本研究旨在探討大曼谷地區華語文教師的工作滿意度調查與人格特質之關係。主要研究目的為下列幾項：
(1)了解大曼谷地區華語文教師工作滿意度現況為何，
(2)比較不同變項的大曼谷地區華語文教師覺知工作滿意之得分差異情形，
(3)探討大曼谷地區華語文教師工作滿意度是否受個別教師背景及個人人格特質的影響;
待有實質數據，希望能提供各級相關單位及有心人士，能在華語文師資這一重要領域裡，提供有效的管理及改進，進而提昇大曼谷地區整體的華語文教育。
本研究之樣本群體為大曼谷地區華語文教師。問卷於2007年5月底以紙本和郵件方式開始發送，一共聯絡了 265 位任教於大曼谷地區的華語文教師，但回收的有效問卷只有128分，比例約為50%。並以統計描述，t 考驗，ANOVA單因子變異數分析，Pearson皮爾遜積查相關分析等方法進行統計分析，結果獲至下列結論:
1. 不同性別的華語文教師對人格特質和工作滿意度各構面並無顯著性的差異。
2.不同國籍的華語文教師，其工作滿意度是有顯著差異。
3.不同教育程度的華語文教師，其工作滿意度是有顯著差異。
4.不同經驗年資的華語文教師，其工作滿意度是有顯著差異。
5. 不同服務單位的華語文教師，其工作滿意度是有顯著差異。
6. 大曼谷地區不同人格特質的華語文教師，其工作滿意度是有顯著差異。

This study investigates the relationships between different personal backgrounds/personality traits and job satisfaction of 128 Chinese Language Teachers in the Greater Bangkok Metropolitan Area. A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 256 Chinese Language Teachers after validation through reliability tests. Specifically, the purpose of the study is to:

(1)Understand the job satisfaction of Chinese Language Teachers in the Greater Bangkok Metropolitan Area.
(2)Compare the relationships between different personal backgrounds/characteristics and job satisfaction.
(3)Investigate whether the personality traits of Chinese Language Teachers affects job satisfaction.

Simple percentages, means, t-tests, one-way ANOVAs and Pearson Correlation tests were used for data analysis. The findings show that job satisfaction of Chinese Language Teachers in the Greater Bangkok Metropolitan Area is related to nationality, level of education, length of work experience, work environment and personality traits.

參考文獻：
一、中文部份
巴屏（2003）。(PrapinMano maivibool) 泰國華語教學現狀。曼谷：72 國家與地區漢語教學透視。http://www.fltrp.com/hydt/2003-4/2003-4-25.pdf.
李序增(1958)。人格心理學。台北:台灣書店發行。
李誠(1990)。人力資源管理的12堂課。台北：天下遠見出版股份有限公司，第二版，民國91年。
李秋燕(2000)。「台灣企業外派大陸人員人格特質、生涯發展傾向、駐外動機、駐外適應與留任意願之研究」。中壢: 國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
吳月娟(1998)。「國小資優班教師滿意度調查研究」。彰化: 國立彰化師範大學特殊教育研究所碩士論文。
吳明青(1991) 。「教育研究-基本觀念與方法分析」。台北: 五南圖書出版公司。
邱麗家(2006)。「內部稽核人員人格特質工作特性與工作滿意度關係之研究—以成就動機為中介變項」。高雄: 國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所在職專班碩士論文。
周惠玲(2003)。五大人格特質、性別角色與轉換型領導關聯性之研究。中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
信世昌等(2005)。台灣各華語中心教學環境及老師滿意度：五年來變化發展的問卷分析。中央大學。2005年台灣華語文教學研討會論文集。
洪睿萍(2001)。「壽險業務員人格特質、工作價值觀與工作滿意度之相關研究」。高雄: 國立高雄師範大學工業科技教育學系碩士論文。
秦夢群(1999）。教育行政－理論部份。台北: 五南圖書出版公司。
許雅棣(2001)。「主管領型態、員工人格特質、組織激勵制度與員工工作績效之相關研究－以保險業為例」。花蓮: 東華大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
許瑞芳(2001)。「國小啟聰班教師工作滿意度調查研究」。彰化: 國立彰化師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。
莊榮霖(1999)。「國中教職員工作滿足與組織承諾之研究」。台北: 國立政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。
郭盈卿(1999)。「空服員之工作壓力、工作滿意、休閒滿意與工作倦怠之相關之研究」。高雄: 國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
郭欣易(2000)。「人格特質與激勵偏好、工作態度、工作表現之相關性研究」。台北: 世新大學觀光事業研究所碩士論文。
張家振(1994)。「銀行從業人員人口統計特徵及人格特質工作滿意度之影響-公營銀行與私營銀行之比較」。台北: 中興大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
張春興(1998)。心理學。台北:東華書局。
張春興(1992)。現代心理學。台北:東華書局。
張潤書(1990)。組織行為與管理。台北:五南圖書出版公司。
張舒涵(2003)。「大學院校約聘人員人格特質工作滿意度及離職傾向之究」。高雄: 國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
張雨青(19997)。中國兒童人格結構及其發展的研究-基於父母知覺的描述北京:北京大學心理學研究所博士論文(未出版)。
張起華(2001)。「資訊人員的工作特性、創造力人格特質與工作滿足之相性研究」。中壢: 國立中央大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
