研究生: |
盧美蒨 Lu, Mei-Chian |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
ChatGPT 作為工作聯盟:心理賦能與自我效能的增進 ChatGPT as Working Alliance : Enhancing Psychological Empowerment and Self-Efficacy |
指導教授: |
張晏榕
Chang, Yen-Jung |
口試委員: |
張晏榕
Chang, Yen-Jung 游易霖 Yu, Yi-Lin 王慧婷 Wang, Hui-Ting |
口試日期: | 2024/07/12 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
圖文傳播學系碩士在職專班 Department of Graphic Arts and Communications_Continuing Education Master's Program of Graphic Arts and Communications |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 115 |
中文關鍵詞: | ChatGPT 、心理賦能 、自我效能 、工作聯盟 |
英文關鍵詞: | ChatGPT, Psychological Empowerment, Self-efficacy, Working Alliance |
研究方法: | 個案研究法 、 深度訪談法 、 半結構式訪談法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202401338 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:174 下載:9 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
ChatGPT是新興的技術與工具,深入或大規模的研究尚稱稀少;相關話題熱度雖居高不下,但多半聚焦於工具性,往往忽略ChatGPT具備深聊能力,是不折不扣的「聊天機器人」。基此,本研究旨在探查ChatGPT對心靈健康的促進潛力,請6位受試者設定長期目標,使用ChatGPT作為任務輔助工具一個月;再透過深度訪談、量表評分及統計檢定討論其在提升心理賦能與自我效能方面扮演的角色。統計檢定顯示,ChatGPT介入後,用戶的心理賦能及自我效能確有顯著提升;比對訪談內容,發現ChatGPT能鼓舞用戶,使其建立信心。搭配專案回報機制,可增加用戶的動力、耐心、自律、執行力、掌控感與後設認知。與ChatGPT的良好對話可緩解負面情緒,提升心理賦能。此外, 心理賦能及自我效能增進效益,受用戶「與ChatGPT的情感連結度」、「認可ChatGPT的能力」及「認真執行計畫」三面向的程度影響。
ChatGPT is an emerging technology and tool, with in-depth or large-scale research still relatively rare. While the topic remains highly popular, most discussions focus on its utility, often overlooking ChatGPT's deep conversation capabilities, making it a genuine "chatbot." Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential of ChatGPT in promoting mental health. Six participants were asked to set long-term goals and use ChatGPT as a task assistance tool for one month. Through in-depth interviews, scale ratings, and statistical tests, the study examines the role ChatGPT plays in enhancing psychological empowerment and self-efficacy.Statistical tests show significant improvement in users' psychological empowerment and self-efficacy after ChatGPT intervention. Comparing interview content, it was found that ChatGPT can encourage users and build their confidence. The project reporting mechanism can increase users' motivation, patience, self-discipline, execution, sense of control, and metacognition. Good conversations with ChatGPT can alleviate negative emotions and enhance psychological empowerment. Furthermore, the benefits of enhancing psychological empowerment and self-efficacy are influenced by the extent of users' "emotional connection with ChatGPT," "recognition of ChatGPT's capabilities," and "seriousness in executing plans."
