研究生: |
楊馨 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
國中生學習「電化學」微型實驗教材研究 |
指導教授: |
楊永華
Yang, Yong-Hwa |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
化學系 Department of Chemistry |
論文出版年: | 2001 |
畢業學年度: | 89 |
語文別: | 中文 |
中文關鍵詞: | 微型化學實驗 、電化學 |
英文關鍵詞: | microscale chemical experiment, electrochemistry |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:199 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
在學習化學的過程中,實驗是不可缺少的,然而由許多研究發現,目前仍有許多學校由於儀器設備、消耗藥品、經費不足及實驗的安全性等因素導致實驗教學實際困難所在,但往往也是被用來忽視實驗的藉口,學生缺乏由實際操作中獲得具體經驗的機會。因此本研究以電化學為主題,設計開發微型化學實驗裝置,使實驗更為簡單、有趣、安全,更有助於學生的學習。
為驗證所發展之微型化學實驗的價值與可行性,以桃園縣某公立國中之95名國三學生為樣本,分實驗組與控制組各一班,進行前測、教學活動及後測,以比較該微型化學實驗對學生學習之影響,最後則分析學生對於電化學的迷思概念,提供教師從事教學活動時之參考。再者,為了解學生對所使用之實驗裝置的看法,本研究利用問卷對學生進行調查研究,並選擇實驗組與控制組各十名學生進行晤談。
由結果發現,使用微型化學實驗裝置進行實驗的學生的學習成就顯著高於使用傳統實驗裝置進行實驗者,顯示本研究所開發之微型化學實驗能有效地促進學生概念的學習與學習興趣。另外,在問卷調查方面,學生對於微型化學實驗給予高度的肯定與興趣,然而,學生也建議若教學能有更充裕的時間則效果會更好。
In the procedure of studying chemistry, experiment is essential; but various research had discovered that: there are still too many schools unable to provide enough experiments in regular courses. Lack of equipment, overwhelmingly consuming of chemical, insufficient fund, and safety of the experiment. These are the most popular reasons for it; but they had been used as pretexts more often. Therefore, the object of this electrochemistry-based study was to design and develop a microscale chemical experiment apparatus that makes experiment simpler, safer, more interesting, and even more helpful for learning purpose.
In order to examine the value and viability of the microscale chemical experiment newly developed by this study, ninety-five 9’s graders were picked from a public high school in Taoyuan. The students had been divided into 2 groups: a experimental group and a control group. The whole procedure consisted of a pre-test, teaching activities, and a post-test; by comparing the effect of this microscale chemical experiment on students' studying efficiency and analyzing students' misconceptions of electrochemistry, it can provide teacher some guides for their teaching practices. Also, in order to understand students' opinion on the new apparatus, a questionnaire-inquiry was used; eventually, ten students from each group were randomly chosen and interviewed.
According to the result, obviously the experimental group achieved a higher standard compare to the control group; it revealed that the microscale chemical experiment developed by this research can promote a better concept developing and a greater learning desire more efficiently. Moreover, decent value and great interest had been found among students' respond in the questionnaire-inquiry; also, a looser schedule and ampler time had been suggested to improve the efficiency.
中文部分
方金祥(1994)。多功能低污染化學實驗器具組合—並連是塑膠注射筒。環境科學技術教育季刊,5期,67-83。
方金祥(1994)。果凍空盒子之回收再利用—神奇的自動變色噴泉。環境科學技術教育季刊﹐第6期,56-61。
方金祥(1994)。學校化學實驗室減廢妙方。環境科學技術教育季刊,3期,14-21。
方金祥(1998)。微型化學實驗之設計與製作。高雄:復文圖書出版社。
朱敬先(1993)。教學心裡學。五南圖書出版公司。
江新合(1994)。國中理化教師群體信念及心態特質之調查研究。國科會報告NSC75-0111-S018-06。
