大腸桿菌受到紫外光照射後，菌體形貌會產生變化，且隨著照射強度增加，菌體形貌的變化也會增加，利用原子力顯微鏡在生物樣品量測的優勢，來了解為什麼菌體會有如此變化。細胞壁是主要維持細胞形貌的因素，而組成細胞壁的結構分別是肽聚醣層與脂多醣層，所以探究肽聚醣層與脂多醣層是否遭受紫外光照射而破壞，是本研究的重點。
本研究利用原子力顯微鏡，在大氣環境下測得，大腸桿菌產生的吸附力做功會隨著照射紫外光的能量提升而下降，這表示維持吸附力的脂多醣層的確受到紫外光照射而破壞 在液態環境下測得，大腸桿菌的有效彈性常數與楊氏模數經由紫外光照射後會下降，利用楊氏模數下降這可以證明紫外光照射，也會產生肽聚醣的破壞。
使用恆定力輕敲式掃描模式系統進行實驗，利用其在液態環境優異的解析度，讓我們在液態環境更精準的量測，實驗結果，其吸附力與楊氏模數的下降，與傳統原子力顯微鏡的結果相同。
使用表面增強拉曼光譜進行實驗，可以發現受紫外光照射的大腸桿菌有許多來自於DNA的訊號，未照射紫外光的大腸桿菌則沒有DNA的訊號，這表示，細胞壁的確受到了損害。

關鍵字：大腸桿菌、原子力顯微鏡、力與距離曲線、有效彈性常數、楊氏模數、紫外光、脂多醣層、肽聚醣層、細胞壁、表面增強拉曼光譜

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