黃國慶(1997)。「臺北地區國民中學生活教育組長個人屬性、人格特質與工作滿意度之研究」。台北: 國立台灣師範大學公民訓育研究所碩士論文。
黃麗華(1996)。「大學職員工作滿足之研究—以某國立大學為例」。高雄: 國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
梁茂森(2001)。「高級職業學校教師教學成敗歸因及其相關因素之研究」。台北: 國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文。
葉德明(1996)。華與對外交學之現在與未來。台北:國際文教交流國際研討會論文集。
葉重新(1998)。心理學。台北:心理出版社。
楊益民(2001)。「國民小學教師工作滿意度量表設計」。高雄: 國立台南師範學院教育研究所碩士論文。
楊國樞(1993)。中國人的新力與行為: 理念與方法篇。台北:桂冠圖書公司。
廖家玲(2002)。「員工人格特質、金錢態度與工作績效及離職行為之探索性研究」。台北: 長庚大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
蔡欣嵐(2001)。「工作特性、人格特質與工作滿意度之關係-以半導體業為例」。中壢: 國立中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
薛婉婷(1997)。「人格特質與工作特性之契合對工作滿足與組織承諾之影響」。中壢: 國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
鍾燕宜(1986)。「我國工作滿足研究的整合分析」。台中: 東海大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
顏耀南(2002)。「教師職業倦怠相關變項之後設分析研究」。高雄: 國立中正大學教育研究所碩士論文。

二、英文部份
Adams, J. S. (1963). Toward an understanding of inequity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, 422-436.
Agho, A. O., Mueller, C. W. & Price, J. L.(1993). Determinant of employee job satisfaction. Human Relations, 46, 1007-1027.
Alderfer, C. P. (1972). Existence Relatedness and Growth Need in Organizational Setting. New Yorker: the free press.
Allport, G.W., & Odbert, H.S. (1936). Trait names: a psycho-lexical study. Psychological Monographs, 47, 211.
Allport, G.W. (1937). Personality: A Psychological Interpretation. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Allport, G.W. (1961). Pattern and Growth in Personality. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Arvey, R. & Dewhirst, H. D.(1976). Relationships between goal clarity, participation in goal setting, and personality characteristics on job satisfaction in scientific organization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 61, 721-727.
Atkinson, J. W. (1964). An Introduction to Motivation. Princeton, N. J.: Van Nostrand.
Barrick, M. R. & Mount, M. K. (1991). The big five personality dimensions and job performance: a meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 44, 1-26.
Berger, Jerry M. (2003). Personality (4th ed.) CA: Brooks and Cole Publishing Company.
Blood, M. R., & Hulin, C. L. (1967). Alienation, environmental characteristics, and worker responses. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1967, 51, 284-290
Blue, L. B. (2000). The Relationship between Personality Traits and Influence Strategies: A Comparason of College Business Students and Business Professionals. (Doctoral Dissertation, The Union Institute) DAI-A60/10, 3713.
Bond, M. H., Nakazato, H. S., & Shiraishi, D., (1975). Universality and distinctiveness in dimensions of Japanese person perception. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 6, 346-355.
Bonoma, T.V., Zaltman, G., Johnston, W.J. (1977), Industrial buying behavior, Report No. 77-117, Marketing Science Institute, Cambridge.
Bonoma, T.V., Johnston, W.J. (1978), The social psychology of industrial buying and selling, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 17 pp.213-24.
Bonoma, T.V., Bagozzi, R.P., Zaltman, G. (1978), The dyadic paradigm with specific application toward industrial marketing, in Bonoma, T.V., Zaltman, G. (Eds),Organizational Buying Behavior, American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, pp.49-66.