余民寧(1997a)。有意義的學習-概念構圖之研究。商鼎文化出版社。
周麗玉(1997)。讓學生學懂比學得多重要--談國民中學理化新課程。國立編譯館通訊,10卷,2期,17-22。
林秀蓁(1995)。一位國中理化教師實驗室之教學與經營。高雄:國立高雄師範大學碩士論文。
林邦傑(1982)。我國國中及高中學生認知發展之研究。科學教育月刊,51期,12-22。
林振霖(1992)。我國學生分子概念發展與診斷教學的研究:我國學生分子概念的理解與解題之間的關係的研究。彰化師範大學學報,3期,407-478。
林清山譯(1978)。皮亞傑的認知發展研究及其在科學教育上的意義。科學教育月刊,15期,19-25。
林清山譯Richard E. Mayer,(1997)。教育心理學—認知取向。台北:遠流。
林陳涌(1995)。從經驗證據和科學理論之間的關係來探討自然科實驗教學的意義。科學教育月刊,184期,2-15。
姚珩(1994)。實驗教學法淺論。中等教育,45卷,2期,22-35。
洪姮娥(1984)。實驗室在科學教學上的功能。中等教育,35卷,6期,25-27。
國立台灣師範大學學術研究委員會(1984)。明日的科學教育。台北:幼獅文化事業公司。
國立編譯館(1999)。國民中學理化(三)。台北:國立編譯館。
國立編譯館(1999)。國民中學理化教師手冊(三)。台北:國立編譯館。
張春興、林清山(1981)。教育心裡學。台北:東華書局。
張惠博(1993)。邁向科學探究的實驗教學。教師天地,62期,12-20。
張新仁等(1991)。學習理論與教學應用。台灣省政府教育廳。
張靜嚳(1999)。何謂建構主義?中部地區科學教育簡訊第三期,〔線上查詢〕http://www.bio.ncue.edu.tw/c&t/issue1-8/v3-1.htm
許榮富、趙金祈(1987)。科學實驗目標之確認及客觀性評量分析研究。國科會報告NSC77-0111-S003-24。
許榮富、趙金祈(1988)。科學實驗在教育中的本質之分析研究。國科會報告NSC77-0111-S003-23。
陳怡宏(1997)。教導式簡易實驗教學上應用之研究。台北:國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
黃世傑(1986)。國民中學生物科教師教學困難及問題之調查研究(Ⅱ)。國科會報告NSC75-0111-S018-07。
黃敏彥(1997)。教導式簡易實驗教學的設計。台北:國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
黃湘武(1979)。皮亞傑認知心理學與科學教育。科學教育雙月刊,37期,12-17。
黃實鈾、劉藹雯(1993)。化學師資基本能力及條件之初步研究。師大學報,38期,203-222。
楊秀霞(2000)。實驗教學教案設計之研究-以「生活中的塑膠」為例。台北:國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
楊冠政(1976)。科學課程設計要素之一:科學概念。科教月刊,4期,36-43。
廖怡雯(1999)。改進學生對電化學瞭解之研究。高雄:國立高雄師範大學碩士論文。
廖淑苹(2000)。發展國中「分子」多元媒體與概念學習研究。台北:國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
熊召弟、王美芬(1995)。國民小學自然科教材教法。台北:心理出版社。
劉元生(1994)。實驗教學對於國中學生溶液概念改變的影響。台北:國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
劉宏文(1996)。概念及概念學習在學科教學上之應用。科學教育月刊,192期,2-8。
劉廣定、林笏稜、吳春桂(1996)。邁向零污染的普通化學實驗設計。中國化學會「化學」,54卷,63-66。
蔣勝發(1999)。以CAL促進高中化學「氧化還原反應」單元有意義學習之研究。高雄:國立高雄師範大學碩士論文。
蔡佩穎(1998)。國一學生參與生物實驗活動之過程分析與成效探討。彰化:國立彰化師範大學。
鄭挺穗(1995)。以簡易化學實驗做教導事教學之研究。台北:國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
鄭惠凌(1998)。國中理化實驗輔助教學活動設計之研究。台北:國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
錢貴晴(1999)。微型化學實驗與M. L. 儀器的研製。化學通報,1期,48-51。
嚴文宏(1998)。兩個理化改良式實驗對國二學生科學學習影響之研究。高雄:國立高雄師範大學碩士論文。
國家微型化學中心網站。http://www.silvertech.com/microscale/
綠色化學網站。
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/dfe/greenchem/index.html
九年一貫課程網站。http://cur9.wfsh.tp.edu.tw/
九年一貫課程網站。http://teach.eje.edu.tw/
http://pei.cjjh.tc.edu.tw/
英文部分
Al-Soudi, H. (1989). Confusion pver electrochemical conventions. Journal of Chemical Education, 66, 630.
Anderson, K. E. (1968). Using the Laboratory to teaching the Nature of Science. The American Biology Teacher, 30, 633-636.
Aronld, M. & Millar, R. (1987). Being constructive: An alternative approach to the teaching of introductory ideals in electricity. International Journal of Science Education, 9(5), 553-563.
Bradley, J. D., Durbach, S., Bell, B., Mungarulire, J. & Kimel, H. (1998). Hands-on Practical Chemistry for All—Why and How? Journal of Chemical Education, 75(11), 1406-1409.
Cautu, L. & Herron, J. (1978). Concrete and formal Piagetian stages and science concept attainment. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 15, 135-143.