一、中文文獻
ClaireC(2023年4月28日),ChatGPT與Bing Chat最大的差異是什麼?哪個比較好?電腦王阿達,https://www.kocpc.com.tw/archives/489933
ColleGo!(2023)。國立臺灣師範大學社會教育學系-學系特色。大學招生委員會聯合會。取自 https://collego.edu.tw/Highschool/DepartmentIntro?dept_id=002007
Dai, P.(2018)。魏克生符號檢定(wilcoxon sign rank)與符號檢定(sign rank)-spss無母數統計。永析統計及論文諮詢顧問。https://www.yongxi-stat.com/nonparametric/
Sandy(2022)。Spearman等級相關性分析(Spearman Rank Correlation Analysis)-R語言操作。永析統計及論文諮詢顧問。https://www.yongxi-stat.com/spearman-rank-correlation-analysis-r/
三立新聞網(2023年4月21日)。陪你談心解憂!亞洲第一個「好閨密」上線 ChatGPT開創心理諮詢新境界。https://www.setn.com/news.aspx?newsid=1283956
三嘻行動蛙(2023年4月10日)。論文槍手被禁了?東京、京都等日本大學名校警告學生不得使用ChatGPT。https://3c.yipee.cc/216254/
天下編輯部(2023年4月17日)。ChatGPT怎麼玩?ChatGPT應用全攻略。天下雜誌。https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5124860
文美華、王智弘、陳慶福(2009)。網路諮商機構實施電子郵件諮商服務之實務經驗與倫理行為探討。教育心理學報,40(3),419-438。
王家齊(2023年1月31日)。AI 可以取代心理治療嗎?一位心理師與 ChatGpt 的深夜對話。https://www.chiachipsy.com/2023/01/AI-andPsychotherapy.html
王智弘(2023)。人工智慧治理雙元模型:試論ChatGPT與Conversational AI在諮商上的可能應用及其倫理議題。本土諮商心理學學刊,14(2),6-58。
王雲東、呂傑華(2021)。社會研究方法:量化與質性取向及其應用。揚智文化。
王裕宏、陳彥倫、許鶴籌(2022)。國中學生網路學習自我效能量表發展與初探。工業科技教育學刊,15,45-65。
王櫻芬、黃瑛琪、陳宛宜(2019)。青少年案主觀點的諮商關係體驗~初探性研究。教育心理學報,50(4),659-683。https://doi.org/10.6251/bep.201906_50(4).0005
台灣科技媒體中心(2023年3月26日)。ChatGPT回答錯誤?如何不被生成式AI假訊息詐騙? ChatGPT使用須知8件事。未來城市。https://futurecity.cw.com.tw/article/2990
吳思端(2021)。焦點解決諮詢對高中教師自我效能之效果研究〔未出版之碩士論文〕。國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學系研究所。
吳添熹、林思玲(2022)。從社群媒體觀察屏東菸葉廠文化資產保存的民眾參與意見。建築學報,(120),79-103。https://doi.org/10.53106/101632122022060120005
宋麗玉(2006)。增強權能量表之發展與驗證。社會政策與社會工作學刊,10(2),49-86。
李玉嬋(2023)。年輕人缺心理諮商之亂 敲響心理諮商納健保警鐘。諮商與輔導,453,i-i。
李惠婷(2023年4月19日)。工程師靠ChatGPT兼職!月收突破1500萬。NOWnews。https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB%E9%9D%A0chatgpt%E5%85%BC%E8%81%B7-%E6%9C%88%E6%94%B6%E7%AA%81%E7%A0%B41500%E8%90%AC-010218421.html
李雅美(2013)。焦點解決短期諮商取向生產教育方案對孕婦生產害怕、自我效能之成效〔未出版之碩士論文〕。國立臺北護理健康大學護理助產研究所。
谷庭(2023年8月15日)。學生不想讀管理、財經、外語學群!專家:起薪低還恐被AI取代。三立新聞網。https://tw.stock.yahoo.com/news/%E7%8D%A8%E5%AE%B6-%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E4%B8%8D%E6%83%B3%E8%AE%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86-%E8%B2%A1%E7%B6%93-%E5%A4%96%E8%AA%9E%E5%AD%B8%E7%BE%A4-%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6-083011232.html
周孟漢(2023年3月28日)。人工智慧也會看病?他用ChatGPT「救愛犬一命」:獸醫都診斷不出來。民視新聞網。https://www.ftvnews.com.tw/news/detail/2023328W0128
怡佳(2023年2月23日)。ChatGPT:心理健康的新工具。vocus。https://vocus.cc/article/63f6bdc7fd8978000173d9cc