Bowen, M. (1994). Interpreting studies and the history of the profession. Teaching Translation and Interpretation 2: Insights, Aims, Visions. Comp. C. Dollerup and A. Lindegaard. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Brief, A. P., Butcher, A. H. & Roberson, L.(1995). Cookies, disposition and job attitudes: The effects of positive mood inducing events and negative affectivity on job satisfaction in a field experiment. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 62, 55-62.
Carver, C. S. & Scheier, M. F. (2000). Perspectives on Personality. (4th ed.) 4-5. Boston: Allyn and Bacon
Cattell, R.B. (1965). The scientific analysis of personality, Baltimore, MD: Penguin
Chen, P. Y. & Spector, P. E.(1991). Negative affectability as the underlying cause of correlation between stressors and strains. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 398-407.
Conley, J. J. (1985). Longitudinal stability of personality traits: A multitrait-multimethod-multioccasion analysis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 49, 1266-1282.
Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R.T. R. (1990) Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Personality Disorders, 4, 362-371.
Costa, P. T., McCrae, R. R.& Dye, D. A.(1991) Facet scales for agreeableness and conscientiousness: A revision of the NEO personality inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 887-898.
Cropanzano, R., James, K. & Konovsky, M. A.(1993) Dispositional affectivity as a predictor of work attitudes and job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 595-608.
DeNeve, K. M. & Cooper, H. (1998) The happy personality: A meta-Analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 197-229
Digman, J. M. & Takemoto-Choke N. K. (1981). Factors in the natural languages of personality: Re-Analysis, comparison and interpretation of six major studies. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 16, 149-170.
Digman, J. M. (1990). Personality structure: emergence of the Five Factor Model. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 417-440.
Digman, J. M., & Inouye, J. (1986). Further specifications of the five robust factors of personality. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 50, 116-123.
Digman, J. M., (1996). The curious history of the Five-Factor Model. The Five-Factor Model of Personality. New York: The Guildford Press.
Dyer, L., Theriault, R. (1976), The determinants of pay satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol, 61 pp. 596-604
Farrell D.J. (1978) A casual model of job satisfaction, Dissertation Abstracts International, Vol.1, 4399-A.
Fisher, V. E. & Hanna, J. V.(1931). The Dissatisfied Worker. New York: Macmillan.
Fiske, D. W. (1949). Consistency of the factorial structures of personality ratings from different sources. Journal of Abnormal Social Psychology, 44, 329-344.
Fournet, G. P.,;Eistefano, M. K. Jr. & Pryer, M. W. (1966) Job Satisfaction Issues and Problem. Personnel Psychology, 19, 165-183.
Furnam, A.& Zacherl, M.(1986). Personality and job satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 7, 453-459.
Getzels, J. W., Lipham, J. M. & Campbell, R. F. (1968). Educational Administration as a Social Process: Theory, Research, Process. New Yorker: Harper & Row.
Glisson, C.& Durick, M.(1988). Predictors of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in human service organizations. Administrative Quarterly, 33, 61-81.
Goldberg, L. R. & Digman, J. M. (1994). Revealing structure in the data: Principles of exploratory factor analysis. In S. Strack & M. Lorr (Eds.), Differentiating Abnormal and Normal Personality (216-242). New York: Springer.
Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative description of personality: the Big Five Factor Structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 1216-1229.
Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychology, 48, 26-34.
Goldenson, Robert M. (1970). Autism (autistic thinking). In The encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 1, pp. 135). Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc.
Guilford, T. P. (1959). Personality. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hackman, J. R. & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the job diagnostic survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 161.
Hanson, E. M. (1991). Educational Administration and Organizational Behavior. Massachusetts: Allyn & Bacon.
Hellriegel & J. Slocum (1979), Organizational Climate: Measures, Research and Contingencies, Academy of Management Journal, 1974, 17, 255-280.
Herzberg, F., Mansner, B. & Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work. N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2nd Ed. 136-142.
Hjelle, L. A. & Ziegler, D. J. (1992). Personality Theories: Basic Assumptions, Research, and Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hoppock, R. (1935). Job Satisfaction. New Yorker: Harper.
House, R., Mitchell, T. (1974), "A path-goal theory of leadership", Journal of Contemporary Business, Vol. 3 pp.81-97.
Howard, P. J. & Howard, J. M. (1995). The Big Five Quick start: An Introduction to the Five-Factor Model of Personality for Human Resource Professionals. Center for Applied Cognitive Studies, Charlotte, NC. (ERIC Document Reproduction No. ED384754)
Hulin, C. L. (1971) Individual differences and job enrichment: The case against general treatment. In J. Maher (Ed.), New perspectives in job enrichment: 159-191. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
Judge, T. A. & Locke, E. A.(1993) Effect of dysfunctional thought processes on subjective well-being and job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 475-490.
