籃球投籃行動的知覺方式與距離效應
研 究 生：陳淑惠
指導教授：卓俊伶博士
日 期：2003年6月
摘 要
在探討個體知覺與行動的文獻中，主要可分成傳統間接知覺與行動觀點以及生態心理學直接知覺與行動觀點。本研究的問題是：（1）不同知覺方式的投籃得分在距離限制下是否有差異？（2）投籃動作型式的選擇與不同知覺方式和不同距離限制關聯性為何？（3）在距離限制下不同知覺方式的投籃動作型式是否有差異？以20位高中女生為實驗參與者，平均年齡為17.4 ± 0.5歲，實驗期間每位實驗參與者皆需在六個不同距離（1.8、3.8、5.8、7.8、9.8、及11.8公尺）進行間接與直接知覺方式的投籃行動。間接知覺方式為實驗參與者在各個投籃距離下，選擇投籃動作型式圖片與知覺投籃得分為其行動結果；直接知覺方式為實驗參與者，在各個投籃距離下的實際投籃動作型式影片，經因素分析法給予之評分以及投籃得分為其行動結果，經相依樣本二因子變異數分析2（知覺方式）×6（投籃距離）、c2多重列聯表、G2統計法、以及χ2百分比同質性進行考驗結果發現：（1）不同知覺方式的投籃得分除了在1.8公尺距離無差異外，其餘各距離限制下有差異（3.8、5.8、7.8、9.8、及11.8公尺）；（2）投籃動作型式的選擇與不同知覺方式和不同距離限制有關聯；（3）在不同投籃距離下間接知覺與直接知覺方式，除了在距離1.8、3.8、5.8、7.8、以及11.8公尺之投籃動作；距離5.8與11.8公尺之軀幹動作；距離11.8公尺之腳部動作無差異外，其餘在六個投籃距離下間接知覺與直接知覺之投籃各動作型式皆有差異。
關鍵詞：間接知覺與行動、直接知覺與行動、投籃型式

Effects of Perceptual Modality and Distance on Basketball Shooting Action
Master’s Thesis, 2003 Shu-hui Chen
Advisor: Junling Jwo, Ph.D.
Abstract
Traditional view of indirect perception and action and ecological psychology view of direct perception and action were found research literatures of individual’s perception and action. Research questions in this study were: (1) Were there difference in shooting scores between the two different perceptual modalities under distance constrains? (2) What was the association among the shooting patterns, the perceptual modality, and the distance constraint? (3) Were there difference in shooting patterns between the two perceptual modalities under distance constrains? Twenty high school female students (mean age = 17.4 ± 0.5 yrs.) served as participants. The experimental task was to shoot basketball for 10 times from six different distances (1.8, 3.8, 5.8, 7.8, 9.8, and 11.8 meters away from baseline) through the two different perceptual modalities. Shooting performance was filmed and analyzed by using component approach and scoring system. Tow way repeated measure ANOVA with 2 (perceptual modality) ´ 6 (shooting distances), c2 multiple contingency table, G2 test, c2 test for homogeneity were administered for analyses. The finding were as follows: (1) There were differences in shooting scores between indirect and direct perceptual modalities under distance constrains except for the 1.8 meter away from baseline. (2) There was association among shooting patterns, perceptual modalities, and distances constraints. (3) There were differences in shooting patterns between indirect and direct perceptual modalities under six distance constrains except for the shooting patterns under 1.8, 3.8, 5.8, 7.8, and 11.8 meters away from baseline; trunk under 5.8 and 11.8 meters away from baseline; feet under 11.8 meters away from baseline.
Keywords: indirect perception and action, direct perception and action, shooting patterns.

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