林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花(2005)。質性研究方法:訪談模式與實施步驟分析。身心障礙研究,3(2),122-136。
林俊德(2013)。當事人於焦點解決短期諮商中之賦能知覺分析。彰化師大教育學報,24,79-88。
林俊德(2018)。賦能量表之編製及其於高齡者園藝治療團體之應用。彰化師大教育學報,33、34,73-97。
施雲心(2023年7月26日),Bard vs. ChatGPT比較實測!哪個更適合師生選擇使用?。翻轉教育。https://flipedu.parenting.com.tw/article/008483
段智恆(2023年4月22日)。谷歌AI機器人Bard可寫程式和除錯 力拚微軟。鉅亨網。https://news.cnyes.com/news/id/5152908
范麗娟(1994)。深度訪談簡介。戶外遊憩研究,7(2),25-35。
張嘉怡(2012)。內外控人格特質、自我效能與角色衝突因應策略之研究-以新北市雙和分區在職進修教師為例[未出版之碩士論文]。國立臺灣師範大學社會教育學系在職進修碩士班。
梁淑媛、蔡秀鸞、莊宇慧、吳淑芳、童恆新、王采芷、李慧貞(2013)。淺談自我效能信念及測量工具。馬偕護理雜誌,7(2),7-12。
許欣偉(2020)。精神分析取向心理治療技術之彈性。北市醫學雜誌,17(1),31-40。
許維素(2002a)。賦能導向的諮商-以焦點解決短期諮商為例(上)。諮商與輔導,198,18-22。
許維素(2002b)。賦能導向的諮商-以焦點解決短期諮商為例(下)。諮商與輔導,199,36-39。
許維素、吳肇元、陳宇芬(2010)。網路諮商當事人知覺之工作聯盟、諮 商員效能與諮商滿意度的相關研究。教育心理學報,41(3),659-684。
許維素(2007)。教育心理學報,38(3),331-354。
許維素、鄭惠君、陳宇芬(2007)。女大學生焦點解決網路即時諮商成效與相關議題探究。教育心理學報,39(2),217-239。
陳小芬、周苓棋(2021)。電商直播之購買意圖研究-賦能理論觀點。資訊管理學報,28(3),281-306。
陳嘉玲(2023年4月1日)。開全球第一槍!義大利因「1疑慮」禁用ChatGPT下令20天改善。鏡週刊。https://www.mirrormedia.mg/story/20230401web002/
彭鈺純(2023年4月21日)。「ChatGPT溝通術」,23歲青年3個月進帳百萬!1.5萬人搶學,到底教什麼?。數位時代。https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/74932/ai-chatgpt-course-udemy
鈕文英(2021)。研究方法與設計:量化、質性與混合方法取向。雙葉書廊。
愛范兒(2023年4月21日)。ChatGPT 難以複製的原因,除了耗顯卡,還有水電費?。TechNews科技新報。https://technews.tw/2023/04/21/chatgpt-aigc/
萬文隆(2004)。深度訪談在質性研究中的應用,生活科技教育,37(4),17-23。
葉惠婷(2023)。AI生成文章對國中寫作教學可能的影響:以ChatGPT為例。臺灣教育評論月刊,12(4),111-115。
管淑平(2023年4月21日)。日本實測:ChatGPT會寫出病毒程式 防護機制被輕鬆突破。自由時報。https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/4278056
謝璦竹(2023)。不可不知的ChatGPT-生成式AI的產業革命。禪天下,217,56-60。
葉寶玲、蔡佳容、簡文英(2021)。COVID-19疫情期間諮商心理師的通訊諮商經驗。教育實踐與研究,34 (3),121-164。
劉世閔(2021)。NVivo R. 1.4.1代碼簿在整合型質性研究之運用。台灣教育研究期刊, 2(4),331-353。
二、英文文獻
Akiba, D., & Fraboni, M. C. (2023). AI-Supported Academic Advising: Exploring ChatGPT’s Current State and Future Potential toward Student Empowerment. Education Sciences, 13(9), 885. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090885
Aljanabi, M. (2023). ChatGPT: Future Directions and Open possibilities. Mesopotamian journal of Cybersecurity, 2023, 16-17. https://doi.org/10.58496/MJCS/2023/003
Arciniega, L. M., & Menon, S. T. (2013). The power of goal internalization: studying psychological empowerment in a Venezuelan plant. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(15), 2948-2967. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2013.763846
Atkinson, P., & Delamont, S. (2005). Analytic perspectives. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, 3, 821-840.
