簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 羅玉潔
Yu-chieh Lo
論文名稱: 電影字幕中的粗話翻譯策略:以美國電影「男孩我最壞」為例
Translation Strategies of Vulgarism in Subtitling: the American Movie "Superbad" As a Case Study
指導教授: 李根芳
Lee, Ken-Fang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 翻譯研究所
Graduate Institute of Translation and Interpretation
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 95
中文關鍵詞: 粗俗語禁忌語言字幕翻譯策略
英文關鍵詞: vulgarism, taboo words, subtitling, translation strategy
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:498下載:63
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 電影世界中虛構的人物透過使用情緒性的粗鄙字眼,被賦予了凡人的靈魂,與觀眾的真實世界更加貼近。美國喜劇《男孩我最壞》裡充斥著大量不雅語言,卻令人發噱,極具娛樂價值。然而在字幕翻譯的制約因素及中西文化差異下,譯者必須將口語轉換成最精練的書面語。本論文意旨探討此片的譯者是如何處理這種困境。

    論文分為六章,第一章概述研究動機與目的以及《男孩我最壞》一片簡介。第二章文獻回顧探討影視翻譯中字幕翻譯的功能、特性及其制約因素,第三章談粗俗語的在社會語言學中扮演的角色、類別、形式及意義及社會語言學家對粗俗語的分類,利用認知心理學家Steven Pinker的粗話功能分類為基礎。第四章敘述本論文的主要研究方法,及其從翻譯理論的角度探討字幕翻譯的文本類型,第五章分類比較在不同粗話功能下,本片譯者的翻譯策略。最後綜合整理歸納出六類字幕粗俗語翻譯策略。在第六章結論裡,筆者總結字幕粗俗語翻譯的策略,闡述本論文之研究限制,並提出未來可行的研究方向。

    By using profane words, fictional characters are given a sense of reality and drawn closer to audiences. Vulgar words abound in the highly successful American comedy ‘Superbad’, which has great entertainment value. But technical constraints of subtitling make it hard for translators to convert oral language into concise, written form as close to the source text as possible. Therefore, this movie serves as a great material to explore translation strategies for vulgarism. The thesis, taking ‘Superbad’ as a case study to examine the translation strategies of vulgarism in Chinese subtitle, consists of six chapters. Chapter One reveals the research motivation and the structure of the thesis, with a brief introduction of the movie. Chapter Two explores the characteristics, restrictions, translation strategies of subtitling. In Chapter Three, features and functions of vulgarism are investigated from the perspective of social linguistic psychology, with Harvard cognitive scientist Steven Pinker’s proposed functions on swearing as basis. Chapter Four illustrates the methodology of this research. Chapter Five categorizes different translation strategies and pursues a detailed analysis of the examples. Chapter Six provides conclusions and recommendations for further search.

    Table of Content Chapter 1 Introduction………………………………………… 1 1.1 Research Motivation…………………………… 3 1.2 Significance of the Research…………………… 4 1.3 Thesis Structure………………………………… 5 1.4 Introduction of the movie ‘Superbad’ …………. 6 1.4.1 Movie Plot………………………… 7 1.4.2 Movie Genre and Target Audience.. 9 Chapter 2 Literature Review……………………………………14 2.1 Audiovisual Translation (AVT) …………………14 2.2 Subdivision of audiovisual translation…………...15 2.2.1 Dubbing…………………………….17 2.2.2 Subtitling ……………………….….19 2.3 Audiovisual Translation in Taiwan………………20 2.4 Subtitling – Constraints and Features……………20 2.4.1 Constraints of Subtitling……………20 2.4.2 Features of Subtitling………………22 Chapter 3 Offensive Language………………………………….24 3.1 Definition of Vulgarism………………………….24 3.2 Functions of Vulgarism…………………………..25 3.3 Categories of Swearwords………………………..28 3.4 Vulgarism in Subtitles…………………………….31 Chapter 4 Methodology………………………………………….35 4.1 Peter Newmark’s theory…………………………35 4.2 Subtitling Strategies for Vulgarism……………37 Chapter 5 Examples and Analysis of Vulgarism translation in the movie ‘Superbad’…………………………………… 43 5.1 Dysphemistic…………………………………… 45 5.2 Abusive………………………………………… 50 5.3 Idiomatic Swearing……………………… ……..53 5.4 Emphatic Swearing……………………………...55 5.5 Cathartic Swearing………………………………58 5.6 Others……………………………………………60 5.7 Summary………………………………………...61 Chapter 6 Conclusion…………………………………………...63 References..….………………………………………………….66 Appendix A table of Swearwords in ‘Superbad’ ……………….72

