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研究生: 陳勁榮
Chen, Jing-Rong
論文名稱: 兩輪移動平台影像追蹤控制與實現
Image Tracking Control and Implementation of Two-wheeled Mobile Platforms
指導教授: 呂藝光
Leu, Yih-Guang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 79
中文關鍵詞: PID控制非線性系統人臉辨識
英文關鍵詞: PID control, Face recognition, Nonlinear system
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DEE.013.2018.E08
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:120下載:5
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  • 本論文自行設計及實現一個兩輪移動平台,其主要架構包含馬達、驅動電路、改變重心的機械結構、避障感測器以及人臉追蹤系統。由於兩輪系統具有時變及高度非線性的特性,因此我們採用比例、積分及微分控制器(Proportional-Integral-Derivative,PID)進行對兩輪移動平台整體的控制,並以機械結構的重心改變使兩輪移動平台前進或後退。
    人臉追蹤系統透過平板電腦所收取的影像進行追蹤,並且透過超音波感測器搭配模糊控制作為避障的依據。
    針對兩輪移動平台,進行自主平衡、自主移動、人臉追蹤以及避障等實驗,實驗結果顯示本論文所設計的兩輪移動平台確實可行。

    This thesis designs and implements a self-made two-wheeled mobile platform. The structure of the self-made two-wheeled mobile platform includes the motors and their drive circuits, the mechanism of the change of the center of gravity, obstacle avoidance sensors, and face following module. Because of the time-varying and highly non-linear characteristics of two-wheeled systems, the self-made two-wheeled mobile platform uses the mechanism of the change of the center of gravity to make it move forward or backward, and utilizes the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) to control its balance. The face following modules uses a tablet computer with an image sensor and an image processing to perform face recognition and find a tracking direction. The ultrasonic sensors are combined with the fuzzy control to acquire obstacle avoidance.
    Some experiments are performed to verify the self-made two-wheeled mobile platform, such as autonomous balance, the movement, face tracking, obstacle avoidance and so forth.

    目 錄 中文摘要 i 英文摘要 ii 誌  謝 iii 表 目 錄 vi 圖 目 錄 vii 第一章  緒論 1 1.1 研究動機與背景 1 1.2 研究目的 3 1.3 研究方法 3 1.4 論文架構 4 第二章  文獻探討與回顧 5 2.1 兩輪平衡系統之演進 5 2.2 兩輪移動平台之動態方程式 7 2.3 兩輪移動裝置克服斜坡控制的技術探討 9 2.4 兩輪移動裝置運動學方程式 14 2.5 兩輪移動平台控制 17 第三章  兩輪移動平台影像追蹤控制與實現 19 3.1 兩輪移動平台系統架構 20 3.2 兩輪移動平台硬體架構電路圖 21 3.3 兩輪移動平台硬體設備 24 3.4 兩輪移動平台軟體架構 37 3.5 手機APP藍芽連接 45 3.6 人臉識別追蹤 46 3.7 超音波避障 49 3.8 整體實驗功能流程 54 第四章  實驗結果與討論 56 4.1 實驗功能介紹 56 4.2 各項實驗結果 58 第五章  結論 74 5.1 結論 74 5.2 未來展望 74 參 考 文 獻 75 自 傳 78 學 術 成 就 79

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