Baljani, E., Rahimi, J., Amanpour, E., Salimi, S., & Parkhashjoo, M. (2011). Effects of a Nursing Intervention on Improving Self-Efficacy and Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases. Journal of HAYAT, 17(1), 45-54.
Bandura, A. (1977a). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
Bandura, A., Adams, N. E., & Beyer, J. (1977b). Cognitive processes mediating behavioral change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35(3), 125-139. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.35.3.125
Bandura, A., & Wessels, S. (1994). Self-efficacy (Vol. 4). na.
Bannink, F. P. (2007). Solution-Focused Brief Therapy. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 37, 87-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-006-9040-y
Bannink, F. P. (2008). Solution Focused Mediation. Trial Excellence, 20(13).
Bengtsson, P. (1999). Multiple case studies–not just more data points. Term paper in graduate course in Research Methodology. Publisher Unknown, 1-9.
Bordin, E. S. (1979). The generalizability of the psychoanalytic concept of the working alliance. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 16(3), 252-260. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0085885
Burns, J. W., & Evon, D. (2007). Common and specific process factors in cardiac rehabilitation: independent and interactive effects of the working alliance and self-efficacy. Health Psychol, 26(6), 684-692. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.26.6.684
Chen, H.-L., & Chen, H.-H. (2023). Have You Chatted Today? - Medical Education Surfing with Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Medical Education, 27(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.202303_27(1).0005
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Pearson. https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=4PywcQAACAAJ
Curry, A., Stroud, N. J., & McGregor, S. (2016). Solutions journalism and news engagement. Engaging News Project.
Day, S. X., & Schneider, P. L. (2002). Psychotherapy using distance technology: A comparison of face-to-face, video, and audio treatment [doi:10.1037/0022-0167.49.4.499]. US, American Psychological Association.
de Shazer, S. (1985). Keys to Solution in Brief Therapy. W.W. Norton. https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=EnmAQgAACAAJ
de Shazer, S., Berg, I. K., Lipchik, E., Nunnally, E., Molnar, A., Gingerich, W., & Weiner‐Davis, M. (1986). Brief therapy: Focused solution development. Family process, 25(2), 207-221.
de Shazer, S., Dolan, Y., Korman, H., McCollum, E., Trepper, T., & Berg, I. K. (2007). More than miracles: The state of the art of solution-focused brief therapy. Haworth Press.
Du, D., Wu, Z., & Lu, C.-q. (2023). In What Stressful Context Does Self-Efficacy Promote Job Performance? The Roles of Challenge-Hindrance Stressors [Article]. International Journal of Stress Management, 30(1), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000282
Duff, T. (2014). Empowering adolescents through solution-focused counselling : The Experiences of New Zealand Adolescents [Unpublished master’s thesis, University of Canterbury]. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9352
Duffy, M. (2012). Solution-focused bref therapy:listening in the present with an ear toward the future. In A. Lock & T. Strong (Eds.), Discursive perspectives in therapeutic practice. Oxford University Press.
Efstation, J. F., Patton, M. J., & Kardash, C. M. (1990). Measuring the working alliance in counselor supervision. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 37(3), 322-329. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.37.3.322
Fleming, S. M., & Lau, H. C. (2014). How to measure metacognition [Review]. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00443
Flyvbjerg, B. (2011). Case study. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, 4, 301-316.