    References
    Andersson, Lars, and Peter Trudgill. Bad Language. Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1990.
    Bartrina, Francesca, ‘The challenge of research in audiovisual translation.’ Topic
    in Translation (2004: 157-166)
    Battistella, Edwin L. Bad Language - Are Some Words Better than Others?.
    New York: Oxford University Press,
    2005. Oxford Scholarship Online. Oxford University Press. 14 July 2009
    <http://0-dx.doi.org.opac.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195172485.001.0001>
    Chatfield, Anthony. ‘The Enduring Value of the Underdog story.’ Buzzle.com. 06
    Aug. 2007. 08 Jul.2009 <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/enduring-value-of-the-underdog-story.html>
    Chaume, Frederic. ‘Film Studies and Translation Studies: Two Disciplines at Stake in
    Audiovisual Translation.’ Meta: Translators' Journal 49.1 (2004): 12-24
    Chen, Chapman. ‘On the Hong Kong Chinese Subtitling of English Swearwords.’
    Meta: Translator' Journal 49. 1 (2004) : 135-147.
    ‘On the Hong Kong Chinese Subtitling of the Erotic Dialogue in Kaufman’s Quills.’ Quaderns. Revista de traducció 12 (2005) : 205-224.
    Davies, Eirlys E. ‘Leaving it out: On some justifications for the use of omission in
    translation.’ Babel 53:1 (2007): 56-77
    Danan, Martine. ‘Dubbing as an expression of nationalism.’ Meta: Translator'
    Journal 36.4 (1991): 606-614.
    Dewaele, Jean-Marc. ‘The Emotional Force of Swearwords and Taboo Words in
    the Speech of Multinguals.’ Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 25.2&3 (2004): 204-222.
    Díaz Cintas, Jorge. , Anderman, Gunilla M, eds. Audiovisual Translation
    Language Transfer On Screen. 1st ed. Hampshire : Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. 1-20.
    Díaz Cintas, Jorge. ‘In search of a theoretical framework for the study of
    audiovisual translation.’ Topics in Audiovisual Translation. Ed. Orero, Pilar. Philadelphia, PA, USA: John Benjamins, 2004. 21-34.
    http://www.literarytranslation.com/workshops/almodovar/
    Dewaele, Jean-Marc. ‘The Emotional Force of Swearwords and Taboo Words in
    the Speech of Multilinguals. ‘ Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 25 : 2-3 (2004) 204-219.
    Dobao, Ana María Fernández. ‘Linguistic and cultural aspects of the translation
    of swearing: The Spanish version of Pulp Fiction.’ Babel 52:3 (2006) 222–242.
    Esteva, Sara Rovira. ‘Translating Chinese Pop Fiction.’ Perspectives: Studies in
    Translatology 15. 1 (2007): 15-29.
    Fong, Gilbert. C. F. ‘The Two Worlds of Subtitling: The Case of Vulgarisms
    and Sexually-oriented Language.’ Dubbing and Subtitling in a World Context. Ed. Gilbert. C.F. Fong. Hong Kong : The Chinese University Press 2009. 39-62.
    Fozooni, Babak. ‘All translators are bastards!’ South African Journal of
    Psychology, 36: 2 (2006): 281-298.
    Gabriela L. Scandura. ‘Sex, Lies and TV: Censorship and Subtitling.’ Meta:
    Translators' Journal 49. 1 (2004): 125-134.
    Gambier, Yves. ‘Introduction Screen Transadaption.’ The Translator. 9: 2
    Manchester: St. Jeremy 2003, 171-189.
    Gottlieb, Henrik. ‘Subtitles and International Anglification.’ Nordic Journal of
    English Studies 3.1 (2004): 219-230.
    Gottlieb, Henrik. (1992) ‘Subtitling: A new university discipline.’ Eds. C.
    Dollerup and A. Loodegaard (eds) Teaching Translation and Interpreting. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 1992. 161-170.
    Guardini, Paola. ‘Decision-making in subtitling.’ Perspectives: Studies in
    Translatology 6: 1 (1998) 91–112.
    Hughes, Geoffrey. Swearing: A Social History of Foul Language, Oaths and
    Profanity in English Oxford: Blackwell, 1991
    Jäckel, Anne. ‘The Subtitling of La Haine: A Case Study.’ (Multi)Media
    Translation. Eds. Yves Gambier, Henrik Gottlieb. Amsterdam: John Benjamins 2001 : 223-235.
    Jay, Timothy, and Kristin Janschewitz. ‘The pragmatics of swearing.’ Journal of
    Politeness Research 4 (2008): 267-288.
    Karjalainen, Markus. ‘Where have all the swearwords gone? An analysis of the
    loss of swearwords in two Swedish translations of J. D. Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye.’ MA thesis. U of Helsinki, 2002.
    Karamitroglou, Fotios. Towards a Methodology for the Investigation of Norms in
