簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示
| 研究生： |
唐瑞顯 |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
優秀游泳選手捷泳出發動作之運動學分析 Kinematic analysis of freestyle start of elith swimmers |
| 指導教授： |
黃長福
Huang, Chen-Fu |
| 學位類別： |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱： |
體育學系 Department of Physical Education |
| 論文出版年： | 2000 |
| 畢業學年度： | 88 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 51 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 生物力學 、運動學 、游泳 、出發 |
| 英文關鍵詞： | Biomechanics, Kinematics, Swimming, Freestyle |
| 論文種類： | 學術論文 |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：1630 下載：42 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究的主要目的在了解優秀游泳選手捷泳出發動作實施上的特質，並找出影響出發動作之重要參數。受試者是6名國立台灣師範大學甲組游泳代表隊，平均年齡為21.5±0.89歲，身高為174.3±1.90公分、體重為69.2±7.61公斤。使用兩部高速攝影機、一部JVC攝影機以及Peak Motus影像分析系統對選手出發動作進行運動學上的分析。本研究使用SPSS 8.0 for WINDOWS統計軟體，以皮爾遜積差相關法比較重要參數與出發表現之相關程度。研究結果受試者的反應時間為0.21±0.02秒，動作時間為0.54±0.04秒，出發時間為7.21±0.51秒，入水距離為3.49±0.24公尺，起跳水平速度為4.33±0.22秒。
經研究後得到以下結論：
（一） 出發表現、滯空時間、起跳水平速度以及起跳角度都與動作時間達到顯著負相關，而入水距離、滯空時間、起跳衝量以及起跳角度都與跳板距離達顯著負相關。
（二）出發表現與起跳水平速度、出發表現與起跳合速度、動作時間與跳板距離以及起跳衝量與起跳水平速度分別達到顯著正相關。
（三）受試者增加起跳水平速度、起跳合速度以及起跳衝量的，縮短動作時間以及跳板距離，才能有較佳的出發表現。
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to analyze the start of elite swimmers and to find out important parameters influencing swimming start performance. Six trained college swimmers from National Taiwan Normal University swimming team participated in this study. Two Peak cameras and a JVC camera were positioned perpendicularly to the movement direction to collect the data. The video data were digitized and calculated with Peak Performance Motus system.
The results were as follow: the reaction time was 0.21± 0.02 sec; action time was 0.54±0.04 sec; start time was 7.21±0.51 sec; enter distance was 3.49±0.24 meters; takeoff horizontal velocity was 4.31±0.22 m/s; and the conclusions were: 1. Start performance、flight time、takeoff horizontal velocity and takeoff angle were negatively related with action time ; and the enter distance、flight time、takeoff impulse and takeoff angle were negatively correlated with board distance. 2. There were significantly positive correlations between start performance and takeoff horizontal velocity、 start performance and takeoff resultant velocity、action time and board distance、takeoff impulse and takeoff horizontal velocity.
It was suggested that the swimmers should increase the takeoff horizontal velocity、takeoff resultant velocity and takeoff impulse, and decrease the action time and board distance in order to improve the start performance.
Key words：、
Antonio C. S. Guimaraes, James G. Hay (1985), A Mechanical Analysis of the Grab Starting Technique in Swimming. International Journal Of Sport Biomechanics, 1985 1, 25-35.
Betty J. Vickers, and William Vincent (1989). Swimming. 69-73. Wm. C. Brown Publishers Dubuque, Iowa.
David A. Wintre（1990）. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. A Wiley-Interscience Publication.
Douglas W. Gamrel, Daniel Blanke, Kay Thigpen, and Morris B. Mellion (1991). A Biomechanical Comparison of Two Relay Starts in Swimming. Journal of Swimming Research. Vol. 7,No. 2, 1991,5-9.
Ernest W. Maglischo (1993). Swimming Faster: A Comprehensive Guide to the Science of Swimming. Mayfield Publishing Company.
Gail Shierman (1979). The Grab and Conventional Swimming Starts: A Force Analysis. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 19（2）, 1979,171-180.
Heusner, E.S. (1967). The grab start. Swimming World 8:5 and 42.
James E. Counsilman (1977). Competitive Swimming Manual for Coaches and Swimmers. 210-215. Counsilman Co., Inc. Bloomington, Indiana.
James G, Hay (1987). Swimming Biomechanics: A Brief Review. Swimming Technique, 1986, 15-21.
John A. Miller, James G. Hay, and Barry D. Wilson (1984). Starting Techniques of Elite Swimmers. Journal of Sports Science, 1984,2,213-223.
K. Wilke, Deutsche Sporthochschule Koln（1992）. Analysis of sprint swimming: the 50m freestyle.Biomechanics and medicine in swimming Ⅵ.
M. Tim Gallivan and T. Blaine Hoshizaki (1987). Amathematical Model of A Swimming Start Entry. Biomechanics X-B, Campaign Ⅲ, Human Kinetics Publisher, C 1987, 767-772.
R.C. nelson and N.L. Pike (1978). Analysis and Comparison of Swimming Starts and Strokes.In Eriksson, B. and Furbeg, B.(ed), Swimming Medicine Ⅳ, Baltimore, Md, Uvervity Park Press, 1978, p347-360.
Richard Groves and John A. Roberts (1970). A Further Investigation of the Optimum Angle of Projection for Racing Start in Swimming. The Research Quarterly, Vol. 43,No. 2, 167-174.
Roffer, B. J. (1971). A comparison of the grab start and conventional racing starts in swimming. Unpublished masters thesis, Pennsylvania State University.
Thomsen, E. A. (1975). Comparison of the conventional and grab starts in crawl swimming. Tidsskrift for Legemsovelser.
V. M. Zatsiorsky, N. Zh. Bulgakova, and N. M. Chaplinsky (1975). Biomechanical Analysis of Starting Technique In Swimming.
沈文益（1993），體育愛好者叢書：游泳。105-117。人民體育出版社。
許樹淵（1976），人體運動力學。583-643。協進圖書有限公司。
武育勇（1998），游泳論。158-177。啟英文化。
林清和（1996），運動學習程式學。241-248。文史哲出版社。
朱經明（1990），教育統計學。80-148。五南圖書出版公司。