本研究旨在探討現階段國中道德氣氛概況、學生之道德發展及道德氣氛與道德發展之關聯性，以期對國中道德氣氛的營造及學生道德發展有所裨益。本研究的目的為一、調查國中校園道德氣氛之情形；二、探究國中學生道德發展之情形；三、分析國中道德氣氛與學生道德發展間之關係；四、根據研究結果，對國中學生之道德氣氛營造及提升道德發展階段提出具體建議，以供相關師資培訓與進修課程規劃和編排參考。

本研究以台灣地區國中二年級學生為研究對象，採分層叢集立意抽樣的方式；以問卷調查的方式探討「道德氣氛」與「道德發展」間之關聯性，並檢定個人背景因素及道德氣氛各變項對個人道德發展的影響。研究者廣為探討國內外相關研究之文獻，建立本研究的理論架構，並參考相關量表，改編成「道德氣氛問卷」與「社會問題意見調查問卷（簡稱DIT）」做為研究工具，進行實徵研究。調查所得資料分別採用次數分配表（Frequencies）、描述性統計量（Descriptive）、t考驗（T-Test）、單因子變異數分析（one-way ANOVA）、皮爾遜積差相關（Pearson product-moment correlation）等統計方法，進行各項考驗。

茲將本研究結果歸納如下：
一、道德氣氛方面：（一）就整體而言，國中校園道德氣氛以階段二外在工具取向為稍高；（二）就各階段來說，外在工具階段具體感受強烈；不同性別、不同地區別、不同學校型態學生對外在工具取向的道德氣氛感受存有差異；學生對學校團體關係取向的道德氣氛認同感受略強；不同地區別、不同學校型態學生對團體關係取向的道德氣氛感受存有差異；學生重視學校社群規範取向的社會規範；不同地區別、不同學校型態學生對社群規範取向的道德氣氛感受存有差異
二、學生道德發展方面：（一）國中有部分學生已進入道德發展的原則性層次；（二）國中女學生道德發展比男學生成熟；（三）國中北部地區學生道德發展略高於其他地區；（四）、不同的學校型態對國中學生道德發展的差異不顯著。
三、道德氣氛與學生道德發展之關係：（一）國中道德氣氛愈佳對國中學生的道德發展愈趨於成熟；（二）不同的道德氣氛取向對國中學生道德發展有所影響。

根據結論，提出下列建議：
一、國中道德氣氛階段之提升；二、營造學校成員的團體意識；三、重視校園規範的實踐，培養道德責任；四、建立校園道德社群；五、實施民主式的學校管理架構；六、加強學生「原則性」道德判斷能力；七、創造積極的道德氣氛與道德文化。

The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the general situation of junior high school’s moral atmosphere, students’ moral development and the relationship between these two variables. Through this research, it could offer some suggestions about how to create the moral atmosphere of the schools and how to promote students’ moral development.

The objects of this study are the second-grade junior high school students in Taiwan. The methods are adopted here are literature analyzing and questionnaire. The instruments used in this research are DIT and SMAQ.

The results of this research are as follow:
1. About the moral atmosphere of junior high school: as a whole the moral atmosphere of junior high school is in Stage 2 instrument orientation.
2. About students’ moral development: some junior high school students have already been in conventional level, female students have been more mature than male students in moral development, students in north part get higher P score than other area.
3. About the relationship between these two variables: the better moral atmosphere the school has, the more mature students’ moral development will be, and the different moral atmosphere will have influence on students’ moral development.

According to the results, offer some suggestions as follow:
1. Promote the stage of moral atmosphere.
2. Create the collective awareness of the school.
3. Emphasize on the practice of the school rules and cultivate students’ moral responsibilities.
4. Built school moral community.
5. Live up a democratic management framework in school.
6. Enforce students’ moral reasoning in conventional level.
7. Initiate positive moral atmosphere and moral culture.

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