Franklin, C., Zhang, A., Froerer, A., & Johnson, S. (2017). Solution Focused Brief Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Summary of Process Research [journal article]. Journal of Marital & Family Therapy, 43(1), 16-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmft.12193
Galiè, A., & PhD, C. R. F. (2019). Power through: A new concept in the empowerment discourse. Global Food Security, 21, 13-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2019.07.001
Gerber, A. S., Huber, G. A., Doherty, D., & Dowling, C. M. (2011). The Big Five Personality Traits in the Political Arena. Annual Review of Political Science, 14(Volume 14, 2011), 265-287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-051010-111659
Gerring, J. (2004). What Is a Case Study and What Is It Good for? American Political Science Review, 98(2), 341-354. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055404001182
Goodman, L. A., Fauci, J. E., Sullivan, C. M., DiGiovanni, C. D., & Wilson, J. M. (2016). Domestic violence survivors’ empowerment and mental health: Exploring the role of the alliance with advocates. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 86(3), 286-296. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000137
Greengard, S. (2022,December,29). ChatGPT: Understanding the ChatGPT AI Chatbot. eWEEK. https://www.eweek.com/big-data-and-analytics/chatgpt/
Haleem, A., Javaid, M., & Singh, R. P. (2022). An era of ChatGPT as a significant futuristic support tool: A study on features, abilities, and challenges. BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbench.2023.100089
Hands, A. S. (2022). Integrating quantitative and qualitative data in mixed methods research: An illustration [Article]. Intégration de données quantitatives et qualitatives dans la recherche par méthodes mixtes : Un exemple., 45(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.5206/cjilsrcsib.v45i1.10645
Hatcher, R. L., & Gillaspy, J. A. (2006). Development and validation of a revised short version of the Working Alliance Inventory. Psychotherapy Research, 16(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503300500352500
Ilgen, M., Tiet, Q., Finney, J., & Moos, R. H. (2006). Self-Efficacy, Therapeutic Alliance, and Alcohol-Use Disorder Treatment Outcomes [Article]. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67(3), 465-472. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2006.67.465
Iveson, C. (2002). Solution-focused brief therapy. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 8(2), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.8.2.149
Ji, Y., & Zhang, L. (2023). Intervention Effect of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy Based on Empowerment Theory on Loneliness in Obese Children. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 52(8), 1692-1700. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v52i8.13407
Jiang, S., & Street, R. L., Jr. (2019). The effects of patient-centered communication, social capital, and internet use on patient empowerment: a cross-sectional study in China. Glob Health Promot, 26(4), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757975917749197
Kahn, J. H., & Schlosser, L. Z. (2010). The graduate research training environment in professional psychology: A multilevel investigation. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 4(3), 183-193. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018968
Kalocsai, C., Amaral, A., Piquette, D., Walter, G., Dev, S. P., Taylor, P., Downar, J., & Gotlib Conn, L. (2018). "It's better to have three brains working instead of one": a qualitative study of building therapeutic alliance with family members of critically ill patients. BMC Health Serv Res, 18(1), 533. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3341-1
Kazdin, A. E. (2006). Arbitrary metrics: implications for identifying evidence-based treatments. Am Psychol, 61(1), 62-71. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.61.1.42
King, G., Schwellnus, H., Servais, M., & Baldwin, P. (2019). Solution-Focused Coaching in Pediatric Rehabilitation: Investigating Transformative Experiences and Outcomes for Families. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, 39(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/01942638.2017.1379457
Kung, T. H., Cheatham, M., Medenilla, A., Sillos, C., De Leon, L., Elepaño, C., Madriaga, M., Aggabao, R., Diaz-Candido, G., Maningo, J., & Tseng, V. (2023). Performance of ChatGPT on USMLE: Potential for AI-assisted medical education using large language models. PLOS Digital Health, 2(2), e0000198. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000198
Kuorikoski, J., & Marchionni, C. (2023). Evidential Variety and Mixed-Methods Research in Social Science. Philosophy of Science, 90(5), 1449-1458. https://doi.org/10.1017/psa.2023.34
Lent, R. W., & Brown, S. D. (2006). On Conceptualizing and Assessing Social Cognitive Constructs in Career Research: A Measurement Guide. Journal of Career Assessment, 14(1), 12-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072705281364
Liaqat, H., & Saleem, A. (2021). Solution-Focused Brief Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Single Case Study. NUST Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 7(2), 248-259. https://doi.org/10.51732/njssh.v7i2.93
Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J., & Sparrowe, R. T. (2000). An examination of the mediating role of psychological empowerment on the relations between the job, interpersonal relationships, and work outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(3), 407-416. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.3.407
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. sage.
