目的: 本研究目的在探討下坡跑運動後增補支鏈胺基酸與支鏈胺基酸+碳水化合物對運動後胰島素、睪固酮、皮質醇、尿素氮、肌酸酐與肌酸激酶的影響，並進一步評估對肌肉最大自主等長收縮肌力的影響。方法: 本研究將 24 名受試者 (身高 179.00 ± 7.83 公分; 體重 75.97 ± 10.96 公斤; 年齡 21.88 ± 2.07 歲; 最大攝氧量 53.08 ± 6.74 毫升/公斤/分鐘) 依據最大攝氧量數值，以平衡次序法分成三組: 支鏈胺基酸組 (BCAA 組)、支鏈胺基酸+碳水化合物組 (BCAA+CHO 組) 與安慰劑組 (PLA 組)。在進行 30 分鐘 70% VO2max 之下坡跑運動 (-15%) 前一天 (Pre 24 hr) 以及運動後兩天，受試者需接受膝伸肌群之最大自主等長收縮肌力測量。在各組實驗中，支鏈胺基酸與碳水化合物之攝取量分別為每次每公斤體重 232.50 mg 與 464.00 mg，且均於運動後第 15 分鐘與運動後第 24 小時 (測驗採血後) 進行增補。採血點: 運動前立即、運動後立即、運動後第 45、60 分鐘、24 與 48 小時 (Pre、Post 0、Post 45 min、Post 60 min、Post 24 hr 與 Post 48 hr)。結果: 在運動後第 24 小時，各組之最大自主等長收縮肌力皆顯著下降 (21-22%); 在運動後第 48 小時，BCAA 組之最大自主等長收縮肌力顯著高於 BCAA+CHO 與安慰劑組數值 (p< .05); 在運動後第 45 分鐘，BCAA 組之睪固酮/皮質醇比值顯著高於 BCAA+CHO 與安慰劑組; 在運動後第 45 分鐘， BCAA+CHO 組之胰島素濃度顯著高於 BCAA 與安慰劑組數值，但是其睪固酮/皮質醇比值卻顯著下降並且低於其他兩組; 比較運動後第 48 與 24 小時之 CK 差值 (ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr))，BCAA+CHO 組之降低幅度 (-36%) 顯著低於安慰劑組 (-13%) 並且與 BAAA 組 (-30%) 相似。結論: 30 分鐘 70% VO2max 之下坡跑運動誘發肌肉損傷後增補支鏈胺基酸可顯著提升運動後第 45 分鐘之睪固酮/皮質醇比值，更進一步顯著提升運動後第 48 小時之最大自主等長收縮肌力; 額外增補碳水化合物反而使睪固酮/皮質醇比值下降，對肌力產生些許恢復作用; 增補支鏈胺基酸+碳水化合物可使受試者之 ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) 顯著低於安慰劑組，有利於降低升高的 CK 數值。

Purpose: This study was designed to examine insulin, testosterone, cortisol, urea nitrogen, creatinine, creatine kinase and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), following downhill running, with ingestion of either branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) alone or a BCAA-CHO mixture. Methods: According to VO2max, twenty four subjects (height 179.00 ± 7.83 cm; weight 75.97 ± 10.96 kg; age 21.88 ± 2.07 years; VO2max 53.08 ± 6.74 ml/kg/min) were voluntary to participate in this study and randomly assigned to three groups: BCAA (232.50 mg．kg-1．day-1, n=8), BCAA+CHO (232.50 mg．kg-1．day-1 BCAA plus 464.00 mg．kg-1．day-1 CHO, n=8), and PLA (232.50 mg．kg-1．day-1 placebo, n=8). Doses were provided 15 min and 24 hr post exercise. Before (Pre 24 hr) and after a 30-min downhill running (-15%) at 70% VO2max, MVIC for knee extensors were measured. Blood was sampled immediately prior exercise (Pre) and 0, 45, 60 min, 24, 48 hr after exercise (Post 0, Post 45 min, Post 60 min, Post 24 hr and Post 48 hr) to determinate the indices of muscle protein metabolism and muscle damage. Results: At Post 24 hr, MVIC was significantly reduced by 21-22% relative to baseline for all experimental groups. At Post 48 hr, the BCAA group’s MVIC was significantly higher than that of the other two groups (p< .05). At Post 45 min, the BCAA group experienced a significant increase in testosterone/cortisol ratio compared to the other two groups. At Post 45 min, the BCAA+CHO group experienced a significant increase in insulin compared to that of the BCAA and PLA groups, but it’s testosterone/cortisol ratio was lower than the PLA group’s value. The BCAA+CHO group’s ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) value was significantly lower than that of the PLA group (-36% vs -13%), but was similar to that of the BCAA group (-30%). Conclusion: After a 30-min downhill running (-15%) at 70% VO2max, these results indicate that BCAA supplementation could significantly increase testosterone/cortisol ratio at Post 45 min and accelerated recovery of subjects’ MVIC at Post 48 hr. Supplementation of BCAA+CHO had no effects on testosterone/cortisol ratio and MVIC. Co-ingestion of BCAA and CHO could significantly decrease subjects’ ΔCK (Post 48 hr-Post 24 hr) value lower than that of the PLA group.

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