Cheronis, N. D. (1962). The Philosophy of laboratory instruction. Journal of Chemical Education, 39, 102-106.
Chmpbell, D. T. &Stanley, J. C. (1966). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Chicago: Rand McNally and Company.
Cooper, S., Conway, K. & Guseman, P. (1995). Making the most of microscale. The Science Teacher, 62(1), 46-49.
Domin, D. S. (1999). A Review of Laboratory Instruction Styles. Journal of Chemical Education, 76(4), 543-547.
Gabel, D. (1999). Improving Teaching and Learning through Chemistry Education Research: A Look to the Future. Journal of Chemical Education, 76(4), 548-554.
Garnett, P. J. (1988). Students’ understanding of electrochemical and electrolytic cells: Implications for chemistry curricula and classroom practice. Unpublished master’s thesis. Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia.
Garnett, P. J. & Treagust, D. F. (1990). Implications of research on Students’ understanding of electrochemistry for improving science curricula and classroom practice. International Journal of Science Education, 12(2), 147-156.
Garnett, P. J. & Treagust, D. F. (1992a). Conceptual difficulties experienced by senior high school students of electrochemistry: electric circuits and oxidation-reduction equations. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29(2), 121-142.
Garnett, P. J. & Treagust, D. F. (1992b). Conceptual difficulties experienced by senior high school students of electrochemistry: electrochemical (galvanic) and electrolytic cells. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29(10),1079-1099.
Hofstein, A., & Lunetta, V. N. (1982). The role of the laboratory in science teaching: Neglected aspects of research. Review of Educational Research, 52(2), 201-217.
H. C. She, (1999). Students’ knowledge construction in small groups in the seventh grade biology laboratory: Verbal communication and physical engagement. International Journal of Science Education, 21(10), 1051-1066.
Johnstone, A. H. (1997). Chemistry Teaching-Science or Alchemy? Journal of Chemical Education, 74(3), 262-268.
Johnson, D. M. & Johnson, R. T. (1987). Learning together and alone:Cooperative, competitive and individualistic learning. Englewood Cliffts:Prentice-Hall.
Mayo, D. W., Butcher, S. S. & Pike, R. M. (1985). Microscale Organic Laboratory. Journal of Chemical Education, 62(2), 149-151.
McGuire, P., Ealy, J. & Pickering, M. (1991). Microscale Laboratory at the High School Level. Journal of Chemical Education, 68(10), 869-871.
Mirando, P. A. (1994). Microscale Assessment. The Science Teacher, 61(1), 38-44.
Nordland et. al. (1974). A Study of Levels of Concrete and Formal Reasoning Ability in Disadvantages Junior and Senior High School Science Students. Science Education, 58(4), 569-574.
Piaget, J. & Inhelder, B. (1969). The Psychology of the Child (H. Weaver, trans.), New York, Basic Book, Inc.
Renner, J. W. et. al. (1972). Teaching Science in the Secondary School. New York, Harper and Row.
Richardson, V. & Renner, J. W. (1970). A Study of Inquiry-Discovery Method of Laboratory Instruction. Journal of Chemical Education, 47(1), 77-79.
Roth, W. M. (1994). Experimenting in a constructivist high school physics laboratory. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(2), 197-223.
Saunders, W. L. (1992). The constructivist perspective:Implications and teaching strategies for science. School Science and Mathematics, 92(3), 136-141.
Scott, P., Dyson, T. & Gater, S. (1989). A constructivist view of learning and teaching in science.ERIC: ED287706.
Simpson, D. R. & Anderson, N. D. (1981). Science, students, and schools: Guide for the middle and secondary school teachers. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Simpson, J. K. & Gallentine, J. L. (1971). Representational versus analytic drawings in the laboratory, The American Biology Teacher, 33(7), 419-420.
Singh, M. M., Szafran, Z. & Pike, R. M. (1999). Microscale Chemistry and Green chemistry: Complementary Pedagogies. Journal of Chemical Education, 76(12), 1684-1686.
Szafran, Z., Singh, M. M. & Pike, R. M. (1989). Safety in the Chemical Laboratory. Journal of Chemical Education, 66(11), A263-A267.
Tamir, P. (1976). The role of the Laboratory in Science Teaching. Technical Report 10.
Tobin, K. G. (1990). Research on science laboratory activities: In pursuit of better question and answers to improve learning. School Science and Mathematics, 90(5), 403-418.
von Glasersfeld, E. (1989). Conginition, construction of knowledge, and teaching. Synthese, 80, 121-140.
Zipp, A. P. (1989). The microscale Laboratory-Introduction to “The Microscale Laboratory”. Journal of Chemical Education, 66(11) 956-957.