭的整體家庭環境明顯優於折衷家庭(以「玩具遊戲與閱讀物」的提供最為顯著),而小家庭與大家庭之整體家庭環境則無顯著差異;高社經地位的家庭,其「物理環境」比低社經地位家庭好,他們提供給幼兒的「玩具遊戲與閱讀物」,以及「多變化性刺激」亦相對地較為豐富,同時,對於幼兒在「榮耀情感與溫暖」也較低社經地位家庭重視。
(三)家庭中親子數學活動不因家庭背景的不同而有差異,其親子間數學活動頻率是較為積極的。
二、家庭因素對幼兒數學能力發展之相關分析
(一)家庭背景因素中的社經地位會影響幼兒數學能力的發展,高社經地位家庭的幼兒其數學能力較低社經地位家庭好。
(二)家庭環境提供「玩具遊戲與閱讀物」、「學習行為的刺激」愈多其幼兒數學能力表現上愈好。
(三)親子數學活動的「直接式的數教導」可以預測幼兒數學能力,在親子數活動中採用「直接式的數教導」方式對幼兒數學能力的發展助益愈大。
(四)社經地位會透過「玩具遊戲與閱讀物」與「直接式的數教導」,間接影響幼兒數學能力的發展。「玩具遊戲與閱讀物」會透過「直接式的數教導」間接影響幼兒數學能力的發展;「學習行為刺激」亦會透過「直接式的數教導」間接影響幼兒數學能力發展。
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