Judge, T. A & Cable, D. M. (1997) Applicant personality organizational culture and organizational attraction, Personnel Psychology, vol. 50, no. 2, pp 359-94.
Judge, T. A., Higgins, C. A., Thoresen, C. J. & Barrick, M. R. (1999). The big five personal traits, general mental ability, and career success in the life span. Personnel Psychology, 2(3), 621-652.
Judge, T. A., Locke, E. A. & Durham, C. C. (1998). Dispositional effects on job and life satisfaction: The role of core evaluations. Journal of applied Psychology, 83, 17-34.
Judge, T. A., Heller, D., & Mount, M. K. (2002). Five-Factor model of personality and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 530-541
Kalleberg, A. L. (1977). Work Values and Job Rewards: A Theory of Job Satisfaction. American Sociological Review, 42, 124-143.
Kirshenberg, S. 1997. Independent contractor or regular employee? Training & Development, 51(4), 48-49.
Lewin, K. (1953). A Dynamic Theory of Personality. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Locke, E. A. (1969). What is job satisfaction? Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4, 309-336.
Locke, E. A. (1973). Satisfactory and Dissatisfactory among White Collar and Blue Collar Employees. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 22, pp. 56-75
Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M. D. Dunette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Skokie, IL: Rand McNally.
Lu, L.(1999). Work motivation, job stress, and employees' well-being. Journal of Applied Management studies, 8(1), 61-73.
Marquez, Alex and Marta. (1987). The New Interpreters Handbook: A Step-by-Step Guide to Becoming a Professional Interpreter. Anaheim: Iberia Language Press.
Maslow, A. H., (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper & Brothers Pub. 146-150.
McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achieving Society. Princeton N. J.: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
McCrae, R. R. & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1985). Updating Norman's “adequate taxonomy”: Intelligence and personality dimensions in natural language and in questionnaires. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 49, 710-721.
McCrae, R. R. & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 52, 81-90.
McCrae, R. R. & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1989). The structures of interpersonal traits: Wiggins’s circumflex and the five-factor model. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 56, 586-595.
McCrae, R. R. & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1990). Personality in Adulthood. New York: The Guilford Press.
McCare, R. R., Costa, P. T., & Yik, M. S. (1996). Universal aspect of Chinese structure. In M. Bond (Ed.). The handbook of Chinese psychology (pp. 189-207) Hong Kong: Oxford University Press.
Mirvis, P. H. & Lawler, E. E. (1977). Measuring the financial impact of employee attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62, 1-8.
Morrison, K. A.(1996). An empirical test of a model of franchises job satisfaction. Journal of Small Business Management, 70, 552-566.
Newman, J. E (1975). Understanding the organizational structure-job-attitude relationship through perceptions of the work environment. Organizational Behavior and Human Performances, 14(3), 371.
Noller, P., Law, H., & Comrey, A. L. (1987). Cattell, Comrey, and Eysenck personality factors compared: More evidence for the five robust factors? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 775-782.
Norman, W. T. & Goldberg, L. R. (1966). Raters, rates, and randomness in personality structure. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 4, 681-691.
Norman, W. T. (1963). Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: Replicated factor structure in peer nomination personality ratings. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 66, 574-583.
Pervin, L. A. (1980). Personality: Theory, Assessment, and Research. (3rd ed.) N.Y:John Wiley & Sons.
Pervin, L. A. (1993). Personality: Theory and Research. (6th ed.) New York: John Wily & Sons.
Porter, L. W. (1961). A study of perceived need satisfaction in bottom and middle management jobs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 45, 1-10..
Porter, L.W.(1962). Job attitudes in management: Perceived deficiencies in need fulfillment as a function of job level. Journal of applied Psychology, 46, 375-384.
Porter, L. W. & Lawler, E. E. (1968). Managerial Attitudes & Performance. Homewood: Dorsey Press.
Porter L. W. and Steer R. M. (1973).Organizational, Work and Personal Factors in Employee Turnover and Absenteeism. Psychological Bulletin. 80. 151-176.
Raymark, P. H., Schmit, M. J.&Guion, R. M.(1997). Identifying potentially useful personality constructs for employee selection . Personnel Psychology, 50, 723-736.
Renfer, C. (1991). Translator and interpreter training: A case of a two-tier system. Teaching Translation and Interpreting: Training, Talent, and Exercise. Ed. Dollerup C. and Loddegaard A. A,sterdam: Benjamins.