    Audiovisual Translation. Amsterdam & Atlanta: Rodopi. 2000.
    Kaye, Barbara K. and Barry S. Sapolsky, ‘Taboo or Not Taboo? That is the
    Question: Offensive Language on Prime-Time Broadcast and Cable Programming.’ Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 53: 1 (2009) 22-37.
    Li, Yun-xing. ‘Strategies for Translating Subtitles.’ Chinese Translators Journal
    22.4 (2001): 38-40.
    McEnery, Tony. Swearing in English: Bad language, purity and power from 1586
    to the present. Oxon: Routledge, 2006.
    Mattsson, Jenny. Linguistic Variation in Subtitling : The Subtitling of
    swearwords and discourse markers on public television, commercial television and DVD : Proceedings of the Marie Curie Euroconferences MuTra: Audiovisual Translation Scenarios, Copenhagen, 1-5 May 2006
    Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York; Prentice Hall, 1988.
    ---. About Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. 1991.
    ---. Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon, 1981.
    Nord, Christiane. Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalist Approaches
    Explained. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.
    Nir, Raphael. ‘Linguistic and sociolinguistic problems in the translation of
    imported TV films in Israel.’ International Journal of the Sociology of Language. 48 (1984): 81-97.
    O'Connell, Eithne. ‘Screen Translation.’ A Companion to Translation Studies.
    Eds. Piotr Kuhiwczak and Karin Littau., UK: Cromwell Press, 2007. 120-133.
    Pettit, Zoë. ‘The Audio-Visual Text: Subtitling and Dubbing Different Genres.’
    Meta: Translator’s Journal 49:1 (2004) : 25-38.
    Pinker, Steven. ‘The Seven Words You Can't Say on Television.’ The Stuff of
    Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature. New York: Viking, 2007, 323-372.
    ---. ‘What the F***.’ The New Republic. [online] (2007)
    http://www.tnr.com/story.html?id=246c0071-a9cd-46e2-a665-c6e61a45377e (accessed March 30, 2008).
    Sánchez, María T. ‘Translation and sociolinguistics: Can language translate
    society?’ Babel 53. 2 (2007): 123–131.
    Shary, Timothy. ‘ADOLESCENTS, MOVIE PORTRAYALS OF.’ Encyclopedia of
    Children, Adolescents, and the Media. 2006. SAGE Publications. 13 Jul. 2009. <http://0-www.sage-ereference.com.opac.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/childmedia/Article_n4.html>.
    Shuttleworth, Mark, and Moira Cowie. Dictionary of Translation Studies.
    Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing. (1997) 45-46.
    Stolze, Radegundis. ‘Dealing with cultural elements in technical texts for
    Translation.’ The Journal of Specialised Translation 11 (2009) : 124-142.
    Stenstrom, A.B. ‘Taboos in teenage talk.’ Studies in Anglistics. Eds. G. Melchers
    and B. Warren Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell International, 1995. 71-79.
    ---.’He was really gormless-she’s bloody crap. Girls, boys and intensifers.’
    Out of Corpora: Studies in Honour of Stig Johansson. Eds. H. Hasselgard and S. Oksefjell. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1999. 69-78.
    Taivalkoski-Shilov, Kristiina. ‘Subtitling 8 Mile in three languages.’ Target 20.2
    (2008): 249-274.
    中文論文:
    Chen, Chia-Chien, “A Study on the Translation of Vulgar Words in Chinese
    Subtitles-Based on the Practice of Pulp Fiction.” MA thesis. Fujen Catholic University, 2003.
    Huang, Lan-li, “A Study on The Translation of Chinese Subtitles. Based on The Film
    of ‘Goodbye, Lenin!’ MA thesis. Department of German Studies, Fujen Catholic University, 2006.
    Tsai, Tsung-hua. “Translation Strategies of Culture-Specific Words and
    Linguistic Humor in Subtitling: On the American Sitcom ‘Friends’’ MA thesis. Graduate school of Translation and Interpretation, National Taiwan Normal University, 2008.
    中文書籍:
    露絲韋津利(Ruth Wanjnryb),嚴韻譯,《髒話文化史》’Language Most Foul’。台北:麥田,2006。
    棣一鳴編著,《禁忌的英語》,台北:德格,1991。
    Internet Resources:
    Screen it! Entertainment Reviews
    8 Mile http://www.screenit.com/movies/2002/8_mile.html
    Superbad http://www.screenit.com/movies/2007/superbad.html#ib
    Urban Dictionary http://www.urbandictionary.com
    Merriam Webster http://www.m-w.com
    ‘X-Rated Expletives.’ Time. 20 May 1974. 23 June 2009.
    http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944845-1,00.html

    下載圖示
    QR CODE