Lopez-Garrido, G. (2023, July 10). Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory Of Motivation In Psychology. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/self-efficacy.html
Lopez, J., Snyder, C., & Maddux, J. (2009). Self-Efficacy: The Power of Believing You Can. In: Oxford University Press.
Maddux, J. E. (2013). Self-efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment: Theory, research, and application. Springer Science & Business Media.
Maddux, J. E., & Meier, L. J. (1995). Self-Efficacy and Depression. In J. E. Maddux (Ed.), Self-Efficacy, Adaptation, and Adjustment: Theory, Research, and Application (pp. 143-169). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6868-5_5
Mark. (2023, May 9). ChatGPT Passes Turing Test: A Turning Point for Language Models. Mlyearning. https://www.mlyearning.org/chatgpt-passes-turing-test/?expand_article=15/
Matović, N., & Ovesni, K. (2023). Interaction of quantitative and qualitative methodology in mixed methods research: integration and/or combination [Article]. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 26(1), 51-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2021.1964857
Matsuo, M. (2021). Antecedents of psychological empowerment: the effects of developmental experience, learning goal orientation and authenticity. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 59(1), 44-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12228
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.81
Mejah, H., Bakar, A. Y. A., & Amat, S. (2020). The Provision of Tele-Counseling in Malaysia: An In-Depth Qualitative Analysis. Bisma The Journal of Counseling, 4(3), 291-298. https://doi.org/10.23887/bisma.v4i1
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=U4lU_-wJ5QEC
Moon, M. D. (2019). Triangulation: A Method to Increase Validity, Reliability, and Legitimation in Clinical Research. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 45(1), 103-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2018.11.004
Moran, G., Mashiach-Eizenberg, M., Roe, D., Berman, Y., Shalev, A., Kaplan, Z., & Garber Epstein, P. (2014). Investigating the anatomy of the helping relationship in the context of psychiatric rehabilitation: the relation between working alliance, providers' recovery competencies and personal recovery. Psychiatry Res, 220(1-2), 592-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.004
Murray, A. L., McKenzie, K., Murray, K. R., & Richelieu, M. (2016). Do Close Supportive Relationships Moderate the Effect of Depressive Symptoms on Suicidal Ideation? [Journal Articles; Reports - Research]. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 44(1), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2015.1017804
Murray, H. (2023). What Is Solution Focused Brief Therapy(SFBT)? Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/solution-focused-therapy.html
Neipp, M.-C., & Beyebach, M. (2024). The Global Outcomes of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: A Revision. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 52(1), 110-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2022.2069175
Nygårdh, A., Malm, D., Wikby, K., & Ahlström, G. (2012). The experience of empowerment in the patient-staff encounter: the patient's perspective. J Clin Nurs, 21(5-6), 897-904. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03901.x
Paap Pt, M. D., Schrier Pt, M. S. E., & Dijkstra Pt, P. P. U. (2019). Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory Dutch version for use in rehabilitation setting. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 35(12), 1292-1303. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2018.1471112
Pacheco, P. O., Coello-Montecel, D., & Tello, M. (2023). Psychological Empowerment and Job Performance: Examining Serial Mediation Effects of Self-Efficacy and Affective Commitment. Administrative Sciences, 13(3), 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13030076
Page, N., & Czuba, C. E. (1999). Empowerment: What Is It? Journal of Extension, 37(5). https://archives.joe.org/joe/1999october/comm1.php
Paulhus, D. (1983). Sphere-specific measures of perceived control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(6), 1253-1265. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.6.1253
Redmond, B. (2010). Self-Efficacy Theory: Do I think that I can succeed in my work. Work Attitudes and Motivation.