Robbins, S. P. (1983). Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Prince-Hall Inc.
Robbins, S. P. (1991). Organizational Behavior, 5th ed. N. J.:Prentice Hall.
Roethlisberger, F. J. & Dickson, W. J. (1939). Management and the Workers. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard Universe. Press.
Schneider, Beniamin & Alderfer, C. P. (1973). Three studies of needs satisfaction in organization. Administrative Science Quarterly, 18, 489-505.
Scott W. G. & Mitchell T.R. (1972., Organization's theory: A Structural and Behavioral Analysis. Homewood, Illinois: Irwin.
Seashore, S. E. & Taber, T. D. (1975). Job satisfaction and their correlations. American Behavior & Scientists, 18, 346.
Seleskovitch, D. (1978). Interpreting for International Conferences: Problems of Language and Communication. Washington DC: Pen & Booth.
Skinners, B. F.(1971). Beyond Freedom and Dignity. New York: Fred A. Knopf, Inc.
Smith, C. A., Organ, D. W.& Near, J. P.(1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: It's nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68, 653-663.
Smith, P. C., Kendall, L. & Hulin, C. L. (1969). The Measurement of Satisfaction of Work and Retirement. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Smith, P.C.(1955). The prediction of individual differences in susceptibility to industrial monotony. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 322-329.
Spector, P.E. (1982), Behavior in Organizations as a Function of Employee’s Locus of Control. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 482-497.
Spector, P.E. (1982), Interaction effects of perceived control and job stressors’ on affective reactions and health outcomes for clerical workers. Work & Stress, 1, 155.
Staw, B. M. & Ross, J.(1985) Stability in the midst of change: A dispositional approach to job attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70, 469-480.
Staw, B. M., Bell, N. E. & Ross, J.(1985). The dispositional approach to job attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70, 469-480.
Steers, R.M., and Black, J.S. (1994). Organizational behavior 5th edition. New York: Harper-Collins College Publishers.
Tokar, D. M.& Subich, L. M.(1997). Relative contributions of congruence and personality dimensions to job satisfaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50, 482-491.
Tupes, E. C. & Christal, R. E. (1961) Recurrent personality factors based on trait ratings (ASD-TR-61-97). Lackland Air Force Base, TX: Aeronautical Systems Division, Personnel Laboratory.
Tupes, E. C. (1957). Personality traits related to effectiveness of junior and senior Air Force officers (USAF Personnel Training Research, No. 57-125). Lackland Airforce Base, TX: Aeronautical System Division, Personnel Laboratory.
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and Motivation. New Yorker: Wiley.
Wanous, J. P. & Lawler, E. E. (1972). Measurement and meaning of job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 56, 95.
Watson, D. (1989). Strangers' ratings of the five robust personality factors: Evidence of a surprising convergence with self report. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 120-128.
Watson, G., Clark, L. A., & Harkness, A. R. (1994). Structure of personality and their relevance to psychology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 18-31.
Watson, P. T. & Clark L. A.(1992). On traits and temperament: General and specific factors of emotional experience and their relation to the five factor model. Journal of Personality, 60, 441-475.
Watson, P. T.& Clark, L. A.(1997) Extraversion and its positive emotional core. Handbook of Personality Psychology. Santiago, CA: Academic Press 767-793.
Weitz, J.(1952). A neglected concept in the study of job satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 5, 201-205.
Weiss, D.J., Dawis, R.V., England, G.W. and Lofquist, L.H., (1967), Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, Minnesota Studies In Vocational Rehabilitation: XXII, Industrial Relations Center, Bulletin 45, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Wernimont (1972), A system view of job satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 56, p174.
Wolfe, M.N. (1996). That’s not an employee, that’s an independent contractor. Compensation & Benefits Review, 28(4), 60-64.
Woodman, R. W., Sawyer, J. E.& Griffin, R. W.(1993). Toward a theory of organizational creativity. Academy of Management Review, 18, 293-321.
Yang, K. S. & Bond, M. H. (1985). Dimensions of Chinese person perception: Anemic approach. In C. Chiao (Ed.), Proceedings of the conference on modernization and Chinese culture (309-325), Hong Kong: Institute of Social Studies, Chinese University of Hong Kong. (In Chinese)
Yang, K. S. & Bond, M. H. (1990). Exploring implicit personality theories with indigenous or imported constructs: the Chinese case. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 58, 1087-1095.34.
Zimbardo, P.G. (1990), Shyness: What it Is. What to Do about it. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, pp.216-19.
http://www.ettoday.com/2007/02/24/334-2058170.htm