本研究旨在探討學生慎下斷語的科學態度建構歷程的認知機制，以瞭解
學生如何建構他們的科學態度。方法學方面，以許氏認知心理光譜分析法
的理念，採作業式晤談與開放式紙筆測驗之聯合實施，以深入探討學生建
構慎下斷語科學態度之深層結構，並結合近代測量理論之ＩＲＴ多分量表
模型的潛在類別分析，以提供更精緻的詮釋基礎。研究工具包括科學態度
量表與開放式的紙筆測驗。研究樣本包括台北市、台北縣與屏東縣國小五
、六年級學生共計706 人；接受晤談學生20 人。 在筆試與晤談資料的
對應分析結果，發現接受晤談的學生中，系統思考者都具有慎下斷語的態
度，在潛在類別分析中都屬於第三類群。捷思方式思考者，若能以日常生
活經驗為依據而做捷思者，則具有慎下斷語的態度，其潛在類別類屬於第
三類群；若缺乏證據而僅憑直覺以判斷者，則不具慎下斷語的態度，其潛
在類別類屬於第二類群。語意不清者則因思考混亂，無法建構慎下斷語的
科學態度，潛在類別分析中類屬於第一類群。研究的結果與建構主義的觀
點相呼應，學生為主動對外界訊息建構意義的認知主體。其建構慎下斷語
的歷程是對訊息的注意、知覺、思考策略、信念、及自我說服等歷程與長
期記憶體大量訊息互動的結果。

The purpose of this study is to investigate cognitive
mechanisms of constructing process of students' scientific
attitude about suspended judgment. Through a rationale of
cognitive photospectum analysis offered by Dr. Shu. To joint
task interview and opened test as a methodology, advanced to
explore deep structure of students costruct scientific attitude
about suspended judgment,and join latent classes analysis of
ploychotomous scale model of IRT. and supply a more delicate
basis of interpretation. research instrument include a
scientific attitude scale and a opened test. Total 706 samples
include Taipei and Pintung area elementary school 5 and 6 grade
student, and 20 students are chosen as interview sample. The
significant findings of the study are the students of heuristic
and systematic thinking patterns have suspended judgment
attitude, whose latent classes analysis are both belong to the
3th category. But the students who judge for lack of evidence
intuitively have no suspended judgment atttitude, and whose
latent classes analysis belong to 2nd category. The pattern of
semantic confusing students can not construct scientific
attitude about suspended judgment,whose latent classes analysis
belong to 1st category. The results are consistency with
constructivism viewpoints .The student is a cognitive organism
who can construct meaning from information outside
automatically. The processes of constructing suspended judgment
from outside information include attention, perception,
thinking strategy, belief, and self-persuasion, also are those
processes interaction with mass of information in long-term
memory.
The purpose of this study is to investigate cognitive