Rhodes, M. G. (2019). Metacognition. Teaching of Psychology, 46(2), 168-175. https://doi.org/10.1177/0098628319834381
Rummell, C., & Joyce, N. (2010). 'So wat do u want to wrk on 2day?': The Ethical Implications of Online Counseling [Article]. Ethics & Behavior, 20(6), 482-496. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2010.521450
Schlosser, L. Z., & Gelso, C. J. (2001). Measuring the working alliance in advisor–advisee relationships in graduate school. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(2), 157-167. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.48.2.157
Schlosser, L. Z., & Kahn, J. H. (2007). Dyadic perspectives on advisor-advisee relationships in counseling psychology doctoral programs. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54(2), 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.54.2.211
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized self-efficacy scale. J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs, 35, 37.
Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction and Validation. Psychological Reports, 51(2), 663-671. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1982.51.2.663
Sigler, T. H., & Pearson, C. M. (2000). Creating an empowering culture: examining the relationship between organizational culture and perceptions of empowerment. Journal of Quality Management, 5(1), 27-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1084-8568(00)00011-0
Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442-1465. https://doi.org/10.2307/256865
Stams, G., Dekovic, M., Buist, K., & De Vries, L. (2006). Effectiviteit van oplossingsgerichte korte therapie: een meta-analyse. Gedragstherapie, 39(2), 81.
Stavros, C., & Westberg, K. (2009). Using triangulation and multiple case studies to advance relationship marketing theory. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 12(3), 307-320.
Sturgiss, E. A., Rieger, E., Haesler, E., Ridd, M. J., Douglas, K., & Galvin, S. L. (2019). Adaption and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory for General Practice: qualitative review and cross-sectional surveys. Family Practice, 36(4), 516-522. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmy113
Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An "interpretive" model of intrinsic task motivation. The Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666-681. https://doi.org/10.2307/258687
Tung, L. (2023, January, 26). ChatGPT can write code. Now researchers say it's good at fixing bugs, too. ZD NET. https://www.zdnet.com/article/chatgpt-can-write-code-now-researchers-say-its-good-at-fixing-bugs-too/
Venkatesh, V., Brown, S. A., & Bala, H. (2013). Bridging the qualitative-quantitative divide: Guidelines for conducting mixed methods research in information systems. MIS quarterly, 21-54.
Xu, X., Wang, X., Zhang, Y., & Zheng, R. (2024). Applying ChatGPT to tackle the side effects of personal learning environments from learner and learning perspective: An interview of experts in higher education. PLoS ONE, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295646.
Yang, J. (2024). Opinion: Scarlett Johansson has a point. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2024/05/17/opinions/open-ai-chatgpt-4o-yang/index.html
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (Vol. 5). sage.
Zakiei, A., Vafapoor, H., Alikhani, M., Farnia, V., & Radmehr, F. (2020). The relationship between family function and personality traits with general self-efficacy (parallel samples studies). BMC Psychology, 8(88). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-00462-w
Zhao, X., Jackson, D., & Nguyen, A. (2022). The Psychological Empowerment Potential of Solutions Journalism: Perspectives from Pandemic News Users in the UK. Journalism Studies, 23(3), 356-373. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2021.2023324
Zimmerman, M. A. (1990). Taking aim on empowerment research: On the distinction between individual and psychological conception. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18(1), 169-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00922695
Zimmerman, M. A. (1995). Psychological empowerment: Issues and illustrations. American Journal of Community Psychology, 23(5), 581-599. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506983